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Role of enterovirus and adenovirus infection in the pathogenesis of celiac disease
Chudá, Kateřina ; Cinek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kverka, Miloslav (referee)
Celiac disease, a chronic immune-mediated disorder of the small intestine, manifests in a fraction of individuals with genetic predispositions consuming gluten. Environmental factors play an essential role in its triggering. The environmental stimuli may include dietary factors, infections etc. Identification of specific triggers could help in celiac disease prevention. Our research project focused on common intestinal infections in infancy. We investigated adenoviruses and enteroviruses in stool specimens of children carrying a high-risk HLA genotype for celiac disease. We aimed to determine whether these infections are associated with early markers of celiac autoimmunity, and to identify virus genotypes. To distinguish multiple infections, massive parallel amplicon sequencing was utilized. During 2001-2007, nearly 50.000 Norwegian newborns were screened within the MIDIA study for the presence of the HLA DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 genotype, which is known to significantly increase the risk of celiac disease. The risk genotype was identified in 912 babies. Up to three years of children's age, monthly stool specimens were collected and archived. Blood sampling was done every three months up to the age of a year, and then annually. Periodical questionnaires on children's thrive were collected. During 2014-2016,...
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Viruses in the pathogenesis of coeliac disease
Chudá, Kateřina ; Cinek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šroller, Vojtěch (referee)
Celiac disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the small bowel. It develops in genetically susceptible individuals upon yet unknown environmental stimuli. Environmental triggers such as infections, dietary change or other "hits" are clearly required for disease development, as only a tiny fraction of genetically susceptible subjects develops celiac disease upon gluten exposure. This thesis aims to summarize the current evidence on viruses in the pathogenesis of celiac disease regarding their relevance in population or their involvement in immune processes leading to celiac disease. Rotavirus, orthoreovirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, hepatitis viruses and herpesviruses are discussed. In addition, prospective cohort studies are presented that investigate environmental triggers of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease, two diseases sharing genetic predispositions. Keywords: celiac disease, orthoreovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, prospective cohort study
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School Architecture as an Educational Concept
Chudá, Kateřina ; Voda, Jan (advisor) ; Uhlířová, Jana (referee)
What are the modern architectural trends in foreign and domestic learning enviroments? That is the main question of this thesis that is trying to merge both architectural and pedagogical points of view. Even though this topic is becoming more and more actual, it can still be hardly found in czech literature. This thesis analyses new trends in school projects and how they align to the schools educational concept. The theoretical part explains the terms of educational enviroments, educational concept and shows the main architectural trends in school designs. The analytical part presents ten foreign schools looking into the alignment between architectural concept and educational concept. In the research section nine recently built school projects are presented, eight czech and one austrian primary schools are investigated via interviews and observations. The research comes to a conclusion that according to the new changing educational reguirements, most of the examined school projects implements some new features like relaxation places for pupils and places for improving students social and personal skills. Just few of the examined architectural projects are taking into consideration the educational concept, mostly it is the educational concept that is subordinated to the school building project....
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Selected aspects of the execution proceedings
Chudá, Kateřina ; Korcová, Renata (advisor) ; Pikola, Pavel (referee)
The bachelor thesis is dealing with the problems connected with the execution proceedings. The first part is focused on defining the different types of enforcement, with emphasis on execution proceedings. The theoretical part is focused on the general definition of the execution, the analysis of the contemporary legislation and the position of a bailiff in the Czech legal order. The course of execution proceedings and subsequent characterization of its individual parts is described in other sections of the work. The end of the theoretical part includes the selected means of defense against mandatory execution. The practical part is focused on the shortcomings of execution proceedings based on the specific example of practice. The author analyzes the defects that were associated with the execution proceedings and attempts to draft a solution to prevent similar situations.
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