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Ritual offerings of honey in temples of the Ptolemaic and Roman Era
Chejnová, Anna ; Coppens, Filip (advisor) ; Vymazalová, Hana (referee)
aj The aim of the paper is to collect all available evidence of ritual offerings of honey in temples of the Ptolemaic and Roman period. The reason for elaborating on this topic is the fact that no such summary was published so far. The first part of the thesis contains two chapters that attempt to outline the use of honey and bee products in antiquity, focusing on the region of Egypt, and the use of honey and bee products as offerings in the context of Egyptian temples from the Ptolemaic period onwards. The second part of the thesis is devoted to a description of the scenes involving these offerings, along with their location within a given temple, and the final part attempts to place these scenes within the broader context of a specific temple and time period. Key words: Ptolemaic Egypt, Roman Egypt, Greco-Roman period, Honey, Bee products, ritual offerings, temples
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Administrative activities in Raneferef's pyramid complex according to the evidence of seal impressions
Jeřábek, David ; Vymazalová, Hana (advisor) ; Verner, Miroslav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to re-evaluate and re-discuss sealings that were uncovered during the excavations of the pyramid temple of King Raneferef in Abusir, resp. those which are kept in the collections of the Náprstek Museum in Prague. It deals with the general typology of cretulae and the method of their documentation and it tries to assess sealings under study in regard to the former typology. The second part of the work attempts to find details regarding the activity and authority of officials who were using seals in connection with the operation of the pyramid complex of King Raneferef. This was attempted by a search for recurrent seal designs attested on fragments of cretulae found in the area of the pyramid complex and by a study of the properties of their seal holders and their activity, areas where the fragments of sealings were found, titles that were attested on their sealings, and kinds of objects that were sealed by their seals.
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Building materials in the Fifth Dynasty pyramid complexes
Chudobová, Veronika ; Vymazalová, Hana (advisor) ; Krejčí, Jaromír (referee)
This B.A. thesis is a study of the use of the stone building materials in the architecture of the pyramid complexes of the 5th Dynasty pharaohs. In the first part, the thesis presents various building stones used during the observed period, as well as various quarrying techniques. At the same time, the first part also presents some examples of various sources of information related to the phenomenon of quarrying expeditions. The second part of the thesis focuses on the pyramid complexes with regard to the use of the building stones. The emphasis is laid especially on the King Sahure's pyramid complex which is considered to be a turning point in the form of the pyramid complexes in general. Likewise, the complex is the best preserved one.
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Grain Storage in Ancient Egypt (2600-1650 BC). Typology and socio-economic implications
Bardoňová, Martina ; Vymazalová, Hana (advisor) ; Forstner-Müller, Irene (referee) ; Jiménez Serrano, Alejandro (referee)
In recent years, research on the field of ancient Egyptian economy in its earliest historical forms has grown quickly. Despite previous efforts in the last decades, the nature of the ancient Egyptian economic system has not yet been satisfactorily defined. Ancient Egypt had, like the majority of preindustrial societies, a pre-eminently agrarian economy. Amongst the agricultural products acquired from the Egyptian land, cereals stood out due to their economic significance. Grain and cereal-based products, such as bread and beer, were used as a medium of exchange and a basis for wages. The aforementioned importance of cereals must have made their management and storage a matter of priority. The storage of food staples is always of utmost importance as it is a key component of food distribution, which is an important means of executing power and accomplishing the goals by specific actors in a system (Paulette 2013: 106). Despite the significance of grain storage for the understanding of socio-economic and power relations in a given society, no comprehensive macro-study on grain storage in ancient Egypt has been undertaken. Thus, the main goal of this work is to obtain a new multi-faceted picture of grain storage in ancient Egypt. More precisely, the study focuses on an extensive historical span...
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Administrative activities in Raneferef's pyramid complex according to the evidence of seal impressions
Jeřábek, David ; Vymazalová, Hana (advisor) ; Verner, Miroslav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to re-evaluate and re-discuss sealings that were uncovered during the excavations of the pyramid temple of King Raneferef in Abusir, resp. those which are kept in the collections of the Náprstek Museum in Prague. It deals with the general typology of cretulae and the method of their documentation and it tries to assess sealings under study in regard to the former typology. The second part of the work attempts to find details regarding the activity and authority of officials who were using seals in connection with the operation of the pyramid complex of King Raneferef. This was attempted by a search for recurrent seal designs attested on fragments of cretulae found in the area of the pyramid complex and by a study of the properties of their seal holders and their activity, areas where the fragments of sealings were found, titles that were attested on their sealings, and kinds of objects that were sealed by their seals.
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Sexually liminal periods in the lives of women in Ancient Egypt
Svobodová, Markéta ; Vymazalová, Hana (advisor) ; Pehal, Martin (referee)
The thesis seeks to explain the sexual passages of women related to fertility, such as menstruation, pregnancy and birth, in the ancient Egyptian world. The passages related to fertility have strong connotations with death in the Egyptian mythological context. The aim of the thesis is to understand this relationship, often metaphorically conveyed in iconography or in the netherworld literature. The thesis collects material from various sources, archeological, textual, iconographical, not only Egyptian, but also Greek and Roman. The methods used vary from cognitive linguistics and semiotic analysis to religious anthropology. Menstruation, pregnancy and birth in ancient Egypt are explained not only on the level of the understanding of the body of the Egyptians, but also in terms of what role they play in iconography and mythology. Furthermore, the relationship between birth and death is made with regards to fertility. The basic findings of this thesis consist of illustrating a dichotomy between the feminine nurturing principle of and masculine creative principle which appear in different contexts related to birth and death: in iconography, on the level of bodily fluids, or in mythological creation.
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The accounting from the papyrus archive of Neferre and their specific terminology
Vymazalová, Hana ; Verner, Miroslav (advisor) ; Bareš, Ladislav (referee) ; Charvát, Petr (referee)
This doctoral thesis is intended as a basic study of the accounting documents from the papyrus archive of Neferre. Some parts of this work shall be used in the near future for the purposes of the publication of the papyrus archive of Neferre. The archive shall be published in collaboration with and under the supervision of Miroslav Verner, and will encompass the previous work of the late Paule Posener-Krh~ger. In Chapter 2, basic information concerning the Abusir papyrus archives is presented. This includes short notions about the discoveries of the three papyrus archives in Abusir, about their date of origin, and about the types of records preserved in these archives. Other known papyrus archives from the Old Kingdom are also mentioned in this chapter. Chapter 3 contains a detailed description of all the fragments of accounts from the archive of Neferre, arranged into subchapters following an elaborate classification of the types of accounts. The descriptions of the fragments are very detailed because this study does not include the translations of the texts.1 Thus, they include as much information as possible, and many suggestions concerning the interpretation of these records were added as well. Chapter 4 deals with specific accounting terminology. Each of the terms is studied in detail and its...
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