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Iforgot…
Bijelič, Omer ; Kocián, Václav (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
The world, and the European continent in particular, is getting older by the year. In the future, the number of older people will form an increasing part of society, facing many challenges as a result of emerging social imbalances. The pressure on young people will be enormous. It is up to us to analyze and prepare for the society of the elderly. One of the main challenges society will face is the growth of diseases linked to older age. One of the most common diseases of older people is dementia. Dementia is a group of diseases associated with impairment of brain function and ability to perform daily functions. The graduate work in the analytical part maps the causes, symptoms and treatment methods of dementia and its influence on the architectural solution. The outputs from the analytical part will be applied in a specific architectural project.
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Nurses' approach to patients with dementia in general hospital wards
VAN HORIK, Nina
This bachelor thesis focuses on the approach of nurses to patients with dementia in standard wards. The thesis consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part contains the definition of the term dementia, distionction of individual types and stages, distinction of symptoms, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapy. Furthermore, it deals with communication and attitudes towards patients with dementia and problematic behaviour stemming from the disease. In the empirical part of the thesis, the aim was to identify general nurses' approaches to patients with dementia, the factors that may influence their approach, and then compare approaches of nurses with each other. A quantative method using a non-standardised questionnaire was chosen to conduct the research. The questionnaire was used to examine the approach of nurses to patients with dementia and to their awareness of specific and modern methods used in the care of patients with dementia. The responses of respondents from four types of standard wards were then statistically analysed. The results show that neither the length of practice nor the highest educational attainment affects the approach of nurses to patients with dementia, on the contrary, what affects their approach is the type of ward. It was also found that the use of modern methods does not depend on the education of the nurses, but again on the type of ward. The results of the investigation highlight the divergent approaches of nurses to patients with dementia and what factors may influence the approach. The result of the thesis can be used to develop a seminar to inform about modern methods in the care of patients with dementia and how to communicate and treat the patients.
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Social work with people with Alzheimer's disease
ŠTĚPÁNKOVÁ, Jitka
The thesis concerns mapping and analysing the home-based health care for people affected by Alzheimer's disease and focuses especially on coping with the role of a caregiver. Alzheimer's disease is a serious social and medical topical issue as the number of people suffering from this disease is constantly increasing and our society is yet unable to clearly identify its cause. The thesis is dived into two parts. The theoretical part describes the disease itself, the care about people with Alzheimer's disease, and social work with people suffering from Alzheimer's disease and their families. For the practical part I chose to carry out a research survey conducted through interviews with home carers.
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Specifics of freetime activities of seniors in special regime homes
MELICHAROVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor thesis deals with the specifics of leisure activities in homes with special regime in selected facilities. The first part deals with the meaning of ageing and old age, types of dementia and care for the elderly. Attention is paid to the chapter on activation, which I worked with in the last chapter. The second part contains a comparison of two facilities I worked in during my study. On the basis of the literature studied, I discussed the specifics of activation activities important for the elderly in residential facilities.
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Nutrition and cerebral neurodegenerative diseases
Šálková, Michaela ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
This bachelor‘s thesis is literary research and its topic is focused on the effect of nutrition on the development of neurodegenerative diseases. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part deals with the structure and physiology of the human brain. In the second part are described all essential nutrients which the brain needs to maintain its functions. The third part focuses on neurodegenerative diseases and their epidemiology and pathophysiology. In this part are also examined nutrients which could be possibly useful in the prevention or which could be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. Explored diseases include dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and unipolar depression.The aim of this thesis was to find accessible literature focused on this topic and make a discussion.
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Psychological burden of family caregivers of seniors with dementia and its aspects in the family system
Broučková, Eliška ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Šturma, Jaroslav (referee)
Taking care of seniors with dementia in the home environment can prove itself difficult not only for the individuals burdened with the main caretaking, but it is also challenging for their close family relationships. There is usually some way of sharing the care in the families, where more family members are put into a caregiver's position. Based on the semistructured interviews with the family caregivers this paper describes the alterations of the family relationships and the forms of support between the family members, as well as the common conflicts and rejections. The issue is being described from the point of view of the caregivers with a direct, actual and long-time experience in the home caregiving. Also the data of the interviews has been shortly compared to the information retrieved from the anxiety, depression and burden inquiries, all collected among the respondents. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Depression in the elderly with focus on people with cognitive deficit
Věchetová, Gabriela ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
Depressive symptoms are very common among people with neurocognitive disorder. The comorbidity of both diseases and the overlap of their symptoms complicates correct diagnosis and thus also the initiation of a correct treatment. The instruments of depression measuring in seniors with a severe cognitive deficit are also a discussed issue. The subject of the theoretical part is to describe the issue of depression and cognitive disorders in the old age with a focus on Alzheimer's disease, which is the most common mental disorder in the elderly together with depression. The goal of the empirical part of the thesis is to research based on the interviews with seniors if the most frequently used method of depression measuring in the elderly, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), is a suitable measuring instrument also in seniors with a cognitive deficit and further examine how these seniors actually experience the individual mood qualities which are the subjects of items in GDS. Forty seniors with a various degree of cognitive deficit participated in the research. The study results showed that the questionnaire is usable for seniors with a mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia. To detect the border of the cognitive deficit, below which it is not suitable to use the depression measuring method GDS, a...
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Mechanisms of comorbidity of metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases
Tauchman, Martin ; Telenský, Petr (advisor) ; Brožka, Hana (referee)
In Czechia, number of people with neurodegenerative diseases is in the hundreds of thousands, and the lifetime health care costs and social impact of each patient's disease reach hundreds of thousands of euros, but these costs could be reduced by early and effective intervention. Its correct implementation could be helped by knowledge of causal links between neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, whose prevalence is correlated in the population. One of the important factors is an increased pro-inflammatory immune response. In people with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic inflammation evolves into neuroinflammation, which subsequently leads to neurodegeneration. Another mechanism is hyperglycaemia, which is a consequence of insulin resistance. Hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia lead to impaired expression of glucose transporters and insulin-degrading enzyme, resulting in reduced clearance of amyloid beta. Genetic background is also recognized as a highly influential factor, affecting various mechanisms in both beneficial and harmful ways. Lifestyle is also an important factor. In general, smoking and alcohol consumption are harmful to health. Both increased consumption of alcoholic beverages and smoking tobacco products can lead to metabolic disorders as well as neurodegeneration. On the...
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