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Response of tree rings and NDVI of Central-European conifers to extreme climatic events
Mašek, Jiří ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Šilhán, Karel (referee) ; Piermattei, Alma (referee)
Terrestrial ecosystems, mainly forests are important sinks of atmospheric carbon with high year-to-year variability driven by moisture availability. Trees store carbon in various compartments of the biomass, namely in stems, roots, and leaves. In this doctoral thesis, I investigated climate-growth responses of stem biomass (represented by tree rings) and leaf biomass (represented by normalized difference vegetation index; NDVI) of Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies in temperate forests of Czechia. I was interested in (i) general climate-growth responses and specifically, in reactions to drought and (ii) topographical factors influencing these responses at various spatial scales. We demonstrated that climate-growth responses of both species' tree rings in the lowlands revealed a significant positive and negative influence of moisture and temperature, respectively, while in higher elevations the responses were opposite. At a landscape level, the topography of relief modulated responses of Pinus sylvestris tree rings, while at the large-scale level, the geographical position and elevation (temperature gradients) were the main factors for both species. Responses of NDVI were slightly weaker compared to tree rings and did not show the influence of topography at any scale probably because vegetation...
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Evaluation of machine elements surface topography by optical profilometer
Vrána, Jakub ; Křupka, Ivan (referee) ; Šperka, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with the issue of surface texture topography of engineering parts. Research provides general view of surface texture topography evaluation and puts the aforementioned into the context of international standards. In the practical part of this thesis, an experiment is implemented. With help of optical interferometer, parameters are measured and their robustness is evaluated. In the conclusion part of this thesis, acquired information are evaluated and resumed.
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Advanced methods of surface topography evaluation
Šindelka, Marek ; Sliwková, Petra (referee) ; Píška, Miroslav (advisor)
This thesis focuses on a measuring and topography of a components´ surface evaluation and it contains the overview of basic methods which includes the description of contact and non-contact measuring devices. Furthermore, the thesis also describes ways of surface texture evaluation through profiled and areal method, including an outline of ČSN ISO parameters. The practical part of the thesis focuses on the evaluation of metric threads´ M10 surface, crafted by diverse cutting and forming threads. The surface was scanned with the optical device called Alicona IFM G5 and it was evaluated through the profiled and areal method. The 2D and 3D parameters were acquired and then compared during the measuring.
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Study of the morphology of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite irradiated by argon ions
Komínek, Josef ; Kaspar, Pavel (referee) ; Sobola, Dinara (advisor)
The main task of this bachelor’s degree work is study of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) using atomif force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and XPS spectroscopy. HOPG is layered material: atoms in one layer have stronger bong between themselves than two atoms in two neighbouring layers. Wide application options require further study. HOPG is now commonly used in nano-industry. It is used as a dimension standard. HOPG of A quality was processed in this work. In order to get accurate 3D data of sample surface, AFM measuring was done. 3D models of surfaces of various sizes are made. For these purposes was used free AFM data tool. Height parameters are used to describe topography. Got parameters are important for further study.
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Charakterizace tenkovrstvých elektroluminiscenčních součástek
Ahmed, Mustafa M. Abdalla ; Hrabovský, Miroslav (referee) ; Tománek, Pavel (advisor)
Jádrem této disertační práce bylo studovat optické a elektrické charakteristiky tenkovrstvých elektroluminiscenčních součástek řízených střídavým proudem (ACTFEL) a zejména vliv procesu stárnutí luminiforů na jejich optické a elektrické vlastnosti. Cílem této studie měl být příspěvek ke zvýšení celkové účinnosti luminoforů, vyjádřené pomocí jasu, účinnosti a stability. Vzhledem k tomu, že současnou dominantní technologií plochých obrazovek je LCD, musí se další alternativní technologie plošných displejů porovnávat s LCD. Výhodou ACTFEL displejů proti LCD je lepší rozlišení, větší teplotní rozsah činnosti, větší čtecí úhel, či možnost čtení při mnohem vyšší intenzitě pozadí. Na druhou stranu je jejich nevýhodou vyšší energetická náročnost, problém s odpovídající barevností tří základních barev a podstatně vyšší napětí nutné pro činnost displeje. K dosažení tohoto cíle jsme provedli optická, elektrická a optoelektrická měření ACTFEL struktur a ZnS:Mn luminoforů. Navíc jsme studovali vliv dotování vrstvy pomocí KCl na chování mikrostruktury a na elektroluminiscenční vlastnosti (zejména na jas a světelnou účinnost) ZnS:Mn luminoforů. Provedli jsme i některá, ne zcela obvyklá, měření ACTFEL součástek. Vypočítali jsme i rozptylový poměr nabitých barevných center a simulovali transportní charakteristiky v ACTFEL součástkách. Studovali jsme vliv stárnutí dvou typů ZnS:Mn luminoforů (s vrstvou napařenou či získanou pomocí epitaxe atomových vrstev) monitorováním závislostí svítivost-napětí (L-V), velikost vnitřního náboje - elektrické pole luminoforu (Q-Fp) a kapacitance-napětí (C-V) ve zvolených časových intervalech v průběhu stárnutí. Provedli jsme krátkodobá i dlouhodobá měření a pokusili jsme se i o vizualizaci struktury luminoforu se subvlnovým rozlišením pomocí optického rastrovacího mikroskopu pracujícího v blízkém poli (SNOM). Na praktickém případu zeleného Zn2GeO4:Mn (2% Mn) ACTFEL displeje, pracujícího při 50 Hz, jsme také studovali stabilitu svítivosti pomocí měření závislosti svítivosti na napětí (L-V) a světelné účinnosti na napětí (eta-V). Přitom byl zhodnocen význam těchto charakteristik. Nezanedbatelnou a neoddělitelnou součástí této práce je i její pedagogický aspekt. Předložený text by mohl být využit i jako učebnice pro studenty na mé univerzitě v Lybii.
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5-Minutes Neighbourhood
Gregorová, Stanislava ; Zadražilová,, Miroslava (referee) ; Menšíková, Naděžda (advisor)
The specified area is located in the city district Brno - Židenice, near the railway station. The theme of the thesis is the architectural study of selected part of the multifunctional intense urban structure, which was solved in the pre-diploma project. Draft uses the building site intensively, provides high plot ratio and density of population, a wide range of functions in a relatively small area is related to the elimination of transportation. By using topography the proposal creates a permeable areas, buildings with relations to the surroundings and with quality public spaces and attractive housing. Pick-up railway cancels barrier and makes a space with landscaping. Readability is achieved by linking the territory from east to west by straight streets and from north to south by passages. The development creates three centers, the commercial center of the north, center of culture in the heart of the area and the center of relaxation and sport in the south. Basic grid of development has a checkerboard plan, which reflects the grid of surrounding structure. The new development varies in its scale, from large scale buildings in the parterre decays into smaller scale. Function division is horrizontal. There are underground parking, a parterre with shops and services, a floor with offices and work study open to the courtyard and housing on the upper floors. Thus formed structure provides enough light in the courtyards and flats. The segmentation is supported by materials, bricks in the parterre contrast with the monotone plaster on the upper floors.
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Moravian Wine Center
Fűlőpová, Andrea ; Myslín,, Jiří (referee) ; Dýr, Petr (advisor)
Modern winery complex hotel Hrůdek is situated on the north part of village Velké Pavlovice, in the heart of south Moravia the Czech Republic. Its significant placement on the south hillside offers beautiful views to the vineyards and apricot plantations. The architectural form of the building is inspired by the regularity and rhythm of vineyard lines, significant horizontal landscape around and rounded contour lines. Embedding of the building into the slope reacts to the topography of the terrain and refers to the traditional principle of local two-storey wine press houses. From the upper part is the entrance to the accommodation part and from the lover part of the slope is entrance to the wine cellar – the gallery of wine. Hotel offers 4-stars class accommodation, two congress halls, restaurant, wellness and gallery of the wine. Project integrates energetic eco-friendly concepts and its proposed as the self-sufficient building.
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HOUSE ON THE FOOTHILL - TOWN HOUSE IN THE HISTORICAL CENTRE
Dvořáková, Eva ; Rudiš, Viktor (referee) ; Oplatek, Jiří (advisor)
The main objective of the master´s thesis was a design of the town house in the complicated topografical situation of the foothill of Pekařská street. The topography of the building site is influenced by its surroundings. The street Pekařská is lowering from east to west, but the road Anenská is rising from east to west. The biggest difference between the the lowest and the highest point of the site is 7,5 m. This situation enables to design three entrances to three different floors of the building. An outstanding point of the design of the house is a composition axis which is running up Pekařská street. The town house is facing this axis thus the main entrance of the house is accented. There was a compact house designed, which takes advantage of its very good position – there is a two-floor solution with a shopping mall. The hall in its middle is opening over two floors and it is lightened through a roof lightwell. On this platform is situated an „L“ shaped part of the building, which creates a protection against very noisy Pekařská street. The house is opening its form to the south, to a sunny roof garden. This garden is opened only for inhabitants of the house. The garden improves the quality of the living in the house and substitutes a green area, which used to be in this place. The shape of the building is lowering down from Pekařská street to Anenská road. There are some terraces designed this way to improve the living in the roof apartments and provide a beatiful view to the west.
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Design of settlement structure of contemporary city in historical context.
Macholánová, Petra ; Obrtlík,, Jan (referee) ; Májek, Jan (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with an urban study on the territory of Červený kopec, specifically in the part of the territory of Stráň. It is a locality stated as a brownfield Kohnova cihelna. The proposal aims to make the most of the potential of this site, which lies in its proximity to the city center, the neighborhood of the national natural monument, a significant area of greenery and the views that this place provides due to its topographic situation. A new city district is proposed on the area of 18 hectares, which would cover one of the "brownfield holes" on the map of the city of Brno and at the same time help against the outflow of population to the outskirts of the city and against the creation of urban satellites. Numerous public opinion polls show that they would like to live close to the city, but at the same time especially young families long for their own house in a quiet countryside location. Therefore, a compact development of terraced houses, terrace villas and blocks of flats with private courtyards is proposed here, complemented by quality public space and civic amenities. This new city district would offer housing for about 3,500 new residents.
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Local characterization of electronic devices
Müller, Pavel ; Škarvada, Pavel (referee) ; Tománek, Pavel (advisor)
The development of micro and nanoelectronics and nanophotonics needs novel characterization techniques to ensure higher quality of designed devices. The thesis describes a use of Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (SNOM) in dimensional control and in local investigation of diverse physical parameters. As example of its potential, the correlation between object topography and reflection measurement of capacitors is shown.
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