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Evolutionary rationale of manifestation of personality traits to vocal expression
Kozák, Jan ; Pivoňková, Věra (advisor) ; Havlíček, Jan (referee)
Previous research in the field of vocal expression in relation to personality variables slightly uncovered some acoustic parameters that correlate with personality characteristics in different models of personality. However, just few studies have examined antisocial personality characteristics including also Dark triad traits. The Dark triad itself is a relatively new concept that has not been studied in relation to the acoustic parameters. This explorative study examines the correlation between acoustic parameters of the voice spectrum and personality traits of Dark Triad, NEO-FFI and Self-deception. For this research were selected voice samples in the form of prolonged phonation vocals / a /, / e /, / i /, / o /, / u /, reading of text, and neutral spontaneous description. Research was attended by 66 participants who completed personality questionnaires SD3, NEO-FFI and SDQ. From an acoustic perspective were measured 21 parameters describing voice quality in software PRAAT. Data analysis revealed significant correlations between personality traits and some acoustic parameters. As an important parameters have showed HNR, jitter and shimmer. The results confirm that certain personality traits are manifested through the human voice. The actual mechanism of influences on voice in this work was only...
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Self-esteem and body image in relation to somatotypes
Kernerová, Anna ; Pivoňková, Věra (advisor) ; Hroníková, Linda (referee)
This thesis focuses on the relationship between body image and somatotypes in the young Czech student population. Previous studies have shown a relationship between body image and BMI, notwithstanding, somatotypes describe body morphology in a more detailed way. Somatotypes describe the amount of body fat (endomorphy), the amount of muscle mass and the robustness of bones (mesomorphy), and the length of arms and legs relative to the rest of the body (ectomorphy). Seventy-one women and seventy men participated in our study. They completed a battery of questionnaires (The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire; The Body Figure Scale of Dosedlová et al., 2008; Rosengerg's self-esteem scale; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - T; and Beck's Depression Inventory - II). Then they underwent an anthropometric measure of somatotype components (endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy) according to Carter and Heath's anthropometric method and were assigned to a certain somatotype. In our sample, there were 5 somatotypes in men (endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorphic mesomorph, mesomorph-ectomorph and ectomorph) and 6 somatotypes in women (endomorph, endomorph- mesomoroph, mesomorph, mesomorph-ectomorph, ectomorph and the central type). The questionnaires' scores were then statistically compared between...
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Relation between Physical Attractiveness and Grooming"
Marečková, Jana ; Rubešová, Anna (advisor) ; Pivoňková, Věra (referee)
Physical attractiveness plays an important role in many aspects of our lives. The aim of this study is to reveal what is the correlation between rating of physical attractiveness made by oneself and by others, and personal grooming. The relation between self-rating of overall physical attractiveness and its rating made by others (using photographs) and connection between these ratings and personal grooming were examined on the basis of a heterogeneous sample of 43 women and 32 men. These ratings of overall attractiveness, face attractiveness and body attractiveness were provided by 34 judges (each time 17 males and 17 females) different for every variable. Our results showed a positive relation between participant's self-rating of overall physical attractiveness and its rating made by others. Further analyses proved that rating of overall physical attractiveness was positively associated both with facial and body attractiveness for both sexes. With regard to women, a correlation between self-rating of physical attractiveness and reduced care of body shape and eyebrow was revealed; regarding men, self-rating correlated with reduced care of body shape, hair, fingernails and less care for outfit was shown. Concerning female participants, no relation between rating of overall physical attractiveness...
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