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Urban Air Mobility VTOL personal vehicle design
Polčák, Marek ; Zikmund, Pavel (referee) ; Popela, Robert (advisor)
Diplomová práce se věnuje koncepčnímu návrhu pilotovatelného prostředku pro UAM. V průběhu návrhu byla vyvíjena snaha zachovat původní myšlenku létajícího motocyklu, což vedlo ke zvolení konfigurace multikoptéry. Na základě statistického průzkumu stávajících konceptů a vstupních požadavků bylo možné odhadnout vstupy pro první iteraci návrhu propulzního systému, který sestává z výběru vrtulí, motorů, kontrolérů a předběžného návrhu baterie. Nakonec byla zvolena konfigurace koaxiální kvadrokoptéry. Klíčovou částí koncepčního návrhu je samotná konstrukce, která je navržena jako prutový duralový rám s krytovými prvky z uhlíkového kompozitu. Motory s vrtulemi jsou uchyceny v nosných prstencích, které přináší aerodynamické a konstrukční výhody. Tyto prstence jsou také navrženy z uhlíkového kompozitu, jejichž vrstvová skladba byla navržena tak, aby dokázala bezpečně přenést dané zatížení. Pevnost navržené prutové konstrukce a kompozitních prstenců byla poté zkontrolována pomocí výpočtu metodou konečných prvků. Pevnostní analýza prutové konstrukce pomohla snížit celkovou hmotnost úpravou průřezu použitých kruhových profilů. MKP analýza kompozitního prstence byla provedena pro dynamické zatížení při přechodu do dopředného letu a byla klíčovým nástrojem pro definici vhodné skladby laminátu kompozitních prstenců tak, aby se docílilo kompromisu mezi hmotností a dostatečnou pevností. Největší důraz musel být kladen na napojení prstenců na centrální prutovou konstrukci, jelikož je využito mechanických spojů, které vytváří silné koncentrátory napětí. V těchto místech bylo zapotřebí silně zesílit laminát a využít zalaminovaný duralový plát, jenž pomohl zvýšit pevnost v těchto místech. Kromě kompozitních dílů prstenec využívá duralové součásti, které byly také zkontrolovány výpočtem. VTOL prostředky mohou silně využívat výhod přízemního efektu. K výpočtu letových výkonů ve visu s vlivem přízemního efektu, byla provedena CFD analýza. Vliv přízemního efektu byl zkoumán ve visu ve třech různých vzdálenostech od země. Vliv přízemního efektu na letové výkony byl vyhodnocen na základě výdrže baterie ve visu, pro který je třeba generovat menší tah a spotřebovávat méně elektrické energie, než by bylo třeba ve větší vzdálenosti od země. Druhá část aerodynamických výpočtů se věnovala určení součinitele odporu v dopředném letu, jenž byl zkoumán ve třech různých naklopeních. Výsledky byly dále využity pro výpočet závislosti rychlosti letu na úhlu naklopení, výdrže baterie a dolet. V závěrečné části práce byly navrženy dva možné způsoby provedení řízení a bylo shrnuto přístrojového vybavení, které by umožnilo bezpečný let.
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Haptic feedback device design for aircraft control
Dubnický, Lukáš ; Jebáček, Ivo (referee) ; Zikmund, Pavel (advisor)
This master thesis is focused on design of control stick grip and rudder pedals extension. These components are equipped with active elements, which provide pilot with haptic feedback. The purpose of the introduced design is to allow prototype to be built into the aeroplane so that the proposed concept of haptic feedback can be tested onboard. It shall verify used technical solutions as well to allow for their application on following development stages that aim at certification of the proposed haptic feedback system to be used in general aviation aeroplanes. The designed components are the successors of prototypes used for experiments carried on flight simulator. The design process follows the requirements of legislation and outcomes of the previous experiments. This thesis follows the design process from setting of the design requirements to mechanical test of 3D printed prototypes.
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Effect of stress on pilot performance
Dedinský, Miroslav ; Zikmund, Pavel (referee) ; Šplíchal, Miroslav (advisor)
The main goal of this diploma thesis is to find out whether it is possible to measure stress during piloting. If so, it would be possible to develop systems that could help pilots in stressful situations and thus alleviate the stress, this would have great impact and possitively improve work performance. There are few similar studies in the field, the stress factors that affect the pilots and what physiological changes are observable in such situations. Finally, an experimental measurement is performed during three flights, which is aimed to demonstrate the information obtained and thus the possibility of measuring stress and the metod to do so.
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Preliminary aerodynamic analysis of remotely controlled model with jet propulsion
Novák, Ondřej ; Zikmund, Pavel (referee) ; Popela, Robert (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deals with aerodynamic analysis of unmanned aircraft and subsequent changes to design of wing, its position and wing-fuselage junction. In this work emphasis is laid on flow separation, its interaction with other flow structures and its influence on aerodynamic properties. The goal of these changes to the aircraft is ensuring sufficient stability and controllability in low as well as high angle of attack flight. AVL, XFLR5 and CFD methods were used in the thesis. In case of inaccuracy of CFD calculation, two backup wing related modifications were prepared.
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Aircraft speed Measurement
Mokoš, Marian ; Jebáček, Ivo (referee) ; Zikmund, Pavel (advisor)
The Bachelor´s thesis is focused on the measurement of flight especially the speed of the aircraft. The first part includes the list of aircraft on-board instruments, measurement errors and the types of speeds. The principle of an aircraft speedmeters and the list of probes subdivided by measuring the speed of flight are mentioned. The second part is focused on unmanned aerial vehicle SPECTO and choosing the appropriate probe for this aircraft.
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Aerodynamic Characteristics Identification of Atmospheric Airplane from Flight Measurement Results
Zikmund, Pavel ; Salga,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jebáček, Ivo (referee) ; Daněk, Vladimír (advisor)
The thesis deals with aerodynamic characteristics identification from flight measurement. The topic is part of flight mechanic – handling qualities. The first theoretic part consists of three identification methods description: Error equation method, Output error method and Filter error method. Mathematical model of an airplane is defined and restricted to the motion with 3 degree of freedom. There is also introduced simulation of flight measurement for identification software validation. Practical part is focused on experiment preparation, execution and evaluation. The airplane VUT 700 Specto had been chosen to carry out flight tests. The airplane was modified to the new electric powered VUT 700e Specto after first measurement flights with combustion engine. Data record from on-board measurement unit was completed by telemetric data from autopilot and remote control system. Flight tests were carried out in stabilised mode of autopilot in symmetric flight. The results were confronted with analytical analysis results and DATCOM+ software parameter estimation.
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Human powered airplanes overview
Valuch, Tomáš ; Koštial, Rostislav (referee) ; Zikmund, Pavel (advisor)
In this bachelor thesis is elaborated historical development of human-powered aircrafts. The aim is to asses an overview of human-powered aircraft, to evaluate trends in the airframe structure and evaluate trends of specific design parameters. The first part deals with the historical development of the aircrafts. The next part focuses on the description of Kremer‘s prices and their importance for the development of this aircraft category. The following describes the structural components of the airframe and structural parameters. These parameters and flight performance are assessed. The last section is devoted to future developments and accomplishments records.
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Overview of current spaceships
Špačková, Jana ; Daněk, Vladimír (referee) ; Zikmund, Pavel (advisor)
Target of this work is to create an overview of commonly used and in this time developed transports used for carrying payload to space and comparing these transportation means. First part of the work is divided into three sections, rockets reaching the Earth’s orbit, rockets flying bellow it and other means of space transport. These sections are further sorted by states and its stage of development they are currently in. Second part of the work is focused on comparing previously described transports from the perspective of safety, power and also costs needed for running and manufacturing them. In the end there are results from the comparing section of this work and comments on the probable path of the near future development of the space transportation.
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Angle of attack measurement system
Koribský, Denis ; Bartoněk, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zikmund, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to finish a system for measuring angle of attack and angle of sideslip during the flight. The system is based on two wind vanes that measure angle of attack by using a rotary magnetic encoder. The individual components were connected to Arduino and the program was adapted to these components by using software Arduino IDE. Measured data of the vane angle were after that saved on the SD card. After the system was assembled the vanes were calibrated by using the geometric template. Data of calibration were interpolated with trendline to get the function for calculation of real angle of attack.
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Aviation impact on global warming
Štarha, Adam ; Juračka, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zikmund, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor‘s thesis deals with the issue of ever-increasing aviation emissions. It describes where greenhouse gases appear and what their excessive amount causes. Furthermore, this work deals with the comparison of emissions of individual modes of transport and the comparison of the benefits of individual modes of transport, especially air transport, through subsidies and tax relief in the EU.
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