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Belief in jinns and jinn possession in Islam
Khodari, Annette-Marie ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (advisor) ; Chlup, Radek (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the phenomenon of jinn in Islam and the possession by jinn. It seeks to present the different ways in which the possession by jinn can function within specific cultural contexts as a form of communication. The phenomenon of jinn affects the lives of Muslim communities and their members in the social and religious spheres. The thesis first introduces these beings within an Islamic cosmology. It summarizes their specific characteristics, the places where they are most commonly found, and the ways in which they are referred to in the Qur'an and other Islamic sources. Jinn are invisible but mortal beings who have been endowed by God with free will just like humans. How the free will of both beings has a significant impact on their relationships with each other is discussed in subsection 2.2 Free Will of Intelligent Beings and section 2.2.1 Free Will in the Relationship between Jinn and Humans. Here it is explained how and why human possession by a jinn can occur. Before the three main anthropological researches on which the thesis is based are presented in subsection 3.3 Areas of Research, the entirety of Chapter 3. Possession as a Warning Signals is dedicated to the ways in which the worlds of jinn and humans may intersect. Furthermore, what the safe boundaries of the...
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Jinn and their Position in Islam
Jirka, Daniel ; Vitásková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (referee)
The topic of my thesis are jinn - supernatural beings typical for some communities in the world of Islam. In the Introduction the main objectives of my thesis are set: What is the role of jinn in the Muslim society? And why are they a subject of Islam? At the beginning of the work a comparison is given of the jinn and the other types of rational beings, in order to distinguish them from the later and show what it is to make them unique for the Quran. In the next part we will find a classification of the jinn and a comment on what is the purpose of such classification. The main part of the work is interested in the phenomenon of jinn possession. Examples are given from the anthropological researches and statistic data are mentioned. Then a discussion of the explanation of the jinn possession by authors of these researches is provided. Then follows an important chapter "Jinn possession as form of communication in the society" which occupies itself with marital therapy and healing rituals and also with some more general impact. In the Conclusion the answer is provided for the questions from the Introduction. The phenomenon is explained as a complex of learned social behaviour, "a game" if you want, which enables to strengthen the relationships within the society. Special channel is open for...
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The Veneration of Saints and Their Graves in Muslim India of Premughal and Mughal Period
Kružík, Jakub ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (referee)
This thesis handles a topic of veneration of Muslim saints and their graves with emphasis on the area of Central India in Medieval period. In the first part of the thesis a process of spreading of Islam to Deccan is described and a role of sufis in it. The second part is dedicated to the concept of saints in Islam as a whole and in regard to Indian context. The third part is an introduction of the bhaktic movement of Sants in which I try to demostrate its similarities with Sufism. The shared theme of those tradition is similar concept of sanctity of persons and a their approach to the veneration of saints. Key words Saints, Veneration of Saints, Islam, Sufism, Islamic mysticism
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Ramadan: Ritual Fasting in Theory and Practice
Drewsová, Zuzana ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar in which the Quran was revealed to Muhammad. During this month, many Muslims all over the world fast as they are commanded by the fourth pillar of the Islamic faith. They often behave more piously, pray more, practice charity, study the Islamic tradition, and generally engage more in the spiritual aspects of life. The thesis is divided into two parts. The aim of the first part is to describe Ramadan according to the most widespread views of scholars. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to specific examples of celebrations of Ramadan in Java, Saudi Arabia, and to the women's celebrations in Morocco. Finally, on the basis of analysing anthropological and ethnographical texts, the thesis shall result in a comparison, highlighting the most important aspect of Ramadan, on which the traditions agree.
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Whom do Muslim female converts trust? Informational sources of young female Muslim converts from Prague and their ways of discovering the new religion
Popovová, Klára ; Ostřanský, Bronislav (advisor) ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (referee)
DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE Komu věří české konvertitky? Zdroje informací mladých pražských konvertitek k islámu Bc. Klára Popovová English Abstract At present, Islam is a hotly debated issue in the Czech society; however, we still know very little about our own Muslim minority and academic studies only started to focus on it in the last few years. Apart from native Muslims, several hundred converts to Islam live in the Czech Republic. These people discovered their religion as adults and have not been brought up with it. Where do women who have decided to become Muslims look for information and on what basis do they trust their sources? Apart from the above-mentioned questions, this thesis discusses other topics related to conversion of women to Islam, be it their motivation to convert or the response of their families and friends. The main contribution of this thesis consists of original quantitative research in which fifteen young women converts to Islam living in Prague took part. This sample provides an interesting insight into the lives of several Czech Muslim women and also a starting point for further, more complex research. From the respondents' answers, it is evident that the Internet, social networks, and information exchange between Czech Muslim women play an important part. More traditional sources, such as...
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Analysis of Feminist Interpretation of the Qur'an
Molčányiová, Lucia ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyze quranic feminist interpretation focusing on controversial verse 4:34. We attempt to demonstrate the way islamic feminist exegets deal with the key concepts of this verse mostly notion of male authority (qiwwama and faddala), female obedience (qanitat) and disobedience (nushuz) and wife beating (idribuhunna) through the islamic feminist hermeneutical principles mainly contextual, holistic and through reexamination of terminology. Particular arguments, approaches and interpretative manoeuvres of feminist Qurʼanic exegesis aiming to legitimize gender egalitarian reading of the Qurʼan and challenging centuries of andocentric exegetical tradition will be examined.
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Conversion of Iran to Shiite Islam
Horňák, Milan ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
The subject of this paper is the conversion of the Iranian area to Shi'a Islam. This conversion took place under the patronage of the Safavid dynasty in the period between the years 1501 and 1736. I deal primarily with individual religious groups which did not have the support of the state in this period. On these I demonstrate the way Iranian diverse religious scene changed from a Sunni one with many heterodox and unislamic groups to a centralized polity with a Shi'ite identity. There was a great difference between the two Safavid centuries. In the 16th the kings focused on building a Shi'ite identity for their lands while keeping their own messianic role. That was detrimental mainly for Sunnis, Sufi orders, and other Shi'ite groups. Contrarily, in the 17th centrury the Shi'ite identity was well rooted and only politically motivated movements of Christian population took place. In the very end of Safavid rule, in a time of decline, a class of influential clerics tried to unite the population under Shi'ite Islam and instigated another wave of persecutions targeting this time Sunnis and non-Islamic minorities. During the whole Safavid period the heterodox Islam of the original Safavid Sufi order declined, since their chiliasm was over time neutralized.
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Jinn and their Position in Islam
Jirka, Daniel ; Vitásková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (referee)
The topic of my thesis are jinn - supernatural beings typical for some communities in the world of Islam. In the Introduction the main objectives of my thesis are set: What is the role of jinn in the Muslim society? And why are they a subject of Islam? At the beginning of the work a comparison is given of the jinn and the other types of rational beings, in order to distinguish them from the later and show what it is to make them unique for the Quran. In the next part we will find a classification of the jinn and a comment on what is the purpose of such classification. The main part of the work is interested in the phenomenon of jinn possession. Examples are given from the anthropological researches and statistic data are mentioned. Then a discussion of the explanation of the jinn possession by authors of these researches is provided. Then follows an important chapter "Jinn possession as form of communication in the society" which occupies itself with marital therapy and healing rituals and also with some more general impact. In the Conclusion the answer is provided for the questions from the Introduction. The phenomenon is explained as a complex of learned social behaviour, "a game" if you want, which enables to strengthen the relationships within the society. Special channel is open for...
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Religion and Society in the Quran and Their Relationship to Pre-Islamic Arabia
Oudová Holcátová, Barbara ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Ťupek, Pavel (referee)
My goal in this thesis is to concentrate on the origins of Islam as we can understand it from the Quran itself, without using other, later sources. At the same time, I am interested in the relationship between pre-Islamic Arabia and early Islam. My method will be based primarily on Mary Douglas and her grid- group analysis. This British anthropologist attempted to analyse different social situations, in which various systems of understanding the world are formulated, using the parameters of "group" (the degree to which the borders of a group are defined) and "grid" (the number of rules by which an individual is controlled). These two parameters then made it possible for her to classify different cosmologies according to their ideas and their social reality. Applying this method, I will attempt to extract from the Quran - not primarily a narrative text - a description of the change of early Muslims' social situation and development of their religious ideas which is connected to it, and I will attempt to use Mary Douglas' anthropology to explain how such a transformation happened and could happen. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Queen of Sheba in the Old Testament and in the Quran
Oudová Holcátová, Barbara ; Mikulicová, Mlada (advisor) ; Hřebík, Josef (referee)
The Queen of Sheba in the Old Testament and in the Quran Abstract: The story of the Queen of Sheba originally appears in the Bible in the book of Kings, and is repeated almost verbatim in the book of Chronicles. We see a much extended version of it in the Quran, and later, it was embellished by not only Jewish and Muslim writers, but also the Ethiopians and western Christians, as well as earning its place in folklore. This work attempts to analyze the accounts in the Bible and the Quran and show their similarities and differences, as well as offer such an interpretation of the story that could be interesting for a contemporary reader of the Holy Scriptures. I will also look into the problem of the Queen's historicity and endeavour to show possible ways in which questions about her could be answered. To this end, I will be using both traditional Biblical and Quranic commentaries and works of more unorthodox academics. Key words: Old Testament, the Books of Kings, Quran, Solomon, Women in OT, Wisdom
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