Vnitřní mikrotubulární proteiny

Bočan, Václav

Microtubules are a prominent part of the cytoskeletal network in eukaryotic cells. They are involved in nearly all cellular processes, e.g. in vesicular trafficking, signal transduction, locomotion, or cell morphogenesis. To discharge that many functions, precise regulation of microtubule dynamics and architecture is essential. Such regulation is maintained by various microtubule-associated proteins, which usually bind from the outside. However, several proteins were found to bind in the lumen of microtubules. These microtubule inner proteins were shown to function either as post-translational modifiers of tubulin or stabilizers in time- persistent microtubular structures. A few inner proteins were identified, but our understanding of their attributes is still incomplete. This thesis summarizes current knowledge of microtubule inner proteins. The scope is focused on their enzymatic and structural features. Tubulin acetyltransferase represents the enzymatic MIPs. Possible ways of lumen entry and impact on the tubulin lattice are described. Next, the structural roles of proteins inside microtubules, most prominent in the axoneme, are outlined. The relevance of microtubule inner proteins for cytoskeletal functions, flagellar motility, and future perspectives are discussed at the end.

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