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Heredity of morphological facial features: geometric morphometric analysis of 3D virtual models of the human face
Suchanová, Gabriela ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Moslerová, Veronika (referee)
In this master thesis, heritability of human facial morphology was observed in families from the phenotypic point of view. With the use of Vectra facial scanner, 3D virtual facial models of 121 individuals from 30 families were taken. Each family was composed of the parents and at least two adult children. Surface nets of the face were evaluated by the geometric morphometrics methods (coherent point drift - dense correspondence analysis, principal component analysis, Hotteling T2 test). Facial dimensions were evaluated by methods of classical anthropometry (Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, canonical correlations). With the use of geometric morphometrics methods, the whole face, orbitonasal and orbital areas were analysed. In this part of research, no relation was found between facial morphology of parents and children. The difference of distances between children and their parents and children and unrelated individuals was not statistically significant. However, statistically significant similarity was found among siblings compared to unrelated individuals and increased with reducing facial area. The lowest p-values were found for the variability of shape in orbital area. With the use of methods of classical anthropometry, an effect of the sex of children...
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Heredity of morphological facial features: geometric morphometric analysis of 3D virtual models of the human face
Suchanová, Gabriela ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Moslerová, Veronika (referee)
In this master thesis, heritability of human facial morphology was observed in families from the phenotypic point of view. With the use of Vectra facial scanner, 3D virtual facial models of 121 individuals from 30 families were taken. Each family was composed of the parents and at least two adult children. Surface nets of the face were evaluated by the geometric morphometrics methods (coherent point drift - dense correspondence analysis, principal component analysis, Hotteling T2 test). Facial dimensions were evaluated by methods of classical anthropometry (Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, canonical correlations). With the use of geometric morphometrics methods, the whole face, orbitonasal and orbital areas were analysed. In this part of research, no relation was found between facial morphology of parents and children. The difference of distances between children and their parents and children and unrelated individuals was not statistically significant. However, statistically significant similarity was found among siblings compared to unrelated individuals and increased with reducing facial area. The lowest p-values were found for the variability of shape in orbital area. With the use of methods of classical anthropometry, an effect of the sex of children...
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Possibilities and limits of auxological studies in past populations
Suchanová, Gabriela ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Sedlak, Petr (referee)
Auxological studies in bioarcheology provide valuable information about the health of children in past populations. They show the influence of various environmnetal factors, non- specific stress or illness during growth. The stress following the growth retardation of subadults who survive until adulthood will influence the function and general health of the entire population. Despite all the achieved results in this field, auxological studies comprise of many problems. It is necessary to remember that the archaeological samples of children who died of unknown reasons are compared with modern growth standards, also the secular trend of recent population needs to be allowed for. The question is whereas the growth of children who died prematurely represents accuretly the growth of those who survived until adulthood. Of importance is a precise estimation of age of subadult skeletons. To minimalize faults associated to paleoauxological studies in bioarchaeology, it is necessary to compare the samples of related populations where possible, use the same techniques of age-at-death estimation, take account of migrations and so on.
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