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"He has paid and owes nothing." Aspects of the transaction with the serf estate in the town of Mělník in the 17th century
Koumar, Jiří ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Chocholáč, Bronislav (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of property transfer of servile real estates in the Estate of Melnik during the 17 century. As the main resource material was used the collection of Melnik Books of Land Ownership founded during the 80s of the 16 century. After the Thirty Years' War these books were restored in connection with the afterwar reconstruction of the Estate of Melnik and were published in a new edition until the turn of the 17 and 18 century. Besides these Books of Land Ownership we also studied other kinds of resources such as land and duties registers, land-registries, inventories and estimations which originated in the 17 century with respect to this Estate. In the end of the 17 century was formed a uniquely preserved register of serfs which enables us not only to have better knowledge of the structure of settled farmers themselves but also create the first picture of general structure of servile population in the Estate. In the introduction I tried to place the Estate of Melnik in the structure of Early Modern Times country estates. With the size ranging from medium to smaller the Estate of Melnik was formally as a chamber estate in possession of the Czech king for the most of its development in the period of Early Modern Times. Nevertheless in reality the Estate as a pawned land was held by...
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The Testamentary Practice in Jihlava in the Years 1578 - 1624 (Wills as Sources for the History of Family Structures, Historical Demography and Sociotopography)
Jirková, Pavla ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Horský, Jan (referee) ; Sulitková, Ludmila (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT The subject of the research - the Early Modern burgher will - is viewed in the thesis from the standpoint of family structures, historical demography and sociotopography. The sample of 968 Jihlava wills from the period 1578-1624 were subjected to statistical analysis. Moreover, from a methodological perspective the nature of this research is similar to micro-historical and prosopographical approaches. The aforementioned theme was compared to conclusions of the literature concerning historical demography and family structures (especially English) as well as foreign sociological and anthropological studies. The results of this research were evaluated from the point of view of the annual number of wills as possible indicators of the chief trends in mortality, and possible connections were traced between the number of children named in the testaments and the inheritance system. Given the numerous marriage contracts concluded by testators, the study also looked into the "marriage market" and the duration of marriages. Other questions discussed in the thesis include, for example, family and household positions, disabled people, gender studies and intergenerational property transfer. Finally, in terms of the sociotopographical study, the houses of sorted testators were located within the framework...
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Josef Vítězslav Šimák (His life and work with special view to historical homeland study)
Kábová, Hana ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Blüml, Josef (referee)
disertační práce KÁBOVÁ, Hana. Josef Vítězslav Šimák (Jeho život a dílo se zvláštním zřetelem k historické vlastivědě // Josef Vítězslav Šimák (His life and work with special view to historical homeland study). Praha: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Filozofická fakulta, Ústav českých dějin, 2011. Abstract: The academic dissertation includes a detailed biography of J.V. Šimák and a thematic analysis of his work, based on exhaustive study of archival sources and literature. Special attention is paid to the issue of institutionalizing the historical homeland study in the Czech lands and the phenomenon of cultural regionalism, as well as the methodology and institutional bases of the historiography development (university, scientific societies and associations). The academic dissertation deepens and extends current knowledge of the Czech historiography at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries. It includes bibliography of Šimák's scientific books, studies, articles, reviews, popularization essays and newspaper contributions. A list of his university and popularization lectures is also attached. Keywords: Czech historiography - historical homeland study - Josef Vítězslav Šimák.
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NATIONAL IDEAS IN THE BAROQUE ERA - IN THE WORKS OF HERMANN CONRING AND BOHUSLAV BALBÍN
Procházková, Dana ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Himl, Pavel (referee) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee)
The theme of the dissertation is nationalism in the Early Modern Age and the issue of national identity, its origin and its strengthening in this era, as exemplified by the German and Czech nations. The author concentrates on the manifestations of patriotism in the works of two significant authors - Bohuslav Balbín and Hermann Conring. Both are considered to be significant scholars of the Baroque period, thought to be the intellectual elite of their time. Their works were repeatedly published and greatly influenced contemporary and later scholars, and through them the greater public, as well. The author compares both personalities, i.e. two different nations and beliefs stemming from previous traditions and humanistic scholarship. At the same time, the author concentrated on examples of nationalism from the perspective of general characteristics.
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"He has paid and owes nothing." Aspects of the transaction with the serf estate in the town of Mělník in the 17th century
Koumar, Jiří ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Chocholáč, Bronislav (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of property transfer of servile real estates in the Estate of Melnik during the 17 century. As the main resource material was used the collection of Melnik Books of Land Ownership founded during the 80s of the 16 century. After the Thirty Years' War these books were restored in connection with the afterwar reconstruction of the Estate of Melnik and were published in a new edition until the turn of the 17 and 18 century. Besides these Books of Land Ownership we also studied other kinds of resources such as land and duties registers, land-registries, inventories and estimations which originated in the 17 century with respect to this Estate. In the end of the 17 century was formed a uniquely preserved register of serfs which enables us not only to have better knowledge of the structure of settled farmers themselves but also create the first picture of general structure of servile population in the Estate. In the introduction I tried to place the Estate of Melnik in the structure of Early Modern Times country estates. With the size ranging from medium to smaller the Estate of Melnik was formally as a chamber estate in possession of the Czech king for the most of its development in the period of Early Modern Times. Nevertheless in reality the Estate as a pawned land was held by...
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The dissolving of the Cistercian monastery in Sedlec (1783-1799)
Snopek, Lukáš ; Tinková, Daniela (referee) ; Maur, Eduard (advisor)
The Cistercian Monastery in Sedlec existed with intermissions in the years 1143-1783/99. The Convent Church of Virgin Mary and St. John the Baptist belongs from 1995 to World Cultural Heritage of UNESCO. During the 20th century were many Czech historians for example Jaromír Čelakovský, Jaroslav Čechura, Kateřina Charvátová, Josef Nuhlíček, Pavel Zahradník and art historians Mojmír Horyna, Karel Chytil, Viktor Kotrba, Jiří Kuthan, Petr Macek, Jaromír Neumann, Zdeněk Wirth interested in history of Sedlec. As for the joungest generation it is possible to mention for exmaple Jana Hynková and Štěpán Vácha. Through the first chapter of the thesis we want to introduce the history of the Monastery as a whole. The last part of the chapter obtains a brief essay about the economic progress. In 1760 Sedlec had around 450 000 rheinisch gulden in debts. The great debts of Monastery were the important cause of the Emperors Josef II decision to cease it (8th August 1783). The second chapter is dealing with the process of the rise of the anti-monastic social atmosphere during the 18th century. Monks lifestyle became incomprehensible especially for the followers of philosophical enlightenment. The economic theoretics thought that the monasteries injured national economy. Inside the Church shared the above said process the so...
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Melnik during the Thirty Years' War
Kilián, Jan ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Ledvinka, Václav (referee) ; Korbelářová, Irena (referee)
The objective of this work has been to provide a comprehensive micro-analytical perspective on a small royal town in centra} Bohemia which has been influenced by its position in the landscape at the convergence of two of the most important rivers in the Czech Republic- the Vltava and Elbe rivers. The focus is on the years between 1618 and 1648, with considerable attention devoted to the developmental aspects of the pre-war and post-war periods. This has been made possible by the exceptional degree of preservation of the town archives, which in contrast to the archives of other Czech towns have not been affected by wide-spread document destruction or shredding. Consequently, the town has preserved for modem times a remarkable material legacy, literally offering the insatiated scholar an opportunity for detailed exploration. The analysis of these materials, primarily divided into books and official documents, has been the focus of attention right from the first chapter, supplemented by alternative sources that are housed in other locations in the Czech Republic. Subsequently, the reader is invited to observe the town of Mělník on the brink of a turbulent period, to become acquainted with its position, monuments, fortifications, the buildings within the town and in the surrounding areas, as well as its...
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Population of Třebívlice in the 17th-18th century
Laňková, Jana ; Pražáková Seligová, Markéta (referee) ; Maur, Eduard (advisor)
This study describes the history and the demographic development of the serf population of Dolní Třebívlice in the second half of the 17th century and early 18th century. Dolní Třebívlice manor is located in the north of Bohemia, and his inhabitants worked in agriculture. The serf population is recorded in the serf rolls. The serf rolls were records of all hereditary serfs, which were annually compiled in the years1667 - 1720 by the seigniorial offices in a number of estates. They served to keep tabs on the serfs - recording their whereabouts and thein fulfilment of obligations to the nobility. The records contained notes on the place of residence and changes in the life of the persons registered in them, for example if they left to enter into service or to become an apprentice, if they married or hen they died. The serfs are useful for studying migration of the serfs, their social composition and social relationships and for studying structure of the serf family and its typological classification. We can also monitor the number of the serfs. In the second half of the 17th century, Dolní Třebívlice manor was destroyed because of the Thirty Years War and many of homesteads were deserted. The population began growing from the year 1670. The manor's growth was fed primarily by imigration. The incomers came...
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Prague's Archbishop Johann Friedrich von Waldstein and his controversy on the Turkish wars taxes (1682-1694)
Havlík, Jiří ; Čornejová, Ivana (advisor) ; Vlnas, Vít (referee) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
The ann of this thesis of archbishop of Prague Johann Friedrich von Waldstein (1642 - 1694; archbishop 1675-1694) consists in description of conflicts with Czech land assembly and state apparatus in the years 1678, 1679, 1682-1686 and 1691-1694. The last and most important continued also after his death (3'^'* June 1694). That time Czech clergy sent two deputies (further archbishop Daniel Ignatius Mayer of Mayem and abbot of monastery in Plasy Andreas Troyer) to Vienna, to arrange adjustment of a dispount, which culminated on the beginning of the year 1694. Principal chapters of this thesis deal with conflicts in the years 1682-1686 and 1691- 1694 (chapters 4-7). These are based on detailed archive research, especially of sources of 1®' department of National Archives in Czech republic (Archives of archiepiscopate in Prague), Family archives of Waldstein, located in The Regional State Archives in Prague and Archivio Segreto Vaticano in Cittá del Vaticano. Some subsidiary sources I have found also in Archivům Romanům Societatis Jesu, The Regional State Archives in Litoměřice or in Archivio di Pontificia Universita Gregoriana in Italy, Main issue of the thesis shapes four points: First one was the description of main events of the history of Prague archiepiscopate (and in part also of Litoměřice episcopate),...
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