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Usage of Marketing for Improving Competitiveness of Company
Kurowská, Monika ; Komárková, Martina (referee) ; Zich, Robert (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with proposal of activities impoving competitiveness of the company Infinit in providing wellness stays, with a specific focus on the website of the company. The theoretical part is devoted to the competition, competitiveness, marketing and methods of marketing analysis. The practical part examines the business of the company, analyses its internal and external environment and proposes appropriate measures aimed at increasing competitiveness and will use for furure development of the company.
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Perception of the human disturbance by ungulates in the wild and in the captivity
Šťastná, Tereza ; Komárková, Martina (advisor) ; Frýdlová, Petra (referee)
The relationship between ungulates and humans has been evolving ever since the first predator's interaction with the prey, leading to the current domestication. The behavior of ungulates differs based on the human disturbance. The goal of this thesis was to compare the reactivity to humans of selected species in nature vs. in captivity and determine its correlation, inter or intraspecific. The thesis indicates reactivity to humans of specific species of ungulates (donkeys, horses, reindeers and goats). Following reactions were chosen for comparison: vigilance, alert distance, flight and avoidance distance. There are several acting factors like previous experience with humans, habituation, group size or season. With group size, the vigilance decreased, which was proven with donkeys, reindeers and goats. The behavior differed based on the season by resources availability, offspring's presence in herd (higher vigilance) or rut (lower vigilance). In captivity, there were less human contact avoidance, while the experimenter was known. Based on researches, ungulates tend to avoid humans more in nature, than in captivity. Sources claim, that among chosen ungulates, the most vigilant in both nature and captivity are reindeers. Further researches could later consider the human perception according to the...
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The acoustic detection of potential predator in domestic horse (Equus caballus)
Vidimská, Tereza ; Komárková, Martina (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
Equidae belong to a group of large herbivores, which survival in natural environment depends beside others on their capability of fast predator recognition and detection. They can sensually recognise a possible threat in advance and react by immediate escape, which increases their survival. Also domestic horses still show very sensitive reaction to sudden (unexpected) stimuli. So we assume, that the ability to detect predator immediately is conserved despite of the long domestication process. The supportive indirect evidence is given by the successful breeding of the feral herds all over the world. However, studies showing the direct reaction of domestic horse toward the canids (as the most common predators), are still absent. Aim of the work was to find, if the horses (Equus caballus) could recognize acoustic sign of dogs like predators and if they could recognize the level of potential threat according to the number of predators, similarly as their wild ancestors. The recordings of barking of big dog breeds were obtained and modified. The final recording contained the set of barking coming from one individual or three different. The recording was played to the experimental horses, under controlled conditions, together with white sound as a control. The reactions were recorded. Altogether 12...
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GPS telemetry and activity measurement focused on even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla)
Peterka, Tomáš ; Bartoš, Luděk (advisor) ; Komárková, Martina (referee)
GPS telemetry is a recently expanding method for research on most animal species. It provides automatical scanning of position and related data on large distances and often on large temporal scale. The research studies has changed dramatically during the development of this method. Experiments using this technology deal with scanning of incidence, management and species conservation, activity pattern of controlled animals, estimation of behavior in various scales and so on. Activity sensors which are often included to GPS collars serve for determination of behavior of monitored species. In this thesis there are summarized basics of VHF and GPS technology. In available articles of great terrestrial mammals like even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla) and marginally also bears (Ursidae) we show possible application of GPS technology for activity measurement, methods, restrictions and results of experiments. At the end we introduce experimental approach for activity measurement of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and results of the pilot study.
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Signaling between ungulates and their predators, depending on the degree of predation pressure
Vidimská, Tereza ; Komárková, Martina (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
The Equids are large grazers inhabiting the savannah and prairies throughout the world. They have two types of social organization, the harem or the territorial, depending on the natural environment where they live. Main predators are the large felids and canids, especially these hunting together in packs. Historically humans were also the important hunters, based on the rich archeological evidence. Fast escape is the primary antipredation strategy of equids. This strategy is supported by many morphological, anatomical and behavioral adaptations. The body construction allows them to flee immediately and to run for a long distance. Their senses are evolved extraordinary as well, primarily the olfactory and vision. The early predator detection, enhanced by the broad interspecies communication, significantly increases the chance of horses, zebras and asses for successful survival.
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Early ontogeny of mother offspring bonding in Bovinae
Staňková, Helena ; Komárková, Martina (advisor) ; Jůnková, Pavla (referee)
The aim of this thesis is, based on the literature, to study the origin, characters and duration of social bonds between the mother and her offspring in Bovinae. The emphasis was given on the specifics of the behaviour related to birth and ecological differences between species. The explored group covers medium and large Artiodactyla living in groups. Many of them were domesticated, and they live in specific conditions so their behaviour may differ. The strongest bond is between the mother and her offspring. This bond is essential for the young, which is completely dependent on the maternal care. Maternal behaviour may be observed few days before parturition, but the most visible sign is maternal separation from the herd to secure exclusive interaction with own offspring. Mother learns to recognize her offspring after parturition, primarily by smell, also for this reason the young is licked. Suckling provides the nutrition to the calf, but also it reinforces mutual relationship. The strength of the bond is mainly dependant on the social environment, strategy of the young, it's age and other factors. The bond between the mother and her offspring differs according to the species, in the duration and in a way of termination. This topic is nowadays only poorly understood and needs further research.
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Numerical competence in primates
Rejlová, Markéta ; Nekovářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Komárková, Martina (referee)
Numerical competences include the number of abilities as representation of the quantity and transformations or operations with quantity. Many species of animals can use these abilities for example during searching for food, sexual partners and also for detection of number of competitors or predators. Numerical abilities such as counting or estimating quantity can increase the chance of survival and reproduction. In this work, I summarize some previous studies of numerical competences in primates and humans and I also mention experiments in other species. I divide the competences into chapters: estimating of the numbers (relative and absolute), counting, summation, conservation of quantity, proportion, ordinality and transitivity. The aim of this study was to study the ability of macaques (Macaca mulatta) to distinguish between the quantities of two sets. In the following part of experiment I observed the preference of monkeys for size or the number of stimuli. This preference was studied also in children. The results confirm the ability of relative numerousness judgment of monkeys. The results demonstrate that with increasing difference of quantity between the two sets the ability of distinguish between the two quantities also increase. Other experiment studied preference of larger number of...
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