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Genetická variabilita středoevropských buchanek r.Cyclops
Krajíček, Martin ; Černý, Martin (vedoucí práce) ; Hudec, Igor (oponent)
I studied the genetic diversity of central European Cyclops (Crustacea, Copepoda) species. The present thesis deals with all species of the genus Cyclops known from the Czech Republic (C. strenuus, C. vicinus, C. abyssorum, C.insignis, C. singularis and C. furcifer); the occurrence of C. singularis and C. heberti there is recorded herein for the first time. Other two species under study are C. ochridanus, an endemic species from the Ohrid lake, and an apparently new species of the genus Cyclops from the Retezat Mts. in Romania. Populations of Cyclops abyssorum from Romania, Slovakia and Switzerland were studied as well. The amplification of a part of the COI mitochondrial gene, using the universal arthropod primer (Folmer et al. 1994) or primers derived from it, was successful only in less than half of the populations under study. In contrast, amplification of a part of the 12S srRNA gene, using the primer of Machida et al. (2002), worked very well in all the populations. Cyclops abyssorum, a morphologically and ecologically variable species, showed very low between-population sequence polymorphism. The ecotypes "praealpinus", "divulsus" and "tatricus" seem to lack a species or subspecies status. They are likely to be, as Einsle (1980) supposed, morphological variations only. Populations of C....
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Phylogeny, phylogeography and taxonomy of selected members of the family Bosminidae
Faustová, Markéta ; Sacherová, Veronika (vedoucí práce) ; Hudec, Igor (oponent) ; Schwenk, Klaus (oponent)
Phylogeography, taxonomy, and systematics of chosen members of family Bosminidae Abstract of Ph.D. Thesis MSc Markéta Faustová Supervisors: RNDr. Veronika Sacherová, Ph.D. - Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Dr. Derek J. Taylor, Ph.D. - New York State University at Buffalo, U.S.A. For their life cycles, phenotypic plasticity, presence of sibling species and worldwide distribution, cladocerans are useful organisms for evolutionary studies with the aim to understand mechanisms of speciation, adaptive radiation, and polymorphism. While members of the genus Daphnia (family Daphniidae) became an iconic model in such studies, members of the family Bosminidae posses comparably interesting set of characteristics that could help to elucidate speciation mechanisms. In particular, members of the genus Eubosmina are known for extreme levels of phenotypic plasticity, especially in the Circumbaltic region, which puzzled the taxonomy and confused relationships of all described morphotypes since the first Eubosmina was described in 1857. The presented thesis explores genetic and morphometrical relationships with the aim to clarify how closely related all the described morphospecies are, to find out if there are some reproductive barriers and how strong these barriers are, how is the present-day structure of...
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Genetická variabilita středoevropských buchanek r.Cyclops
Krajíček, Martin ; Černý, Martin (vedoucí práce) ; Hudec, Igor (oponent)
I studied the genetic diversity of central European Cyclops (Crustacea, Copepoda) species. The present thesis deals with all species of the genus Cyclops known from the Czech Republic (C. strenuus, C. vicinus, C. abyssorum, C.insignis, C. singularis and C. furcifer); the occurrence of C. singularis and C. heberti there is recorded herein for the first time. Other two species under study are C. ochridanus, an endemic species from the Ohrid lake, and an apparently new species of the genus Cyclops from the Retezat Mts. in Romania. Populations of Cyclops abyssorum from Romania, Slovakia and Switzerland were studied as well. The amplification of a part of the COI mitochondrial gene, using the universal arthropod primer (Folmer et al. 1994) or primers derived from it, was successful only in less than half of the populations under study. In contrast, amplification of a part of the 12S srRNA gene, using the primer of Machida et al. (2002), worked very well in all the populations. Cyclops abyssorum, a morphologically and ecologically variable species, showed very low between-population sequence polymorphism. The ecotypes "praealpinus", "divulsus" and "tatricus" seem to lack a species or subspecies status. They are likely to be, as Einsle (1980) supposed, morphological variations only. Populations of C....
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Phylogeny, phylogeography and taxonomy of selected members of the family Bosminidae
Faustová, Markéta ; Sacherová, Veronika (vedoucí práce) ; Hudec, Igor (oponent) ; Schwenk, Klaus (oponent)
Phylogeography, taxonomy, and systematics of chosen members of family Bosminidae Abstract of Ph.D. Thesis MSc Markéta Faustová Supervisors: RNDr. Veronika Sacherová, Ph.D. - Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Dr. Derek J. Taylor, Ph.D. - New York State University at Buffalo, U.S.A. For their life cycles, phenotypic plasticity, presence of sibling species and worldwide distribution, cladocerans are useful organisms for evolutionary studies with the aim to understand mechanisms of speciation, adaptive radiation, and polymorphism. While members of the genus Daphnia (family Daphniidae) became an iconic model in such studies, members of the family Bosminidae posses comparably interesting set of characteristics that could help to elucidate speciation mechanisms. In particular, members of the genus Eubosmina are known for extreme levels of phenotypic plasticity, especially in the Circumbaltic region, which puzzled the taxonomy and confused relationships of all described morphotypes since the first Eubosmina was described in 1857. The presented thesis explores genetic and morphometrical relationships with the aim to clarify how closely related all the described morphospecies are, to find out if there are some reproductive barriers and how strong these barriers are, how is the present-day structure of...
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