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Construction and Application of Flow Amperometric Biosensor Based on Enzymatic Reactor for Determination of Choline
Tvorynska, Sofiia ; Barek, J. ; Josypčuk, Bohdan
In this contribution, a novel fast, simple and stable biosensor with the enzymatic reactor based on choline oxidase (ChOx) was developed and applied for the determination of choline using flow injection analysis with amperometric detection. The preparation of the reactor is based on the covalent immobilization of ChOx with glutaraldehyde to mesoporous silica powder (SBA-15) previously covered by NH2-groups. The experimental parameters affecting the sensitivity and stability of the biosensor were optimized. The proposed biosensor with the newly developed ChOx-based reactor possesses good repeatability, reproducibility, long-term stability, and reusability. It was successfully applied for the determination of choline in commercial pharmaceuticals.
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Electrochemical Enzymatic Biosensors for Determination of Catecholamines in Flow Systems
Josypčuk, Bohdan ; Barek, J. ; Josypčuk, Oksana
Several biosensors (BS) based on flow enzymatic mini-reactors containing a mesoporous silica powder covered by enzyme laccase or tyrosinase were used for determination of L-DOPA, dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. The silica powder of MCM-41 with covalently bonded laccase was found to be the best reactor filling for the detection of catecholamines. Relative current response of such BS was 100 % for dopamine, 32.1 % for L-DOPA, 26.2 % for noradrenaline, and 0.71 % for adrenaline. The practical applicability of Lac-MCM41 biosensor was successfully verified by the determination of dopamine and noradrenaline in medical solutions for infusions.
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Voltametrie na uhlíkové pastové elektrodě modifikované silikagelem
Šestáková, Ivana ; Navrátil, Tomáš
Kompositní uhlíkové elektrody s obsahem silikagelu 1,2 se začaly používat již v 90. letech minulého století, a to ve variantě pevné (s obsahem ceresinu) nebo pastové (s parafinovým olejem). Přítomnost silikagelu v uhlíkové pastě vede ke zlepšené amperometrické detekce látek, které lze na povrchu modifikovaném silikagelem nahromadit, a to jak látek organických, tak iontů kovů 3. Reprodukovatelnost povrchu a tím i vlastního stanovení je nejlépe zabezpečena použitím pastové elektrody se speciálně vyvinutým teflonovým držákem s pohyblivým pístem 4. Možnosti charakterizace uhlíkových pastových elektrod byly dále popsány v přehledném článku 5.\nVlastnosti uhlíkové pasty modifikované silikagelem byly dokumentovány při oxidaci flavonoidů a oxidaci kadmia v přítomnosti cysteinu a fytochelatinu PC2.
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Voltametrické stanovení pálivosti chilli paprik na elektrodě ze skelného uhlíku modifikované fosfolipidy
Skopalová, J. ; Rajcová, A. ; Vokounová, D. ; Navrátil, Tomáš
Kapsaicin je přírodní alkaloid vyskytující se v plodech chilli paprik, které patří k nejdůležitějším a nejrozšířenějším kořením. Za jejich popularitou stojí významné organoleptické vlastnosti (typická pálivá chuť), antioxidační či antimikrobiální účinky. Pálivost chilli paprik je hlavním důvodem jejich konzumace a z pohledu konzumenta představuje jednu z jejich nejdůležitějších charakteristik. Od toho se proto odvozuje potřeba tuto charakteristiku kvantifikovat. Míra pálivosti přímo souvisí s obsahem kapsaicinu a jemu podobných látek (kapsaicinoidů) v paprikách. Kromě potravinářství nachází kapsaicin své užití i v lesnictví (zemědělství) jako ochrana před okusem stromů zvěří.
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Charge Transport in Single Oligophenylene Molecular Wires with Different Anchoring Groups
Hromadová, Magdaléna ; Kolivoška, Viliam ; Šebera, Jakub ; Sebechlebská, Táňa ; Gasior, Jindřich ; Nováková Lachmanová, Štěpánka ; Mészáros, G. ; Lindner, M. ; Mayor, M. ; Valášek, M.
This work compares single molecule conductance measurements of selected organic systems containing identical oligophenylene molecular wires and different tripodal anchoring groups. Single molecule conductance G was obtained by a scanning tunneling microscopy break junction technique complemented by theoretical calculations based on the density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism. Two molecules were compared where the same oligophenylene wire is connected to one of the electrodes via a tripod substituted on each leg by a thiol group either in the meta or para position. By combined experimental and theoretical analysis it was possible to confirm that single molecule conductance in the metal-molecule-metal junction of both molecules corresponds to a fully extended molecular wire, which is attached to one of the electrodes by all three thiolate bonds of the tripod. Experimental results confirmed that G value of meta-connected molecules is lower than that of para, whereas junction formation probability was higher for meta functionalization.
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Charge Transport in Single Oligophenylene Molecular Wires with Different Anchoring Groups
Hromadová, Magdaléna ; Kolivoška, Viliam ; Šebera, Jakub ; Sebechlebská, Táňa ; Gasior, Jindřich ; Nováková Lachmanová, Štěpánka ; Mészáros, G. ; Lindner, M. ; Mayor, M. ; Valášek, M.
This work compares single molecule conductance measurements of selected organic systems containing identical oligophenylene molecular wires and different tripodal anchoring groups. Single molecule conductance G was obtained by a scanning tunneling microscopy break junction technique complemented by theoretical calculations based on the density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism. Two molecules were compared where the same oligophenylene wire is connected to one of the electrodes via a tripod substituted on each leg by a thiol group either in the meta or para position. By combined experimental and theoretical analysis it was possible to confirm that single molecule conductance in the metal-molecule-metal junction of both molecules corresponds to a fully extended molecular wire, which is attached to one of the electrodes by all three thiolate bonds of the tripod. Experimental results confirmed that G value of meta-connected molecules is lower than that of para, whereas junction formation probability was higher for meta functionalization.
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Chronopotentiometry of Papain Modified by Ruthenium Complexes
Nováková Lachmanová, Štěpánka ; Pospíšil, Lubomír ; Talbi, B. ; Salmain, M. ; Hromadová, Magdaléna
Catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction is one of known effects observed during the electrochemical studies of proteins. Constant current chronopotentiometric stripping technique is suitable tool for the study of catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction due to the formation of peak H. This contribution compares the catalytic behaviour of nonmodified papain and its artificial derivatives prepared by the interaction of organometallic complexes of ruthenium with free sulfhydryl group of protein. The comparison of the chronopotentiometric behaviour of papain and its derivatives would help to better understand the catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction in these derivatives.
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Electrochemical Investigation of Polylactic Acid/Carbon Black Composite Filament for the Manufacture of 3D Printed Electrodes
Sebechlebská, Táňa ; Vaněčková, Eva ; Shestivska, Violetta ; Kolivoška, Viliam
Fused deposition modeling 3D printing has recently attracted increasing attention as an inexpensive, fast, reliable, adaptable and environmentally friendly tool to fabricate electrodes and electrochemical cells from composites of thermoplastics and carbon nanostructures. In this work, we use electric conductance measurements and cyclic voltammetry employing Ru(acac)30/1- as an electroactive probe to demonstrate that commercial polylactic acid(PLA)/carbon black composite filaments may be readily used as functional working electrodes in aqueous electrolytes. We further devise a procedure that leads to an improvement of their electrochemical performance. Characteristics of composite filaments treated by the optimized procedure approach those of classical metallic electrodes.
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Charge Transport in Single Oligophenylene Molecular Wires with Different Anchoring Groups
Hromadová, Magdaléna ; Kolivoška, Viliam ; Šebera, Jakub ; Sebechlebská, Táňa ; Gasior, Jindřich ; Nováková Lachmanová, Štěpánka ; Mészáros, G. ; Lindner, M. ; Mayor, M. ; Valášek, M.
This work compares single molecule conductance measurements of selected organic systems containing identical oligophenylene molecular wires and different tripodal anchoring groups. Single molecule conductance G was obtained by a scanning tunneling microscopy break junction technique complemented by theoretical calculations based on the density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism. Two molecules were compared where the same oligophenylene wire is connected to one of the electrodes via a tripod substituted on each leg by a thiol group either in the meta or para position. By combined experimental and theoretical analysis it was possible to confirm that single molecule conductance in the metal-molecule-metal junction of both molecules corresponds to a fully extended molecular wire, which is attached to one of the electrodes by all three thiolate bonds of the tripod. Experimental results confirmed that G value of meta-connected molecules is lower than that of para, whereas junction formation probability was higher for meta functionalization.
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Oxidation and Reduction of Selected 1,10-Phenantrolines
Wantulok, J. ; Sokolová, Romana ; Nycz, J. E. ; Degano, I.
Derivatives of 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) are well-known bident ligands which had a lot of interesting applications thanks to their coordination abilities. Selected 1,10-phenanthroline compounds were studied by electrochemical methods. Depending on their different substituents were observed several oxidation and reduction voltammetric peaks. The study involves also in situ spectroeletrochemistry, infrared spectroscopy and identification of products by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI MS/MS.
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