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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Reproductive interactions between diploids and triploids of flowering rush (Butomus umbellatus) and their evolutionary potential for mediating inter-ploidy gene flow
 Petříková, Eliška ; Čertner, Martin (advisor) ; Prančl, Jan (referee)
Contact zones of cytotypes harbour a unique opportunity to study the dynamics and evolution of mixed-ploidy systems. Butomus umbellatus (flowering rush) is one of a few species in which diploid and triploid cytotype is present in nature. The first known mixed-ploidy populations of B. umbellatus were discovered in south-eastern Slovakia during the previous studies. Common occurrence of the species in an area with substantially natural dynamics of wetland ecosystems represents a unique model system for unbiased comparisons of traits and genetic diversity between diploid and triploid individuals along with their dispersal capabilities on a landscape level. The main aim of of this thesis is to uncover the truth behind evolutionary processes that are taking place in the contact zone of diploid and triplioid cytotype of B. umbellatus in south-eastern Slovakia. Using flow cytometry and molecular methods (microsatellites) we will test whether this is a primary or secondary contact zone and assess the level of genetic variability between individuals and populations of both cytotypes. Using the analysis od microsatellite loci we discovered that the contact zone of cytotype is of both primary and secondary character and gene flow between cytotypes was also detected. These results were supported by high production and...
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The strength and mechanisms of postzygotic breeding barriers between diploids and polyploids in plants
 Petříková, Eliška ; Čertner, Martin (advisor) ; Bohutínská, Magdalena (referee)
The aim of this literature survey is to focus on whole genome duplication as a mechanism of sympatric speciation in plant populations, to explain the principals of reproductive isolation between neopolyploids and their diploid ancestors and to discuss the efficiency of reproductive isolation among various plant species. The mechanism of so-called triploid block will be introduced in this thesis. Triploids block is a form of postzygotic reproductive isolation which is realized during interpolidy crosses. The two main mechanisms of triploid block are the hybrid inviability, means production of inviable hybrid seed, and reduced fertility of triploid hybrids by production of aneuploid or inviable gametes. The efficiency of triploid block varies between plant species and these differences will be also discussed. The reduction in reproductive isolation often leads to gene flow between cytotypes. Mechanisms and intensity of gene flow between cytotypes of various species will be also introduced. In the end, this thesis will be enriched with a summary of existing knowledge about cytotype variability in populations of Butomus umbellatus, the model species for following master's thesis.
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