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How to motivate DM2 patients to lose weight
Hoffmannová, Gabriela ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
The disease diabetes mellitus is reaching an alarming level worldwide and its prevalence is rising sharply every year. The Czech Republic has over a million patients with this disease. This is a major societal problem, where the costs of diabetes treatment, especially for the treatment of complications, are skyrocketing and burdening the economy. Therefore, we must look for ways to motivate patients to reduce weight, which can also lead to disease remission, better compensations, and a reduction in the development of complications in individual patients. People often know about a healthy diet and the need for physical activity, yet they often struggle with reducing their weight. The aim of this work was to find out how we can motivate patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to lose weight. In view of the development of motivational interviews when working with behaviour change in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a hypothesis was established: An appropriate individualized motivational interview can positively influence the motivation to reduce weight in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To fulfil the goal of this work, both quantitative and qualitative research was chosen in order to use the strengths of both methodological approaches as much as possible. Quantitative based on an online...
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Dietary habits and their influence on compensation of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes
Mlejnková, Klára ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
Introduction: This bachelor thesis deals with the dietary habits of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes before and during pregnancy with regard to the diabetes control. It then points the changes in these habits that occurred during pregnancy. Aims: The theoretical part briefly describes the characteristics of type 1 diabetes and its treatment. It then describes pregnancy in this disease and complications of diabetic pregnancy. More attention is paid to nutrition during preconception and pregnancy. It discusses in more detail the various macronutrients and micronutrients needed during these periods and highlights foods and beverages that are inappropriate. The main aim of the practical part was to determine the dietary habits of women with type 1 diabetes before and during pregnancy and then to compare whether these were modified to diabetes control. Methods: The data for the bachelor thesis were obtained by means of a questionnaire survey conducted from August 2022 to April 2023. Two questionnaires were created in the electronic interface of Google Forms and subsequently offered to patients with type 1 diabetes in the outpatient clinic of the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and the University Hospital. Data from the documentation of...
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Insulin pump Therapy compared to Insulin Pen Injections in Pregnant Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Cvejnová, Michaela ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
Pregnancy in women suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with various complications and risks for both the mother and the baby both during pregnancy as well as during the delivery and in the postpartum period. For this reason, it is essential to ensure proper treatment and compensation of the disease. Proper diabetes compensation and treatment of any associated diseases before and during pregnancy is the basis for a successful pregnancy. If possible, pregnancy should be planned to coincide with a period of the best possible diabetes compensation. Treatment of diabetes in pregnancy includes lifestyle modification (diabetic diet and exercise), regular self-monitoring of glycaemia and insulin therapy with insulin pens or an insulin pump. The subject of the thesis is type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. The aim was to compare the outcomes of treatment with insulin pens vs insulin pump with regard to diabetes compensation, course of pregnancy and delivery and, lastly, foetal complications. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes current knowledge about type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. The practical part compares the treatment with insulin pens vs insulin pump. The results are presented in form of statistical analysis of data in women treated with insulin pens or insulin...
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Diet quality of hospitalized women with diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and after childbirth
Chlubnová, Kateřina ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis focused on the quality of diet of hospitalized women with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, respectively gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). As GDM occurs in connection with pregnancy, for many women this represents a significant (usually short-term) change in their diet. However, this may differ considerably in the home setting from the hospital setting where the diet is a given. The aim of this thesis was thus to answer the main research question: How satisfied are women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus with their diet in hospital? and also to related - sub-questions. These were related to the palatability of the hospital food and its sufficiency/quantity, and adherence to the diabetic diet was also discussed. In order to fulfil the aim of the thesis, quantitative research - questionnaire survey was chosen. It was carried out directly at the inpatient ward of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University in Prague and General medical teaching hospital in Prague. For completion of the collected information, an interview with the local nutritionist was also conducted. IBM SPSS statistical software was used to evaluate the questionnaires, specifically descriptive statistics as well as calculation of diameter and reference...
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The influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on managememt and course of labour
Martináková, Kristýna ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with gestational diabetes and its influence on the management and course of labour and early neonatal adaptation. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common perinatal complications that poses risks to both mother and fetus. The fetus is particularly at risk for diabetic fetopathy with macrosomia, which can be a complication during the labour. Depending on the compensation of diabetes and the birth weight of the baby, the mother is at risk of more severe birth injuries. The aim of this study was to determine whether gestational diabetes has an effect on the management and course of labour compared to women without diabetes. We also attempted to clarify whether mothers with gestational diabetes suffer more extensive perineal lacerations, whether the average birth weight of newborns of mothers with GDM is higher, and whether GDM is associated with poorer postpartum adaptation. These objectives were complemented by 3 hypotheses that helped to meet the stated objectives. The research part of the study consisted in retrospective collection of patient data from the MEDEA system at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, First Medical Faculty of Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague. The data were collected from November 2021 to...
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The Influence of a Lifestyle of Women with Anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Manifestation of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Dittrichová, Jana ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
1 Abstract: The present thesis is focused on a lifestyle of women with anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes and on the way in which this lifestyle influences manifestation of Type 2 Diabetes. The goal of the thesis is to describe the ways in which women with anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes in the period 1-11 years after delivery behave preventively in order that Type 2 Diabetes would not occur - to describe their diet and movement activities as well as to discover, if they have their blood sugar level checked regularly. By means of questionnaire survey, it has been discovered that women with anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes consume not-sweetened beverages, coffee, vegetable and fruits, on the other hand it would be convenient, if they would eliminate secondary processed food, red meat, sweets and fried meal and increase intake of nuts, fish and cereals. 83 % of women engage in a movement activity at least 3 times a week. 52 % had come for blood sugar level examination (oGTT) after delivery and another 12 % had their blood sugar level checked during regular medical examination. Nevertheless, many respondents are not regularly monitored anymore. Women with anamnesis of Gestational Diabetes, in the case of which blood sugar level examination (oGTT) detected Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes, consume too much...
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Factors influencing the compensation of type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnant women
Dolejšová, Lenka ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
Introduction: The diploma thesis deals with the issue of compensation of type 1 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and its relation to the health of mother and child. It further summarizes and describes the variable factors that may have a direct effect on current glycemic variability and long- term compensation of diabetes. Aims: The theoretical part describes the characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus and the possibilities of therapy in pregnancy. Subsequently, factors influencing the compensation of diabetes in this period are summarized and described in more detail, especially food composition and possibilities of influencing postprandial glycemia, effects of type and intensity of physical activity and psychosocial aspects related mainly to stress from potential negative effects of glycaemia on the fetus. At the end of the theoretical part, the risks and complications for the mother and the fetus arising from long-term unsatisfactory compensation of diabetes are presented. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to determine the extent of women's knowledge about the compensation of diabetes in pregnancy, followed by determining the effect of the extent of knowledge on long-term compensation, expressed by glycated hemoglobin. Methods: Data for the diploma thesis were obtained on the...
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Dietary change during pregnancy with and without a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus
Dlouhá, Kristýna ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the subject of women with gestational diabetes. It focuses on changes in the diet and lifestyle of pregnant women with and without diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus. In the theoretical part, the pre-pregnancy diet and the pregnancy diet are gradually analyzed, as the correct composition of the diet proves to be the most effective treatment in most cases of GDM. It also describes the disease GDM and everything related to it - its definition, occurrence, risk factors, mechanism of origin, consequences, diagnosis and treatment. The practical part of the work describes the results of a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire focused on risk factors for the development of GDM in the interviewed women, as well as dietary changes after the diagnosis of GDM, information about healthy lifestyle provided by gynecologists and the role of a nutrition therapist in educating pregnant women about diet. The aim of the study was to determine the eating habits, level of physical activity and lifestyle of the interviewed women with GDM, comparing those to their habits before the diagnosis of GDM, and to discover whether there is a possible connection between the development of the disease and eating habits and lifestyle of women . Besides, it shows how a nutritional therapist...
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Gestational diabetes mellitus and its effect on women diet after childbirth.
Kadečková, Klára ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
Women treated during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus have 40-60% higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease later in life. Development prevention of these diseases is rational diet with reduced carbohydrates intake, weight reduc- tion and regular exercise. Women with history of gestational diabetes should be still moni- tored regularly after childbirth. My bachelor thesis looks into diet of women after childbirth, who were monitored with ges- tational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and its effect on development of type 2 diabetes. The goal of thesis is to evaluate influence of the diet during gestational diabetes on diet after childbirth. Evaluation will be based on questionnaire survey with respondents from two groups. First group is made up of women attending appointments in collection center of Gen- eral University Hospital in Prague for oral glucose tolerance test. Second group are women who came for checkup to diabetologist in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital just few days after childbirth. Survey results will be processed and evaluated. Conclusion forms recommendations on how to im- prove motivation of women with history of gestational diabetes to maintain healthy diet...
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Differences between nutrition for pregnant and lactating women
Králová, Helena ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
Life regime in the period of pregnancy and breast-feeding has a significant influence on development of fetus and infant afterwards. Both periods are very important and the goal of my bachelor thesis was to evaluate if the diet of pregnant and breast- feeding women follows current recommendations. The bachelor thesis is divided into three parts. First one presents up to date theoretical findings about nourishment for pregnant and breast-feeding women. Theoretical findings were also used to form a questionnaire. Research part was accomplished by quantitative anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled out by randomly chosen women of all ages. In total, 125 questionnaires were handed out, 103 of them were given back and additional 7 were excluded because the women were not breast-feeding. Therefore, 96 questionnaire were used for the purpose of the questionnaire part. The primary parameters under observations were changes in diet, preferred food and beverages, frequency of recommended and dangerous food and beverages, number of meals and fluid intake in the period of pregancy and breast-feeding. The secondary monitored parameters were reduction of pregnancy weight-gain, sources of information about nutrition and if the women were taking vitamins and additional food suplements. Apart from...
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