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Research of old rockfalls using LiDAR data
Rusá, Veronika ; Štefanová, Eva (advisor) ; Pavelka, Karel (referee)
This thesis addresses the issue of detecting and modeling old rockfalls using LiDAR data. The study area chosen for investigation is Dlouhý Důl, located in the České Švýcarsko National Park. The main objective of this research is to map, retrospectively analyze, and model historical rockfall events. To achieve this, a comprehensive workflow for modeling rockfalls using open-source software was proposed and tested. The specific goals of the thesis included processing the laser data to create a point cloud and conducting data quality checks. A crucial aspect was determining the optimal viewing angle for analysis. The software PosPac and RiProcess were utilized for data preprocessing. Another important step was the generation of a Digital Relief Model (DMR), essential for detecting and modeling rockfalls. The point cloud filtering and segmentation were pursued as ancillary objectives and tested using two software applications, CloudCompare and OPALS. For the evaluation and modeling of rockfalls, QGIS with the QPROTO plugin was employed. Additionally, a literature review on the development and methodologies related to rockfalls was conducted. The theoretical section describes the definition of rockfalls, including the factors contributing to slope movements, as well as LiDAR technology, point cloud...
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Physiotherapy after arthroplasty procedures for rheumatic patients
Suchá, Petra ; Jalovcová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Pavelka, Karel (referee)
Title Physiotherapy after arthroplasty procedures for rheumatic patients. Defining the problem The main problem this thesis solves is to find and compare findings on the practice of physiotherapy in rheumatic patients, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have undergone surgery, joint replacement of lower limb arthroplasty, with a focus on the ankle joint. It will be a comparison of the approaches used in the workplace catchment for the Czech Republic, Institute of Rheumatology (RU) in Prague and the world. Aim The aim is to create a comprehensive overview and comparison of physiotherapy procedures used in rheumatic patients who underwent joint replacement legs, zjm. ankle joint, in the CR is in the hands, and in the world and see whether these practices vary significantly, or are identical. The method of solution The work is prepared by comparing the findings relating to the care of patients with available literature. The findings are grouped and arranged tables are created with recording procedures. The work is written in the form of research. Key worlds revmatoidní artritida totální náhrada hlezenního kloubu (TEP) hlezenní kloub fyzioterapie
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Laboratory/Field Spectroscopy and Remote Sensing Image Data for Vegetation Studies
Červená, Lucie ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Pavelka, Karel (referee) ; Müllerová, Jana (referee)
Dominant vegetation species of two structurally and functionally different montane ecosystems were studied by means of laboratory and field spectroscopy and remote sensing image data: (1) a homogeneous human-influenced evergreen coniferous forest represented by a Norway spruce forest in the Krušné hory Mountains and (2) a heterogeneous natural ecosystem of a relict arctic-alpine tundra in the Krkonoše Mountains with predominance of grasses. The first part dealing with the Norway spruce forest is especially focused on the methods of laboratory spectroscopy. The assessment of Norway spruce stands on a regional and a global scales requires detailed knowledge of their spectral properties at the level of needles and shoots in the beginning, but ground research is very time-demanding. Open spectral libraries could help to get more ground-truth data for subsequent analysis of tree species in forests ecosystems. However, the problem may arise with the comparability of spectra taken by different devices. The present thesis focuses on a comparability of spectra measured by a field spectroradiometer coupled with plant contact probe and/or two integrating spheres (Paper 3) and proves the significant differences in spruce needle spectra measured by the contact probe and integrating sphere, spectra of...
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Effect of biological treatment on functional ability and mobility of patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Hušková, Barbora ; Pavelka, Karel (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE 2ND FACULTY OF MEDICINE Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Medicine Barbora Hušková The influence of biological treatment on functional ability and mobility of patients with ankylosing spondylitis bachelor thesis Prague 2012 Abstract This thesis is primarily a literature search of knowledge about ankylosing spondylitis (AS), supplemented by two case studies of specific patients. The theoretic part describes the characteristics of AS as the main representative of spondylarthritides, including its diagnosis and testing methods. It also contains an overview of current approaches and strategies of a treatment. It focuses on biological treatment with TNF-α blockers. The practical part of the thesis illustrates the findings on the example of a patient with AS treated with biological therapy. It evaluates the subjective feelings in response to treatment and compares the results of treatment with standard therapy (i.e., without biological treatment) on another patient under otherwise similar conditions.
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Tick-borne encephalitis risk assessment based on classification of vegetation from remote sensing data
Červená, Lucie ; Potůčková, Markéta (advisor) ; Pavelka, Karel (referee)
Tick-borne encephalitis risk assessment based on classification of vegetation from remote sensing data Abstract The main aim of this thesis has been to find out how to classify various categories of forest vegetation with a different risk of exposure to the tick-borne encephalitis based on the Landsat imagery. The legend used here is derived from the one used in the projects by Daniel, Kolář, Zeman (1995) and Daniel, Kolář, Beneš (1999) but has been reduced to only five classses with no overlaps in their definitions (I. coniferous stands, II. mixed stands, III. young deciduous stands and stand ecotones with a highly heterogeneous structure, IV. deciduous stands with a homogeneous structure, V. deciduous stands with a heterogeneous structure). The supervised classification with the Maximum Likelihood Classifier has been used on the Landsat imagery from various seasons. Difficulties concerned with the presence of clouds and varying Sun elevation across the imagery had to be adressed in the course of the work. The training sites and the control points have been defined by the field research and interpretation of the relevant orthophotomaps and Landsat imagery in 5-4-3 RGB composite. The mask of the forest has been created on the ZABAGED data basis. The time horizon of 2006 - 2010 has been the primary focus....
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Application of imaging spectroscopy in monitoring of vegetation stress caused by soil pollutants in the Sokolov lignite basin
Mišurec, Jan ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Pavelka, Karel (referee) ; Homolová, Lucie (referee)
Forests can be considered as one of the most important Earth's ecosystems not only because of oxygen production and carbon sequestration via photosynthesis, but also as a source of many natural resources (such as wood) and as a habitat of many specific plants and animals. Monitoring of forest health status is thus crucial activity for keeping all production and ecosystem functions of forests. The main aim of the thesis is development of an alternative approach for forest health status based on airborne hyperspectral data (HyMap) analysis supported by field sampling. The proposed approach tries to use similar vegetation parameters which are used in case of the current methods of forest health status assessment based on field inspections. It is believed that importance of such new methods will significantly increase in the time when the planned satellite hyperspectral missions (e.g. EnMap) will move into operational phase. The developed forest health monitoring approach is practically demonstrated on mature Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) forests of the Sokolov lignite basin which were affected by long-term coal mining and heavy industry and therefore high variability of forest health status was assumed in this case. Two leaf level radiative transfer models were used for simulating spectral...
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Nutrition in Gouty Arthritis: from Past to Present, the Real Possibilities of Influence by Nutrition and the Consequences of strict diet restriction
Látalová, Ivana ; Pavelka, Karel (advisor) ; Žák, Aleš (referee)
It is a short work devoted to a disease called gout. The work can be divided into 3 parts. The first part deals with the development of the disease and its treatment. It is also described recent pharmacological treatment of gout and the latest drugs for this disease. Because the work is treated as final in the field of nutrition therapy constitutes a large part of dietary management and diet, which is appropriate to comply with this disease. The work also includes research on disease among patients with gout. These patients were asked about their knowledge of the disease, age, gender and adherence to the diet. The research evaluates whether patients consumed alcoholic beverages. The project also sought individual doctor by profession, in which patients with gout treated. Research data were obtained anonymously from patients at the pharmacy. The research was evaluated using graphs. Results obtained in this research are not very optimistic. Patients have incomplete information. They are usually do not comply with diet. Most patients also admitted to drinking alcoholic beverages. Finally, work is a statement that it would be possible to improve the health status of patients suffering from gout, by following dietary regimen and compliance with the principles of a healthy lifestyle. Key words: Gout,...
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Epidemiological aspects of inflammatory rheumatic diseases and diffusional diseases of binding tissue.
Hánová, Petra ; Pavelka, Karel (advisor) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee) ; Horák, Pavel (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Introduction: No information was known about frequency of common inflammatory disorders in rheumatology in the Czech Republic. Aims of the study: To estimate the standardized annual incidence (INC) and point prevalence (PREV) of six diseases (rheumatoid arthritis-RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis-JIA, gout, psoriatic arthritis-PsA, ankylosing spondylitis-AS, reactive arthritis-ReA) in a population-based study in two regions of the Czech Republic (CR). Methods: INC: Incident cases were registered on condition that the definite diagnosis was confirmed according to existing classification criteria during the study period. PREV was studied on the basis of identification of established diagnoses at a time point. Crude rates were standardized for age and sex. Results: Both INC and PREV are shown per 100.000 inhabitants. RA INC:31 (95%CI 20-42), PREV:610 (95%CI 561-658). Gout-INC:41 (95%CI 28-53), PREV:300 (95% CI 266-334). JIA-INC: 13 (95% CI 1-20), PREV:140 (95%CI 117-280). PsA-INC:3,6 (95% CI 1-8), PREV:49 (95%CI 40-60). AS-INC:6 (95% CI 3-11), PREV:94 (95% CI 94-109). ReA-INC:9 (95% CI 6-15), PREV:91 (95% CI 78-106). Conclusion: This is the first population-based study estimating annual incidence and prevalence rates of the most common rheumatological disorders in the Czech...
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Intracellular Concentration of Methotrexate in Erytrocytes and MTHFR Polymorphisms: Possible Association with Methotrexate Efficasy and Toxicity in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Tuková, Jana ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Slanař, Ondřej (referee) ; Pavelka, Karel (referee)
Objective: To investigate whether methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and erythrocyte concentration of methotrexate (EMTX) could serve as predictors of methotrexate (MTX) efficacy and toxicity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: Genetic analyses and EMTX and folate assessment were performed in 69 JIA patients treated with MTX and classified as full responders (n=51, disease inactivity) or nonresponders (n=18, less than 30 % improvement in paediatric ACR30 criteria while on 15 mg/m2/week parenteral MTX for at least 3 months). Results: Nonresponders were treated with the higher median MTX dose (17.2 vs 12.6 mg/m2/week, P<0.0001), and accumulated more EMTX (217 nmol/L vs 106 nmol/L, P<0.02) and erythrocyte folates (763 nmol/L vs 592 nmol/L, P=0.052) than responders. Analysis of MTHFR allele and genotype frequencies in relation to response failed to detect association. The frequency of any adverse effect was 29.4 % in responders and 33.3 % in nonresponders (P=0.77). The frequency of 677T allele was elevated in patients with adverse effects (52.4 % vs 20.9%, OR=3.88; 95% CI: 1.8-8.6; p<0.002). The probability of any adverse effect was significantly higher in patients with 677TT when compared to 677CC genotype (OR=55.5; 95-% CI: 2.9-1080;...
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Immunogenetic and hormonal markers of predisposition to systemic rheumatic diseases particularly systemic lupus erythematosus
Fojtíková, Markéta ; Pavelka, Karel (advisor) ; Hrnčíř, Zbyněk (referee) ; Rovenský, Jozef (referee)
Fojtikova 2011 INTRODUCTION: Several factors like genetic susceptibility is required for systemic rheumatic diseases development. Immunomodulatory PRL effect supports autoimmunity. AIMS: 1. To detect the immunogenetic background (alleles HLA class I, II and microsatellite polymorphism of the transmembrane part exon 5 of MIC-A gene) of SLE and PsA. 2. To detect PRL serum and synovial fluid with regard to clinical and laboratory RA activity. 3. To find the role of the functional polymorphism -1149G/T SNP PRL of extrapituitary promoter of PRL gene in SLE, RA, PsA, SSc and inflammatory myopathies development. METHODS: Genetic analyses of pateints with SLE (n=156), RA (n=173), PsA (n=100), SSc (n=75), PM (n=47) a DM (n=68) and 123 healthy individuals: PCR-SSP (HLA clase I and II), PCR-fragment analysis (MIC-A) a PCR-RFLP (-1149 G/T SNP PRL). In 29 RA a 26 OA PRL serum and synovial fluid concentrations were detected using immunoradiometric assay. RESULTS: 1. The allele HLA-DRB1*03 (pc=0.008; OR 2.5) and haplotype HLA-DRB1*03-DQB1*0201 (pc <0.001; OR 4.54) were determined as risk immunogenetic markers for SLE in Czech population. In SLE versus controls allele MIC-A5.1 was increased (pc =0.005; OR 1.88). MIC-A5.1 together with HLA-DRB1*03 increases the risk for SLE development, pc <0.000001; OR 9.71....
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