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Prevention in Primary care with a focus on colorectal cancer screening
Král, Norbert ; Seifert, Bohumil (advisor) ; Lukáš, Milan (referee) ; Matějovská Kubešová, Hana (referee)
Prevention in Primary care with a focus on colorectal cancer screening Introduction: Preventive examinations and screening methods are an integral part of the work of a general practitioner. Primarily are focused on cardiometabolic and oncological diseases that share risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the system of preventive examinations and screening programs for CRCa, and to propose modifications to preventive examinations-with regard to cardiometabolic diseases-that would be in line with current scientific knowledge. Furthermore, to determine the attitude of the Czech population towards preventive examinations and screenings for CRCa, and to analyse the current situation of CRCa screening and identify its major shortcomings. Materials and Methods: The thesis consists of a set of studies. The studies were aimed at the general population, general practitioners, and other primary care professionals. The research took the form of questionnaire surveys distributed among physicians and patients. The Rand/UCLA consensus method, which combines the best available scientific evidence with the collective judgement of a group of experts, was chosen in the search for an appropriate model of preventive examinations. Results: Selective prevention is an effective tool in the prevention of...
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The Role of the Medical Assessment Service in the Social Security System
Čevela, Rostislav ; Zikmundová, Květuše (advisor) ; Seifert, Bohumil (referee) ; Vurm, Vladimir (referee)
Medical Assessment Service significantly influences expenses of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (MoLSA). Medical Assessment Service (MAS) provides assessment of state of health for benefits where a claim is derived from unfavourable health conditions (or together with other unfavourable conditions such as a social situation, financial situation, insurance participation etc.) Impact of MAS activity is of a volume of 100 miliards of CZK annually from the state budget. Passed reorganization of MAS did not solve the biggest problem and it is permanent lack of superior workers. This problem brings poor quality and efficiency of its activity. Changes in organization of MAS which will lead to solving of these problems will also lead to better quality of assessments which will be positively reflected not only in strenghtening of assurance of assessed people but also in expenses for benefits. The survey of doctors opinion about Assessment Service has shown that it is necessary to improve perception of Assessment Service . It is perceived by medical public as not very prestigious, with a lot of paperwork and with no connection with clinical medicine. Most of asked doctors said that they would not be able to work without Assessment Service cooperation. The most important incentive that would enhance interest...
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Diagnostics of new occupational diseases -prevention of new work-related disorders
Laštovková, Andrea ; Pelclová, Daniela (advisor) ; Petrovová, Markéta (referee) ; Seifert, Bohumil (referee)
6 ABSTRACT Background The existence of risks of new work-related disorders and occupational diseases in the society is constantly increasing in relation to the fast and continuous development of working conditions, techniques used, materials and overall acceleration of the working pace. Aim of the study The aim of the study is to analyse new risks in the working environment and to evaluate early diagnostic possibilities of new occupational diseases including their prevention. The study also compares the current situation in this field in the Czech Republic and other European countries. Materials and methods The doctoral dissertation is a multiple manuscript thesis focusing on one common topic - new occupational diseases. The first publication studied the acknowledgement of low-back pain disease caused by overload as an occupational disease. Specialists from European countries were inquired via questionnaire focusing on diagnostic and evaluation criteria of this disease in their countries. Representatives from countries acknowledging low-back pain diseases caused by overload provided further evaluation criteria and number of cases. Correspondingly, the second publication studied the evaluation of burnout syndrome as an occupational disease. Representatives from countries acknowledging the burnout syndrome as...
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Analysis of Selected Risks of Pharmacotherapy
Doseděl, Martin ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Pávek, Petr (referee) ; Seifert, Bohumil (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Candidate: Mgr. Martin Doseděl Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Vlček, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Analysis of selected risks of pharmacotherapy Abstract Introduction and aims The aim of this study was to describe and analyse selected pharmacotherapy risks in everyday clinical practice. The paper focused on the guidance of the secondary prevention after myocardial infarction (MI), on opinions, attitudes and experience of general practitioners with generic substitution and on self-medication of the elderly in the Czech Republic. Randomized controlled trials offer us basic information about effectiveness and safety of drugs. Unfortunately these trials are not able to reveal all drug risks that can even vitally change the therapeutic value of the drug even though there is a selection of patients who enter the study and there are strict conditions for carrying out of these trials. Drug-related problems (DRPs) appear in clinical practice relatively a lot. Non-prescription of drugs that fundamentally decrease mortality, inappropriate drug prescription from the point of view of age or comorbidities, treatment duplicity or non-compliance risk belong among these DRPs. The target of this study was to...
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The Role of the Medical Assessment Service in the Social Security System
Čevela, Rostislav ; Zikmundová, Květuše (advisor) ; Seifert, Bohumil (referee) ; Vurm, Vladimir (referee)
Medical Assessment Service significantly influences expenses of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (MoLSA). Medical Assessment Service (MAS) provides assessment of state of health for benefits where a claim is derived from unfavourable health conditions (or together with other unfavourable conditions such as a social situation, financial situation, insurance participation etc.) Impact of MAS activity is of a volume of 100 miliards of CZK annually from the state budget. Passed reorganization of MAS did not solve the biggest problem and it is permanent lack of superior workers. This problem brings poor quality and efficiency of its activity. Changes in organization of MAS which will lead to solving of these problems will also lead to better quality of assessments which will be positively reflected not only in strenghtening of assurance of assessed people but also in expenses for benefits. The survey of doctors opinion about Assessment Service has shown that it is necessary to improve perception of Assessment Service . It is perceived by medical public as not very prestigious, with a lot of paperwork and with no connection with clinical medicine. Most of asked doctors said that they would not be able to work without Assessment Service cooperation. The most important incentive that would enhance interest...
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Management of Helicobacter pylori infection and dyspepsia in primary care
Seifert, Bohumil ; Bencko, Vladimír (advisor) ; Holčík, Jan (referee) ; Hep, Aleš (referee)
This thesis is devoted to dyspepsia and Helicobacter pylori infection, both significant issues for primary care. Various epidemiological and clinical studies from primary care are described. Current scientific opinions on dyspepsia and Helicobacter pylori infection important for optimal primary care management are presented. The critical interest of the author is in the severity of complaints and assessment of the individual risk of organic disease in patients presenting dyspepsia in primary care. In another study the author contributes to understanding and mutual cooperation between gastroenterologists and primary care physicians. The thesis concludes with practical guidelines, created as a result of interdisciplinary cooperation..
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