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Design of a steel pipe dril
Montag, Jakub ; Dočkal, Kryštof (referee) ; Ranuša, Matúš (advisor)
The goal of this work is to create a drill that can drill into steel pipes. Part of the work is designing the drill in a way, that drilling into the pipes is as easy as possible. The output is a drawing documentation that can be used to make a prototype. The designed drill will enable faster, more accurate and safer drilling into steel pipes for mass production.
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Intellectual Property Protection for Startups: A Law and Economics Perspective
Vaverka, Tomáš ; Montag, Josef (advisor) ; Šoltés, Michal (referee)
Intellectual Property Protection for Startups: A Law and Economics Perspective Abstract This thesis examines the appropriability methods used by startups to appropriate returns from their innovation. The theoretical part of this work delves into the classical law and economics theory of intellectual property, scrutinizing the intricate balance between incentivizing innovation and enabling broader access to knowledge. It also examines critiques of the intellectual property system and explores alternative incentive mechanisms. Additionally, an analysis of the fundamental attributes of selected intellectual property rights is provided. This evaluation considers the legal frameworks of both the United States and the European Union, along with the corresponding theories in the field of law and economics. The subsequent literature review presents a comprehensive analysis of the existing body of knowledge based on empirical studies of appropriability methods used by startups. In the empirical part of this thesis, the results obtained from research conducted on the importance of appropriability strategies utilized by seventeen Czech software startups are presented. It becomes evident that these startups place significant emphasis on informal appropriability methods, notably leveraging complementary assets and first...
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The efficiency of enforcement of anti-covid measures
Bouz, David ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Montag, Josef (referee)
1 The Efficiency of Enforcement of Anti-covid Measures Abstract This thesis evaluates the efficiency of the enforcement of anti-epidemic measures during the covid-19 pandemic in years 2020 to 2022. Although the Czech Republic had managed the first wave of the outbreak in spring 2020 in an exemplary manner, it later showed one of the highest increases in new infection cases relative to population worldwide, as well as a rather high number of excess deaths. Why did the country become one of the most affected regions during the pandemic, even though the anti-covid measures were similar to those in other countries? One possible explanation could stem from the insufficient enforcement of existing anti-epidemic measures by governmental authorities. Based on the data provided by the administrative and police authorities in the territory of Prague for the period between March 2020 and May 2022, this thesis describes the real-life practice in terms of inspections, offence proceedings and subsequent sanctions for violations of anti-epidemic measures. The conclusions are supported by other publicly available information as well. The thesis then undertakes an analysis of the enforcement of anti-epidemic measures through the lens of the economics of crime and G. Becker's rational choice theory. The thesis concludes that...
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Smart materials application in hydraulic systems
Montag, Jakub ; Klapka, Milan (referee) ; Kubík, Michal (advisor)
This thesis deals with the application of smart materials in hydraulic systems. In the first part, the hydraulic systems themselves and smart materials are described. This is followed by specific smart materials, where the principle of function, in which fields they can be found, applications in hydraulic systems and their advantages and disadvantages are described. Finally, the materials are summarised and compared with each other.
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Design of a steel pipe dril
Montag, Jakub ; Dočkal, Kryštof (referee) ; Ranuša, Matúš (advisor)
The goal of this work is to create a drill that can drill into steel pipes. Part of the work is designing the drill in a way, that drilling into the pipes is as easy as possible. The output is a drawing documentation that can be used to make a prototype. The designed drill will enable faster, more accurate and safer drilling into steel pipes for mass production.
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The Protection of Privacy on the Internet: a Law and Economics Perspective
Blatt, Patrik ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Montag, Josef (referee)
The Protection of Privacy on the Internet: a Law and Economics Perspective Abstract The topic of this thesis is protection of privacy on the Internet, further narrowed down to the matter of granting consent to store and process cookies and looking at it specifically from the perspective of law and economics. The aim of this paper is to answer the question of whether the current legislation of granting permission to process cookies is sufficient and user-friendly. To answer this question, the thesis was based on interpretation of the results of a survey about using cookies, conducted on selected Czech websites, namely those of central authorities of the Czech Republic, Czech news portals and Czech online shopping stores. Furthermore, the thesis proposes specific changes within current legislation of processing cookies. Because of the transposition of Directive on privacy and electronic communications into the legal order of the Czech Republic, the policy of granting consent to the storing and processing of personal data has changed from the original opt-out policy to the current opt-in policy. The current opt-in policy requires a preceding user's consent. In this thesis, I conclude that applying this opt-in policy has lowered the user-friendly settings and that it did not lead to any improvement of...
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Způsobila alkoholová prohibice pokles počtu dopravních nehod spáchaných řidiči pod vlivem alkoholu?
Brabenec, Tomáš ; Montag, Josef (advisor) ; Potužák, Pavel (referee)
This paper tries to find out whether a short ban on sales of liquors reduced the harmful use of alcohol with respect to motor vehicle accidents. I make use of short (two weeks) alcohol prohibition which was imposed by the Ministry of Health Care in the Czech Republic in September 2012 aiming to stop the deadly wave of methanol poisoning. To estimate the effect of prohibition on the number of road traffic accidents, I exploit the methodology of differences-in-differences. I use daily data about traffic accidents from the Czech Republic (treatment group) and from neighboring countries such as Austria, Germany and Poland (control group). The result suggests that there is no significant drop in term of road traffic accidents.
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The Point system and its impact on the number of fatal traffic accidents
Montag, J. ; Zapletalová, Lucie
This study summarises the results of a quantitative assessment of the impact of the points system, introduced in 2006, on the number of fatal traffic accidents in the Czech Republic. The introduction of the points system was also accompanied by legal changes that raised fines for traffic offences and broadened the transport police's powers. Initially, the number of fatal accidents dropped sharply. Injuries were reduced by 33.3%, which with 95% certainty represents between 51 and 204 lives saved. However, beyond the first year, the new law had no noticeable impact on the number of fatal accidents. Our findings indicate that the reform's negligible impact in the long term was caused by a gradual decline in resources dedicated to traffic police services in the field. Exaggerated expectations very likely contributed to the reform's significant short-term impact, as people over-estimated the possible sanctions they would face with the introduction of the new law, and drove carefully for a few weeks. Over time, they adapted their behaviour to meet the real level of monitoring and enforcement of the new rules, which was in fact low and becoming even lower. The number of fatal accidents thus returned to its original level.
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Vliv cen na rozsah krádeží drahých kovů v ČR
Brabenec, Tomáš ; Montag, Josef (advisor) ; Zajíček, Miroslav (referee)
This paper estimates the elasticity of supply-of-offences with respect to the gains from crime. Previous studies have uncovered little evidence because standardly used proxies for gains from crime such as average income suffer substantial problems. They are slightly variable and/or may represent the opportunity cost of crime at the same time. This paper uses higly fluctuating world prices on non-ferrous metals as proxy for the gains from crime. Using monthly data about metal thefts in the Czech Republic for years 2003-2009 estimates elasticity of supply-of-offences. The estimated elasticity with respect to copper price are around 0,6.
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Diskriminace na trhu práce v České republice podle pohlaví
Mikešová, Veronika ; Montag, Josef (advisor) ; Stočková, Olga (referee)
Tato práce se zabývá diskriminací podle pohlaví na trhu práce a pozici žen českém trhu práce. Příčiny diskriminace žen podle ekonomických teorií jako jsou teorie diskriminačních preferencí, statistická diskriminace a diskriminující monopson jsou diskriminační preference spotřebitelů a zaměstnavatelů, nižší elasticita nabídky práce žen nebo genderové stereotypy. Nižší průměrná mzda žen může být dále vysvětlena menším akumulovaným lidským kapitálem žen, menším zastoupením žen v rizikových profesích, kde je riziko kompenzováno vyšší mzdou a také pracovní segregací podle pohlaví. Hlavní způsoby odstranění nerovného postavení žen na trhu práce jsou překonávání genderových stereotypů, kombinace práce a rodiny, flexibilní formy zaměstnání, státní politiky, ale také konkurenční trhy a ekonomický růst.
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