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Utilization of anticoagulants in the Czech Republic and the neighbouring countries of Central and Eastern Europe during 2007-2019
Šťastná Koblihová, Helena ; Malá, Kateřina (advisor) ; Rejmanová, Anna (referee)
Utilization of anticoagulants in the Czech Republic and the neigbouring countries of Central and Eastern Europe during 2007-2019 Supervisor: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Author: Mgr. Helena Šťastná Koblihová Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Background and aim: Anticoagulants are widely used drugs especially indicated for the venous thromboembolism and atrial fibrillation. Increasing incidence of these diseases can be associated with an increasing trend in the utilization of anticoagulants. So far, there have been published studies focused mainly on the situation in the Western world, however data on the utilization of anticoagulants in Central and Eastern Europe has been rather lacking. The aim of this study was to analyze the utilization of anticoagulants in the Czech Republic (CR), Croatia, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia during 2007−2019. Methods: A retrospective utilization analysis was performed using the ATC/DDD methodology according to the WHO Collaborating Center for Drug Statistics Methodology. Drugs from the group B01AA (vitamin K antagonists), B01AB (heparins), B01AE (direct thrombin inhibitors), B01AF (direct factor Xa inhibitors) and B01AX (other anticoagulants, antithrombotics) were included in the analysis. The first...
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Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility XIV
Newaldová, Sandra ; Doseděl, Martin (advisor) ; Rejmanová, Anna (referee)
Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility XIV. Author: Sandra Newaldová Tutor: PharmDr. Martin Doseděl, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction: Medication errors are one of the causes of adverse events in healthcare facilities, leading to patient endangerment or harm. A study looking at this issue reports that the most common errors occur when a nurse administers medicines in a healthcare facility. Aim: The aim of the thesis is to monitor medication errors of nurses during the preparation and administration of medication to patients and to analyse the prevalence of medication errors, determine their type, their relationship to other influencing factors, and their severity with respect to the patient's condition. Methods: Prospective observational study with direct observation method, conducted in a specialized medical rehabilitation facility. The study included two pre- and post- intervention phases in which nurses' medication and procedural errors were monitored, analysed and evaluated. Observations were conducted in each phase over three days each time during morning, midday and evening administration. The results were analysed in programs Microsoft Excel and Wolfram Mathematica. Results: The...
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Analysis of antibiotic administration in open appendectomies in pediatric patients.
Šugrová, Kristína ; Rejmanová, Anna (advisor) ; Šorf, Aleš (referee)
Analysis of antibiotic administration in open appendectomies in pediatric patients Author: Kristína Šugrová Tutor: PharmDr. Anna Rejmanová, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Appendicitis represents the most frequent indication to a surgical abdominal intervention in population of paediatric patients. In case of complications, such as abscess, periappendicular infiltrate or perforation with peritonitis, it can even lead to a life- threatening condition. The aim of this study was to analyse antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) in paediatric patients undergoing open appendectomy, as well as antibiotic treatment of complicated appendicitis. Another aim was to compare the administration of antibiotics (ATB) before and after the implementation of recommended hospital procedures (RHP). Subsequently, to monitor the incidence of complications and length of hospital stay and their association with ATB administration and other risk factors. Methods: An unicentric retrospective study was carried out. Patients aged ≤ 18 years who underwent an open appendectomy at the Department of Paediatric Surgery and Traumatology at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové between years 2014 and...
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Analysis of antibiotic administration in laparoscopic appendectomies in pediatric patients.
Opatovská, Tamara ; Rejmanová, Anna (advisor) ; Malá, Kateřina (referee)
Analysis of prescribing antibiotics for laparoscopic appendectomies in a paediatric patient population Author: Tamara Opatovská Supervisor: PharmDr. Anna Rejmanová, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petr Domecký Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Appendicitis is one of the most common acute diagnoses in paediatric population. Incorrect diagnosis, poorly performed antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) or treatment can lead to life-threatening complications such as perforation, peritonitis, periappendiceal infiltrate or abscess. The aim of this study was to analyse the administration of antibiotics (ATB) as a part of prophylaxis before appendectomy and as part of the therapy of complicated appendicitis in the paediatric population and to compare the obtained results. Specifically, 2 periods were compared - before and after the introduction of the recommended hospital procedure (RHP; 22. 06. 2017). The partial goal of the study was to identify factors that influenced the occurrence of complications and length of hospitalization in the monitored population. Methods: An unicentric retrospective study took place at the Clinic od paediatric surgery and traumatology at the University hospital Hradec Králové. Data were collected from...
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Analysis of antibiotic administration in prophylaxis VII.
Kalabisová, Věra ; Rejmanová, Anna (advisor) ; Šorf, Aleš (referee)
Analysis of antibiotic administration in prophylaxis VII Author: Věra Kalabisová Tutor: PharmDr. Anna Rejmanová, Ph.D. Consultant: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social andClinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Preventive measures play an important role in minimizing the risk of surgical site infection (SSI). One of these measures is antibiotic prophylaxis (AP), thus the administration of an appropriate antibiotic or antibacterial chemotherapy (ATB) at the prescribed time, in sufficient dose and for sufficient duration to produce the desired effect. The aim of this study was to analyze the antibiotic administration in prophylaxis in relation to surgical procedures in a district type hospital and to compare these results with the hospital's recommended practice (DPNM), international recommended practices (ASHP-G) and a review of the latest scientific knowledge in this area (NVP). The results obtained were further compared with the results of a previous study that assessed the adherence rate to ASHP-G and NVP before the implementation of the hospital's recommended practice. Methods: In the cross-sectional observational study, data collection was performed between 8th and 16th July 2021 on a cohort of patients aged ≥ 18 years...
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Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients II
Szikorová, Nikola ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Rejmanová, Anna (referee)
Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients II Author: Nikola Szikorová Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objectives: Falls are one of the most common problems of hospitalized patients. Their occurrence is associated with many problems and therefore should be avoided. Effective prevention involves analyzing risk factors and implementing interventions to minimize these risks. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of drugs and other risk factors on the fall of hospitalized patients. Methods: Data was collected from April to December 2017 in 4 hospitals in South Bohemia. Only patients who had fallen during hospitalization participated in the study. An online database was created for the study to collect patient data (personal history, medications used, laboratory values and others). Population and individual fall risk-increasing drugs were analyzed. For each individual fall risk-increasing drug, the type of drug problem that could have been the cause of a fall was classified. Risk minimization interventions have been assigned to each drug problem. In addition to fall risk-increasing drug analysis, other risk factors that increased the risk...
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Pulse Check in Pharmacies III
Vasilišinová, Ivana ; Rejmanová, Anna (advisor) ; Mareček, Aleš (referee)
Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Pulse check in pharmacies III Author: Ivana Vasilišinová Supervisor: PharmDr. Anna Rejmanová, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia. It is often asymptomatic. If left untreated, the patient is at significant risk of complications, especially of ischemic stroke (IS) and heart failure. These complications can be effectively prevented by early detection of AF and initiation of treatment. Population screening activities performed at pharmacies could serve as an useful tool for detection of latent arrhythmias. Objective: The aim of this diploma thesis was to analyze the heart rate, blood pressure, selected symptoms and risk factors for IS in real patient population and to raise their awareness in the field of heart rate monitoring. Methodology: The measurement took place in a public pharmacy at an outpatient clinic in Prague during the one-day campaign "Pharmacy Day" (18/6/2020) and subsequent data collection (12/2020-02/2021). During this time, education in atrial fibrillation, the heart rate and blood pressure measurement and also evaluation of the selected symptoms and risk factors for the possible future...
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Pulse Check in Pharmacies V
Zyková, Kateřina ; Rejmanová, Anna (advisor) ; Mareček, Aleš (referee)
1 Abstract Pulse check in pharmacies V Author: Kateřina Zyková Supervisor: PharmDr. Anna Rejmanová, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction: Pharmacists are in close contact with patients on daily basis and can thus be involved in the detection of several diseases including atrial fibrillation (AF), the prevalence of which is still increasing. Aim: The aim of this study was to raise awareness of the possibility and meaning of heart rate monitoring to detect dysrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation, to analyze the symptoms and risk factors of heart rhythm disorders, and to monitor blood pressure. A sub-objective was also to demonstrate the possibility of pharmacist involvement in measuring heart rate (HR) and searching for patients with previously undiagnosed heart rhythm abnormalities. Methods: The design was a prospective cross-sectional bicentric study. People aged ≥ 55 years without a history of chronic anticoagulant therapy were addressed between July 26 and August 6, 2021 at the regional hospital pharmacy, and on September 8, 2021, as part of the public awareness-raising campaign. Participants were asked about the presence of selected symptoms, associated diseases,...
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Analysis of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with osteosynthesis of proximal femur
Baťková, Anna ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Rejmanová, Anna (referee)
Analysis of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with osteosynthesis of the proximal femur Author: Anna Baťková Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Markéta Dlouhá Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: This work is part of the continuous monitoring of antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) at the Department of Traumatology, University Hospital. The aim was to analyze and compare key parameters of AP in osteosynthesis of pertrochanteric fractures with the previous investigation and the methodological guidelines of the University Hospital. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study took place from 1st April 2019 to 31st March 2020 at the Department of Traumatology at the University Hospital. AP was analyzed in 50 patients above 18 years of age and who underwent a pertrochanteric fracture of the proximal femur. Data was collected with a form, prepared in cooperation with the Department of Medical Microbiology, physicians and clinical pharmacists of the University Hospital. Information on the patient, surgery, indication of AP, selected antibiotic/chemotherapeutic (ATB) and its dose, time, route of administration, as well as the size, number and interval of administered postoperative doses and...
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SSRI Antidepressant Consumption in Czech Republic
Behrová, Júlia ; Horký, Pavel (advisor) ; Rejmanová, Anna (referee)
SSRI antidepressant consumption in Czech republic Author: Júlia Behrová Supervisor: PharmDr. Pavel Horký, PhD. Consultant: PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, Ph.D Introduction: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors increase the available amount of neurotransmitter serotonin in synapses, resulting in their antidepressant and anxiolytic effect. Objective: The objective of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the consumption of SSRI antidepressants in the Czech Republic in the period from 01. 01. 2008 - 31. 12. 2018, based on the data on consumption from the State Institute of Drug Control (SIDC). Methods: The research consisted of a retrospective analysis of the SIDC database. The study included all approved SSRI in the Czech Republic. Drug Utilization Review was used in the thesis as a methodology. Drug consumption is calculated as the number of defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants per day (DID). The data on the number of residents was acquired from the Czech Statistical Office. Descriptive statistics and ATC/DDD methodology were applied. Results: The consumption of sertraline and escitalopram increased significantly during the period under review. For sertraline, the DID increased from an initial 8.623 to 15.513, increasing consumption by 1.8 fold. The greatest increase in consumption was observed...
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