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Characterization and utilization of feacal microflora components in experimental models of human civilisation diseases
Šrůtková, Dagmar ; Kozáková, Hana (advisor) ; Prokešová, Ludmila (referee) ; Mihál, Vladimír (referee)
Interaction between intestinal microbiota and host mucosal immune system plays crucial role in maintenance of mucosal homeostasis. Dysbiosis, altered composition of microbial communities, has been shown to be associated with life-style diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or allergies. In this regard, probiotics are valuable tool for the improvement of gut microbiota disbalance and proper stimulation of the immune system. In this thesis we focused on taxonomical classification of Bifidobacterium longum human origin strains by PCR-based methods, in vitro characterization of immunomodulatory properties of selected Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains and evaluation of the beneficial effect of selected bacterial strains in IBD and allergy experimental mouse models. We investigated four different PCR-based methods and biochemical analysis for the taxonomical classification of twenty-eight B. longum isolates from the healthy human faeces. The Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis was the only method to be able to differentiate the analyzed strains into the B. longum/infantis subspecies. We showed that the analyzed immunostimulatory properties of bifidobacterial strains are strictly strain-specific. In a mouse model of acute ulcerative colitis, we have demonstrated that...
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Impact of Probiotic Bacteria on Allergic Sensitization in Type I Allergy Model
Schwarzer, Martin ; Kozáková, Hana (advisor) ; Prokešová, Ludmila (referee) ; Nevoral, Jiří (referee)
The main goal in reversing the allergy epidemic is the development of effective prophylactic strategies. Early life events, such as exposures to microbes, have a major influence on the development of balanced immune responses. Due to their ability to interact with host immune system and to modulate host immune responses probiotics, mainly bifidobacteria and lactobacilli have been used with some success in prevention of allergic disease. In order to be referred to as probiotic, bacterial strain has to undergo rigorous testing. We have selected three new Lactobacillus (L.) strains out of 24 human isolates according to their antagonistic activity against pathogenic bacteria, resistance to low pH and milieu of bile salts. Safety of these strains was proven upon intragastric administration to mice; moreover, we have shown their ability to shift cytokine Th1 - Th2 balance towards non-allergic Th1 response in isolated splenic cells. Allergen specific prophylaxis using probiotics as vehicles for mucosal delivery of recombinant allergen is an attractive concept for development of well-tolerated and effective allergy vaccines. We have shown that neonatal mono-colonization of germ-free mice with the L. plantarum NCIMB8826 strain producing the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 attenuates the development of...
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Gut microbiome and colorectal cancer
Tlaskalová-Hogenová, Helena ; Klimešová, Klára ; Zákostelská, Zuzana ; Kverka, Miloslav ; Hornová, Michaela ; Vannucci, Luca ; Štěpánková, Renata ; Hudcovic, Tomáš ; Kozáková, Hana ; Rossmann, Pavel
The work deals with metagenomic approaches that are currently being used to decipher the genome of the microbiota (microbiome), and, in parallel, functional studies are being performed to analyze the effects of microbiota on the host.
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