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Determination of glucose by different analytical systems
ŠTECHEROVÁ, Monika
The determination of blood glucose by three different analytic systems - Abbott Architect c16000, glucometr SensoStra GL 30 Touch and the self-monitoring glucometer Contour Plus. overall 30 random patient samples were measured at four analyzers. The mesured values for the internal control quality were evaluated and the regular verifications of the methods were realized at the analyzer Abbott Architect c16000 and glucometers SensoStar GL 30 Touch.
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Diabetes mellitus and related conditions
Kurková, Simone ; Kara, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (referee)
Diabetes mellitus is one of the non-communicable diseases of mass occurrence. Other diseases, such as diseases of the nervous or vascular system, are often associated with diabetes itself. This thesis discusses diabetes and these associated diseases, which occur most often together with diabetes. The aim of the thesis was to describe the development and therapy of diabetes itself and the resulting oncological disease of the pancreas. Another goal was to capture the dietary habits of interviewed persons with a newly diagnosed pancreatic tumor and determine nutritional interventions depending on the diet record. As these cases were very specific, the practical part was processed in the form of a case study. The work includes 4 case studies of patients with diabetes mellitus together with oncological disease of the pancreas. Each case study also includes nutritional recommendations for improving or maintaining the quality of life and compensating for the disease. The topic of diabetes and oncological disease of the pancreas is not sufficiently explored and therefore there is a need for further research that would deal with these topics. keywords: diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus and related conditions, complications of diabetes, diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer
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Gestational type diabetes of mellitus and it´s laboratory determination
SVOBODOVÁ, Nikola
Abstract I am a medical laboratory technician working in a biochemical-immunological laboratory, and almost every week I come across the results of screening tests that reveal impaired glucose tolerance in pregnant women. Some of them are then diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. The global incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus is reported to be approximately 14% of all pregnancies and usually resolves spontaneously by the end of the sixth trimester. Of course, there are also cases when the condition persists and due to long-term consequences, besides other things, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases. (Goldmannová, 2019) Such women continue to be treated and monitored when switching to the classic diabetes mellitus disease. In my work, I decided to provide a comprehensive overview for the medical laboratory technicians, as well as to collect data on gestational diabetes in the vicinity of Nový Bor. This work aims to create an overview of gestational diabetes and risks for mother and fetus, to describe the course of screening laboratory examination and determination of gestational diabetes mellitus on its own tested group. For the last year and a half, I have monitored the conditions of pregnant women who come to our outpatient department to undergo an oral glucose test. Before the examination, I had the patients fill out voluntary questionnaires. I created the questions based on the risk factors I was looking for, which could have influenced the course of the pregnancy or the development of gestational diabetes. After an overall evaluation of the examined results from the examination and comparison with questionnaires, I evaluated which risk factors are present in women with proven GDM to a greater extent and therefore, depending on their occurrence, could lead to the development of the disease.
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Education By A Nurse In The Primary Care Of Patients Suffering From Chronic Diseases
JUNGOVÁ, Viktorie
This bachelor thesis deals with nurse education in the primary care of patients suffering from chronic diseases, specifically diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity in paediatric patients. The thesis consists of two parts, a theoretical and an empirical. The theoretical part first focuses on education, basic concepts, the process of education, design and preparation for education, implementation and evaluation. It also deals with primary care, its goals and scope, and finally education for diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity in paediatric patients. The empirical part has been carried out in the form of qualitative research through interviews with nurses from GPs for adults and GPs for children and adolescents. The aim was to find out how nurses in primary care actually educate patients with selected chronic diseases. The interviews have been conducted according to pre-prepared questions in which the nurses participated. The research group consisted of five nurses from a general practitioner's office for adults and five nurses from a general practitioner for children and adolescents. The results of the research survey have been categorized into seven categories. The result of the research survey points out that education is most often carried outintheform of a short interview, recommendations and subsequent publication of information leaflets. The nurses cannot rely on whether these leaflets are effective and patients really take them home and study them. The results of the thesis can serve as an aid for orientation in the education of patients with chronic diseases. They can be beneficial to nurses in primary care and can also serve as information material for the public.
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Frequency of blood groups at the AB0 blood group system in patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus
FÜRSTOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor's thesis "Frequency of blood groups at the ABO blood group system in patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus" focuses on the issue of blood groups at the ABO blood group system and gestational diabetes mellitus. Today, the number of pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus is still growing. This is mainly due to the increasing age of pregnant women, which is the current trend. Another risk factor is an overweight, which more and more Czechs and especially Czech women suffer from, as a result of their unhealthy lifestyle. The context between the blood group at the ABO blood group system and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus has not yet been sufficiently investigated in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The main aim of the study was to determine whether there is a connection between the blood groups at the ABO blood group system and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. The aim has been met. The results of the study show that there is no connection between the blood groups at the ABO blood group system and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. In the investigative part of the bachelor's thesis, a set of pregnant women´s blood samples was examined in laboratory examinations. The blood group from the blood group system ABO (A, B, AB and O) was identified for each woman. Pregnant women were also examined for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus - that is, whether or not pregnant women were assigned a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. The frequency of diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus at particular blood groups of the ABO blood group system was statistically evaluated, for example, using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The investigative results of the bachelor thesis can serve as an information source and can be used for other investigative purposes.
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Diabetic versus eating in public establishments (candy store) - production of ice cream for diabetics.
KRČMÁŘOVÁ, Lucie
In my bachelor thesis I deal with one of the most common diseases of civilization, diabetes mellitus. The theoretical part contains historical facts, information about anatomy of the pankreas, epidemiological characteristics and types of diabetes, as well as diagnosis, treatment and complications of this disease. In the part dealing with nutrition, I deal with macronutrients and micronutrients found in diabetic nutrition, glycemic index, recommendations for diabetics and the main topic of my bachelor thesis, sweeteners. In the practical part I deal with the production of two types of fruit sorbets (strawberry and raspberry) with the addition of artificial sweetener - sucralose. This ice cream is tested on five healthy volunteers and five volunteers with 1. and 2,. type of diabetes compared to strawberry and raspberry sorbet with sugar. The result of the research is to found out how individual types of the ice cream affect the glycemic curve of healthy volunteers and volunteers with diabetes.
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The role of the teacher´s assistant in child with diabetes mellitus at the first grade of primary school.
SILOVSKÁ, Lucie
The goal of this bachelor´s work is to describe position of the assistent of the pedagogue at the student with diagnosis diabetes mellitus and suggest reducement of negative impacts of special educative needs of the student to the ecucation with a help of assistant of the pedagogue. Bachelor´s work consists of two parts. Teoretical part relyes on special literature. First part specialises in diabetes mellitus, its history, type of diabetes, its acute and chronic complications, aids for treatment of diabetes mellitus 1st type, treatment by insuline pump, nourishment and sport, last two chaptures are interested in student with diabetes at the elementary school. Second part of teoretical part is dedicated to the assistent of pedagogue, his/her aktivity and personal assumptions. Practical part is refering to own qualitative research, when research group was made up from students of chosen elementary schools. Students were chosen from 3 different elementary schools in Prague. Practical part consists of 3 case studies refering to the students at 1st level elementary school with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The data collection took place with a help of document study, interviews with parents, teachers and asistents of pedagogues and will be completed by observing. Preparation of this work came out from professional literature and publications, from laws and results of performer research.
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Patients with diabetes mellitus which do not keep medical regime from the perspective of nursing care
ŠVANCÁROVÁ, Anna
The bachelor's thesis on the topic: "Patients with diabetes mellitus which do not keep medical regime from the perspective of nursing care" had two goals. The first one was about to identify the causes of non-adherence to medical regime from the perspective of patients with diabetes mellitus and the second one to describe nurse's task to patient with diabetes mellitus non-adherent to medical regime. Following these goals there were formulatedthree research questions, that are: What interventions are performed by general nurses in the care ofPatients with diabetes mellitus which do not keep medical regime ? What causes lead to not keep the medical regime from the patient, who has diabetes mellitus, point of view? How does the communication betweennurses and patients, with diabetes mellitus on the medical regime, affect the level of cooperation? The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of individual types of DM diseases, as well as complications associated with this disease, both acute and chronic. Furthermore, the work describes treatment options for this disease and, last but not least, deals with the education of patients with DM. In the empirical partwas usedthe methodology of qualitative research. Data collection was performed by using a semi-structured interview. There were prepared two variations of semi-structured interviews.The first one was conducted with patients with DM disease who did not follow the treatment regime and the secondwith nurses working with these patients. The interview with patients with DM not following the medical regimecontained 15 questions. The interview with the nurses working with these patients included 16 questions. Both semi-structured interviews were filled in by sub-questions where appropriate. Interviews were in most cases recorded in the form of a sound recording, and only after prior informing of the respondent and with his consent. They were also recorded in writing on paper. These audio recordings were later also transcribed into written form and subsequently processed by the open coding method, the "pencil-paper" technique. The informants were assured of complete anonymity. The research group consisted of patients with DM not adhering to the medical regime and with nurses working with these patients. The results of research set A are presented in the form of 4 categories and the results of research set B are presented in the form of 3 categories. All categories are also divided into subcategories, which are clearly schematically shown in the work. The individual categories represent answers to the research questions mentioned in this bachelor's thesis. This work can serve as an educational material for nurses who work with patients with DM that don't follow the medical regimen. Furthermore, the results can be used by medical students who want to learn more about causes of non-adherence to treatment regime by patients with DM and what roleplays a nurse in the care of these patients.
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Determination of glycohemoglobin by HPLC method
KUNÍKOVÁ, Martina
This bachelor thesis deals with the determination of the glycated hemoglobin by the HPLC method at two analyzers D-10 from the company Bio-Rad. The sample values for the internal control quality were measured and evaluated for two devices in the period from November 2019 to March 2020 in this bachelor thesis. The regular verification of the method was realized for both analyzers. The SEKK samples were measured in the planned survey of external quality assesment SEKK Compensation of diabetes KD 1/20. The regular comparation of both analyzers was performed by the measurement of laboratory samples once in the month. Overall 50 samples were measured in this period. The results of this bachelor thesis are part of a monitoring of the laboratory determination quality control and they are the base for the improving of the work quality in the laboratory and the base for the increase of the effectiveness of the laboratory's quality management system. Key words
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Dietary habits of children from age 6 to 12 suffering from diabetes mellitus type 1
ŠUBOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor's thesis I focuses on the topic of Dietary habits of children from age 6 to 12 suffering from diabetes mellitus type 1. It is based around this group of children because they will be living with diabetes their whole life and as they are getting more independent at this age, it is necessary to teach them as much as possible. The theoretical part of this thesis includes the description of diabetes mellitus itself. Then it focuses on type 1 diabetes only because this type occurs amongst children the most. The theoretical part then contains information about how to prevent type 1 diabetes, how to diagnose it, what complications can occur and possible treatments. There is also an in-depth description of proper eating habits of people suffering from this disease. The end of the theoretical part is dedicated to characterization of 'young school age', dieting of young children and school catering. Aims of this bachelor's thesis were: to map eating habits of children with diabetes mellitus type 1, to compare them to eating habits of healthy children and to map physical activity of children suffering from diabetes. The research involved 10 children - half of them suffering from type 1 diabetes, the other half were healthy children. Data were obtained in an interview, through a survey and by listing the food intake. It appears that children suffering from type 1 diabetes tend to have more variety in their diet, they consume some kind of food (e.g. vegetables and fruit) more often and they also have higher fiber intake than healthy children. Analysing the food intake revealed lower average intake of fats and energy amongst children who suffer from diabetes. The amount of fats consumed by children with diabetes corresponded with recommendations. But, according to recommendations, energy intake was not correct in either one of these groups of children.
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