|
|
Regular physical activity as a circadian Zeitgeber
Fenclová, Aneta ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Červená, Kateřina (referee)
The function of almost every cell in the body is regulated by the circadian system. At the whole-body level, this system consists of the main oscillator, which is formed by the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, and peripheral oscillators of individual organs and tissues. This system is sensitive to periodic changes in the external environment, particularly to the alternation of light and darkness, and under unfavorable lighting conditions, it can lead to desynchronization of both this timing system with the solar cycle and the mutual desynchronization of individual organs and tissues. This temporal mismatch of physiological processes can cause a range of diseases and metabolic disorders, and can be partially prevented by regular physical activity. Daily oscillations of circadian rhythms in many cardiovascular and metabolic parameters also determine the ideal time of day for anaerobic performance. This bachelor's thesis is a selection and comparison of information from professional literature and available studies dealing with the mutual influence of physical activity and circadian rhythms. There are works mentioned here that test the effect of physical activity on internal desynchronization of the melatonin rhythm and sleep pattern, on the circadian synchronization of skeletal muscle, as...
|
|
|
Circadian regulation of the cardiovascular system
Nováková, Jessica ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Galatík, František (referee)
Circadian system consist of the main circadian oscillator and the peripheral oscillators. Their function is to enable the adaptation of living organisms to the diurnal environmental changes. Circadian system regulates rhythmical expression of genes in nearly every cell of the body, thereby affecting both the physiological and behavioural processes of mammals and other animals. This bachelor's thesis summarizes a knowledge from experiments which led to the demonstration of circadian rhytms in cardiovascular system. To introduce the topic, the first discoveries of circadian rhythms in the cardiovascular system are mentioned. Then, we focus on the circadian rhythms in cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells and in vascular smooth muscle cells. Another focal point of my thesis is the role of transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 15. Circadian regulation of the cardiovascular system is important for the proper function of the heart and blood vessels. Circadian disruption can cause severe pathophysiological and cardiovascular conditions, such as ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease. Key words: circadian, clock genes, cardiovascular system, cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, Krüppel-like factor...
|
|
|
Circadian system in bulbus olfactorius
Kyclerová, Hana ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Polidarová, Lenka (referee)
The mammalian circadian system is composed of major circadian pacemaker located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and peripheral circadian oscillators. Molecular mechanism of interlocked transcription-translation feedback loops, as a characteristic of each circadian oscillator, results in circadian rhythms. Peripheral oscillators in other brain parts and body organs are driven by the signals from the suprachiasmatic nuclei. Some structures however generate oscillations independently from the major circadian pacemaker. The best described of them resides in the mammalian retina. The retinal circadian oscillator regulates local rhythmic synthesis of melatonin, retinal pH and photoreceptors viability. Recently, some studies occur charactering the existence of such an independent circadian oscillator also in bulbus olfactorius. For example, the olfactory bulb circadian oscillator drives olfactory sensitivity during the day. Studies about development of the mamalian circadian system have shown that the olfactory bulb circadian oscillator matures earlier than the major circadian pacemaker and represents its function during early development. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Circadian system in bulbus olfactorius
Kyclerová, Hana ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Polidarová, Lenka (referee)
The mammalian circadian system is composed of major circadian pacemaker located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and peripheral circadian oscillators. Molecular mechanism of interlocked transcription-translation feedback loops, as a characteristic of each circadian oscillator, results in circadian rhythms. Peripheral oscillators in other brain parts and body organs are driven by the signals from the suprachiasmatic nuclei. Some structures however generate oscillations independently from the major circadian pacemaker. The best described of them resides in the mammalian retina. The retinal circadian oscillator regulates local rhythmic synthesis of melatonin, retinal pH and photoreceptors viability. Recently, some studies occur charactering the existence of such an independent circadian oscillator also in bulbus olfactorius. For example, the olfactory bulb circadian oscillator drives olfactory sensitivity during the day. Studies about development of the mamalian circadian system have shown that the olfactory bulb circadian oscillator matures earlier than the major circadian pacemaker and represents its function during early development. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Motion mode and circadian typology of urban children in primary school (Research in Strakonice)
DUNOVSKÁ, Klára
The presented thesis explores exercise regimen, circadian rhythms and eating habits of young children living in an urban area. In the theoretical part the thesis deals with the importance of sleeping mode and its impact on the mental and physical balance together with the specificity of this age group in relation to their mental and physical condition. The research section assesses the results of the survey using quantitative questionnaires ?CIP? (Harada, KREJČÍ 2010) and ?Time day Snaphot? of primary school children. One hundred and thirteen questionnaires of primary school children in the age of ten who attend basic schools in Strakonice were processed in total. The result shows violation of sleeping habits. Most of the children are early birds and the total amout of their physical exercise is satisfactory.
|
guest ::
