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The OSS in Vietnam during the Second World War
Do, Phuong Thuy ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Pondělíček, Jiří (referee)
The United States engagement in Vietnam began during the Second World War. With military bases established in China, the U.S. took part in fighting the Japanese troops in the Pacific theatre. When France surrendered to Nazi Germany in 1940, Japan would take over the French Indochina and the war would spread to Vietnam as well. In order to collect intelligence on Japanese targets, the Americans needed to operate secret services on the ground. After the Japanese coup de main in 1945, they would eventually partner with Ho Chi Minh and his organization Viet Minh. The Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the wartime predecessor of the CIA, provided intelligence training and equipment, while the Viet Minh would assist with valuable information on Japanese troops. To some extent, the OSS helped Ho Chi Minh and Viet Minh accede to power in Vietnam after the war.
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American Involvement in Vietnam during the Presidency of Dwinght D. Eisenhower
Do, Phuong Thuy ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
American journey to the Vietnam War began in the 1950s, when the US decided to stand beside France in the fight against the Viet Minh led by Ho Chi Minh. In 1954, the United States refused to take an intervention to assist the French in the battle of Dien Bien Phu. French troops lost the battle and started their withdrawal from the region, where the United States gradually fully replaced them. After the division of the country by the 17th parallel Washington began to build an independent democratic state in South Vietnam, which would be an ally of the West in the fight against communism. CIA agents, however, failed to put someone competent in the lead of the country, who would promote the necessary reforms and gain the respect of the population. Eisenhower's successors then inherited the American engagement in the region. The conflict in Vietnam escalated further until it converted into the Second Indochina War.
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