|
|
Prognostic awareness in advanced cancer patients
Vlčková, Karolína ; Loučka, Martin (advisor) ; Světlák, Miroslav (referee) ; Vevera, Jan (referee)
Being aware of the severity of their medical condition is a key precondition for patients with advanced disease to be involved in advance care planning. This thesis aims to describe the phenomenon of prognostic awareness and identify factors that are related to prognostic awareness in patients with advanced cancer. The author of this dissertation thesis participated in a three-year project, which was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (IMPAC study, grant number 17-26722Y), which aims to map the preferences of patients with advanced disease and further describe factors related to prognostic awareness and assess its stability over time. The secondary goal was also to describe how patients with a serious diagnosis and their loved ones evaluate their participation in a research study. In the introductory chapter of this thesis, we describe the concept of prognostic awareness, methods of measuring it and the goals of this work. The dissertation thesis includes 4 publications that are focused on this topic and 1 publication that responds to the secondary goal of this dissertation thesis. The publications are followed by a discussion in which we deal with all our findings in the context of the latest evidence available on this topic. Our results prove that prognostic awareness is a complex...
|
|
|
The effect of hospitalization and morning patient community with basic mindfulness practice on emotional experiencing and occurrence of emotional regulation strategies
Kubrický, Richard ; Světlák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Michalec, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to theoretically describe and empirically test the relations between different types of emotion-regulation strategies (according to the Intelligence And Development Scales, IDS), the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Emotional Experiencing Questionnaire as measured by the DEP36 and The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Short Form (DERS-SF). In addition, the aim was to examine possible changes in the amount of emotion regulation strategies and the trend in emotional experiencing during hospitalization with a mindfulness-focused community. The final aim was to empirically test the immediate effect of a given community on current emotional state. This is a mixed-methods research design. The qualitative part of the data was processed using deductive content analysis to quantify emotion regulation strategies. The IDS coding scheme was used for quantification. Quantitative data analysis was performed using correlation analysis, goodness- of-fit test, and growth curve analysis. Correlation analysis revealed several small to moderate relationships across emotion regulation strategies (ERS). Adaptive ERS showed positive relationships with positive emotional experiencing, maladaptive and other ERS showed positive relationships with difficulties in emotion...
|
|
|
Cognitive Deterioration in Otherwise Clinically Stable Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Motýl, Jiří ; Uher, Tomáš (advisor) ; Světlák, Miroslav (referee) ; Hradílek, Pavel (referee)
Neuropsychological assessment of cognitive functions in multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasingly considered as an important paraclinical marker of disease stability or progression in MS. Recent recommendations pro-posed an annual screening of cognitive functions in all MS patients as a standard of neuropsychological monitoring in MS. There is a clear trend to diagnose possible disease progression as early as possible, to be able to respond quickly. The theoretical part of this thesis presents the current state of knowledge on cognitive impairment in MS, its correlates, predictors, and treatment possibilities. In addition, a comprehensive overview of the neuropsychological assessment and the diagnosis of cognitive deterioration in MS is presented. The highly relevant topics such as cutoff criteria of a meaningful change on individual neuropsychological examination, possibilities of treatment of cognitive deterioration, or the so-called isolated cognitive relapses, are discussed in a particular detail. The empirical part extends current knowledge in the field of MS. I present and discuss six original publications that follow these four main objectives: first, to describe the prevalence of isolated cognitive decline in MS and to put isolated cognitive decline in context with current knowledge on MS...
|
|
|
Self-compassion and its role in emotion regulation, maintaining mental health and well-being
Benda, Jan ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Světlák, Miroslav (referee) ; Praško Pavlov, Ján (referee)
Self-compassion and its role in emotion regulation, maintaining mental health and well-being PhDr. Jan Benda Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Jiří Šípek, CSc., Ph.D. Abstract Background. Frequent comorbidity of mental disorders together with the latest findings in neurobiology have been drawing attention of health professionals over the past years to so- called transdiagnostic factors, including, but not limited to difficulties in emotion regulation and self-compassion. It seems that these factors play a significant role in the etiology of many mental disorders as well as in the maintenance of mental health and well-being. Objectives. The aim of this thesis was to theoretically discuss and scientifically verify the expected relationship between parental emotional warmth in childhood, self-compassion and emotion regulation. Sample and procedure. 440 adult respondents (141 men and 299 women) completed the questionnaire "My Memories of Upbringing"- Short Form (s-EMBU), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Short Form (DERS-SF-CZ) and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-CZ) together with several demographic questions in an online survey. Statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics and the Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics-23 software. The effect of gender and education on...
|
|
|
Burnout syndrome in Health Care Professionals.
Riethof, Norbert ; Bob, Petr (advisor) ; Světlák, Miroslav (referee) ; Pauknerová, Daniela (referee)
N. Riethof - Burnout syndrome in Health Care Professionals ABSTRACT Burnout syndrome is a state of total exhaustion related to work condi- tions and prolonged stress. While initial phases of burnout resemble stress symptoms, final phases of burnout are characterized by feelings of hopelessness, loss of meaning and desperation that have similar qual- ities as depression as well as existential vacuum described by Frankl in his logotherapy. In addition, the burnout syndrome involves stages in which people detach from their emotions and feelings as a defense mechanism against stress and have decreased ability to experience their own feelings and emotional states. Burnout usually begins with feelings of enthusiasm and idealized visualizations and it is in contrast with sub- sequent disillusionment, disappointment experienced later. After decades of burnout research, there is still a need for better def- inition of this condition including more precise diagnostic criteria and internationally recognized measurement tools, especially within health care system where the risks of unrecognized and untreated burnout are high. This study is focused on examination of potential causes of burn- out and relationships of burnout symptoms with certain personality traits, defense mechanisms and coping reactions including...
|
|
|
Synesthetic associations and psychopathological symtomps.
Neckář, Marcel ; Bob, Petr (advisor) ; Ptáček, Radek (referee) ; Světlák, Miroslav (referee)
1 Synesthetic associations and psychopathological symptoms Marcel Necká Abstract Synesthesia in general is a phenomenon of intersensory and intrasensory linkage that may be observed in various conditions including artistic creativity and also manifests in conditions of various brain dysfunctions and injuries. Synesthesia is a phenomenon represented by transmodal associative connections that may represent a continuum from strong synesthetic phenomena to its mild forms that may enable creation of "synesthetic" metaphors. This study is focused on projective assessments of word-color association and their relationship to psychopathological measures reflecting stress, depression, dissociation and other psychometric measures in 154 participants selected from general population. The results are in agreement with previous reported studies suggesting that lighter colors are more frequently associated with positive emotional meanings. In addition the results indicate significant relationships of color- word associations to some specific words with depression, anxiety, alexithymia and symptoms of traumatic stress. These results are in ac-cordance with existing findings in context of the so-called metaphorical synesthesia where significant role might be attributed to color intensity. In this context, results of this...
|
guest ::
