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History of hip joint replacements
Kohout, Jiří ; Urban, Filip (referee) ; Vrbka, Martin (advisor)
In this bachelor´s thesis is solved problem of friction, lubrication, wear and history of hip replacement. History is described from the second half of 18th century and there was an effort to include every important milestones that affected development of the alloplastic of hip joint. Beside this development is also observed volume wear of hip joint. History of lubrication and friction is watched from first experiment, which measured these factors it means mid-20th century.
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Biotribology of artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye syndrome
Černohlávek, Mikuláš ; Daniel, Matej (referee) ; Vrbka, Martin (advisor)
This master thesis is a part of the project TAČR TREND, which aim is the development of new ingredient for treatment of dry eye syndrome. Developed ingredient is derivative of hyaluronic acid, which is in this thesis compared with native hyaluronic acids and commercial eye drops. Aim of this thesis is to describe rheological and tribological properties of measured samples in terms of viscosity, mucoadhesivity and coefficient of friction. Coefficient of friction was measured on created tribological model of the eye in pin-on-plate configuration which represents physiologically relevant sliding speeds of blinking. Comparison with native hyaluronic acids and commercial products of eye drops showed, that derivative reaches higher values of viscosity, has mucoahesive properties and has low values of coefficient of friction. Those key parameters show that modification of hyaluronic acid is promising way for drug development for dry eye disease.
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Design of Equipment for Surface Topography Modification
Kománek, Jiří ; Hutař, Pavel (referee) ; Vrbka, Martin (advisor)
This master thesis is focused on design and construction of laboratory shot peening machine. This machine is determined for modification of the topography of the friction surfaces specimens. Two types of specimens are used. The first specimen is sphere with diameter 20-40 mm. The second specimen is cylinder with 9.6 mm diameter. In this thesis the setting parameters of shot peening for creation of surface with the micro-texture was described. Influence of the micro-texture to the coefficient of friction was investigated under mixed lubrication and slip condition.
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Lubrication of knee joint replacement
Sadecká, Kateřina ; Horák, Zdeněk (referee) ; Vrbka, Martin (advisor)
The work deals with the lubrication of total knee replacement using fluorescence microscopy method, which allows unique insight into the contact between femoral and tibial component. The aim was to determine the effect of composition of synovial fluid (i.e. albumin, -globulin, hyaluronic acid and phospholipids) on film thickness and protein behaviour in contact, and also to determine changes of contact area during rotation. Since this is the first experimental work dealing with a knee replacement lubrication primarily, only simple rotation and load cycles were applied by the knee simulator. The output of the experiments was fluorescence intensity, which corresponds to dimensionless film thickness, over time. Another important output are the images directly showing the fluorescently labelled proteins in the contact area. The results show, there are fundamental differences in lubrication in different positions of rotation, due to changes of position, shape and behaviour of the contact area. The composition of the lubricant is also essential, since the proteins themselves form a relatively strong lubricating film and their mixture leads to a substantial reduction of film thickness, due to significant formation of clusters. Complex fluid, although it does not form the strongest layer, is able to create a quite continuous film.
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Experimental study of friction in articular cartilage
Praus, Tomáš ; Vrbka, Martin (referee) ; Rebenda, David (advisor)
This thesis deals with the experimental study of friction in articular cartilage. After the introduction to biotribology, there are described a principle of measurment on the Mini-Traction Machine and a brief description of machine itself. After that, there is a propose for a preparation and storage of cartilage samples, construction of the adapter into the MTM and research of the friction coefficient. The results of experimental research showed the negative effect of storing the samples in the refrigerator. On the other hand, the measurement of the friction coefficient of the samples stored in the freezer showed the preservation of the mechanical properties of cartilage. Even load and speed of loading have a big effect on friction. When the speed increases, the coefficient of the friction increases too. There is an extreme increase of the friction at higher speeds. But with increasing load the friction coefficient decreases.
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Design of mountain-bike crossbar and its FEM analysis
Jelínek, Martin ; Maňas, Pavel (referee) ; Vrbka, Martin (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is the part of evolution of the new bicycle frame for mountain biking, category enduro. The first part of this thesis is focused on creating dimensional modified model of the bike frame in CAD system SolidWorks. Subsequently this frame will be detailed by FEM analysis in software ANSYS Workbench and determine boundary conditions for this analysis. The final part is about visualization of the new bike frame.
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Wind power station tower - calculation
Stein, Pavel ; Vrbka, Martin (referee) ; Nevrlý, Josef (advisor)
The target of this labour is to give summary of contemporary level of construction of wind power station tower. The first part describes importance and progress of alternative sources of energy, especially wind energetic in Czech republic. Next point concerns some construct options of wind power station tower and its basic elements. Close of the work is oriented to modern forms in problems of the wind power station tower and indicates options of modern development.
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VOLUMETRIC WEAR ANALYSIS OF HIP JOINT IMPLANTS BY OPTICAL METHODS
Ranuša, Matúš ; Bryant, Dr Michael (referee) ; Dr Prashant K. Sharma (referee) ; Vrbka, Martin (advisor)
Predložená dizertačná práca sa zaoberá analýzou opotrebenia totálnych bedrových endoprotéz za použitia optických metód. V práci bol predstavený nový prístup hodnotenia objemového úbytku materiálu pomocou 3D optického skeneru. Tento nový prístup je časovo efektívny, poskytuje veľké množstvo snímaných bodov na povrchu implantátu. Množstvo bodov umožňuje presnejšiu rekonštrukciu pôvodnej geometrie a prípadné rekonštrukcie nežiaducich poškodení polyetylénovej vložky pri extrakcii. Predstavené metóda bola validovaná za pomoci štandardizovanej gravimetrickej metódy v súlade s ISO 14242. Následne bol optická skenovacia metóda použitá v troch štúdiách zameraných na analýzu opotrebenia, mechanické zmeny artikulujúceho povrchu a mikroštruktúrne zmeny v dôsledku zlyhania implantátu. Analýza 23 extrahovaných polyetylénových vložiek typ Bicon - plus s rozšíreným použitím v Českej republike poukázala na niektoré problémy spojené so zlyhaním implantátu. Adhezívno - abrazívne opotrebenie bolo identifikované v oblasti penetrácie femurálnej hlavice a následné poškodenia ako delaminácia materiálu , plastické deformácie a pitting boli pozorované v okolí tejto oblasti. Analýza materiálových vlastností poukázala na degradáciu mechanických a chemických vlastností, čo bolo prevažne závislé od rozsahu opotrebenia implantátu. U implantátov boli pozorované výrazné plastické deformácie , nárast oxidačného indexu a nižší pomer tvrdosti voči modulu elasticity, v porovnaní s novými vzorkami. Tečenie materiálu a plastické deformácie, ktoré vykazovali všetky extrahované vzorky boli analyzované v závere predloženej dizertačnej práce, na základe testov na nových implantátoch v zábehovom cykle. Cieľom práce je uviesť nový prístup analýzy opotrebenia polyetylénových vložiek za pomoci optických skenovacích metód a preukázať jeho použiteľnosť na analýze súboru extrahovaných implantátov. Výsledky získané pomocou tejto metódy sa ukázali ako vhodné a môžu viesť k lepšiemu pochopeniu procesov opotrebenia a zlyhávania implantátov.
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Special bearing types and its application
Polášek, Lukáš ; Vrbka, Martin (referee) ; Koutný, Daniel (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor’s thesis is to provide a search analysis of special bearing types. This work is focused especially to magnetic and air bearings, which are the most available and used special bearings. Both of these types are contactless, from which follows a big part their benefits. In this thesis there are introduced and explained the principles and design solutions of the most frequently used types of magnetic and air bearings. At the conclusion there are written up advantages and possible uses of these bearings.
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Effect of Viscosupplementation on Friction of Articular Cartilage
Rebenda, David ; Sawae, Yoshinori (referee) ; PhD, Axel C Moore, (referee) ; Vrbka, Martin (advisor)
Disertační práce se zabývá experimentálním studiem viskosuplementů na bázi kyseliny hyaluronové, které se aplikují do synoviálních kloubů postižených osteoartrózou. Hlavní pozornost byla věnována objasnění vlivu koncentrace a molekulové hmotnosti kyseliny hyaluronové na tření v kontaktu kloubí chrupavky resp. změnám tření v kontaktu po smíchání osteoartritické synoviální kapaliny s exogenní kyselinou hyaluronovou. Důležitou součástí experimentů bylo rovněž studium reologických vlastností synoviální kapaliny a kyseliny hyaluronové. Výsledky ukázaly, že molekulová hmotnost kyseliny hyaluronové významně ovlivňuje viskozitu a viskoelastické vlastnosti roztoku. Výrazná závislost mezi reologickými vlastnostmi kyseliny hyaluronové a třením v kontaktu však nebyla pozorována. Přimíchání kyseliny hyaluronové do synoviální kapaliny způsobí výrazný pokles součinitele tření v kontaktu. Rozdíly mezi viskosuplementy obsahující kyselinu hyaluronovou s různou molekulovou hmotností ale nijak výrazné nejsou. Nicméně, výsledky poukazují na možné ovlivnění režimu mazání v důsledku vysoké molekulové hmotnosti kyseliny hyaluronové. Tyto původní výsledky rozšiřují pochopení mechanizmů, ke kterým dochází v kloubu bezprostředně do vstříknutí kyseliny hyaluronové a mohou být použity při dalším vývoji viskosuplementů či v klinické praxi.
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