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Respiratory physiotherapy - part of a comprehensive treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients
Vargová, Zuzana ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Slováčková, Lenka (referee)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive muscular disease. This serious disease attacks not only the musculoskeletal system, but also the respiratory system. Respiratory system is one of the most influenced systems. The risks of respiratory problems increase with deteriorating condition of the patient due to muscle weakness. This work is focused on treatment of respiratory system. The aim of treatment is early prevention and solving of complications. These complications include not only scoliosis and cardial problems, but mainly inefficient cough, night hypoventilation, irregular night breathing and failure of respiratory system even during the day. The aim of the respiratory physiotherapy is to keep the right functionality of lungs for the longest time and to choose the correct method of the rehabilitation following the patient's condition deteriorating. Interventions suitable for the patients with the DMD are techniques that leads to increasing lung volume, manual and mechanical techniques of assisted coughing, and noninvasive ventilation. NIV is one of the preferred methods of treating nowadays. Another method is continual invasive ventilation and ventilation with tracheostomy. This treatment includes keeping hygiene of the airways, which is the basis for their throughput. The work also includes...
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Coordination behaviour of substituted cyclen derivatives
Bárta, Jiří ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Vargová, Zuzana (referee) ; Lubal, Přemysl (referee)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the none-invasive techniques of human body examination. The only disadvantage of MRI is a low resolution and specificity, therefore, MRI contrast agents (CAs) are widely used in clinical practice (approximately in 40 % of all examinations). They increase not only resolution and specificity but also efficiency of the examination. The CAs consist of paramagnetic ion (Gd3+ or Mn2+ ) and strong chelator such as H4DOTA. Macrocycle cyclen (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) is basis of many derivatives which are being used, including mentioned the H4DOTA ligand. 1,4-phosphonic or 1,4-phosphinic acid cyclen derivatives could be a better alternative to commercially available ones. In this thesis, a synthetic pathway to 5 of these novel derivatives is introduced. The protonation constants and stability constants with metals used in CAs (Mn2+ , Gd3+ ) and other selected ones using the potentiometric titrations are determined for 1,4-H4DO2P, 1,4-H2DO2POEt and 1,4-H2DO2Bn2PH . All three ligands have higher stability constant with Mn2+ - log KLM around 12, than with Ca2+ - log KLM around 8, which is the closest rival for transmetallation under physiological conditions. Strong Gd3+ -complex is formed by hexadentate ligand 1,4-H4DO2P - log KLM = 19.15, which is comparable...
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The analysis of application knowledge and skills of chemistry curriculum on the secondary medical schools
Vargová, Zuzana ; Solárová, Marie (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee) ; Klečková, Marta (referee)
Key Words secondary medical school, organic compounds, work sheet, textbook, laboratory assistant, nutrition assistant, medical assistant Abstract Tuition of chemistry at medical schools is in many aspects similar to tuition at other secondary schools without focus on chemistry. Nevertheless number of lessons dedicated to chemistry rather proves that chemistry belongs to the essential subjects. The fact that this science is important for medical praxis is supported by the argument that chemistry is taught also at training colleges and universities with medical focus. The ground for the thesis is made by authors real experience gained from long-term work at Secondary Medical School and Training Medical College in Ostrava. As the main goal of the work we set to find out if the students are capable of using their knowledge, skills and habits gained by studying chemistry in the first or potentially second year of the secondary school in professional contexts, which is very often linked to nature compounds. The goals were achieved by research inquiries and stated hypotheses. For the research the questionnaire method was applied and further on also the worksheets and knowledge-focused didactic test which had its base in Framework Study Programme and textbooks in use. Student of medical schools were divided into...
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Coordination behaviour of substituted cyclen derivatives
Bárta, Jiří ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Vargová, Zuzana (referee) ; Lubal, Přemysl (referee)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the none-invasive techniques of human body examination. The only disadvantage of MRI is a low resolution and specificity, therefore, MRI contrast agents (CAs) are widely used in clinical practice (approximately in 40 % of all examinations). They increase not only resolution and specificity but also efficiency of the examination. The CAs consist of paramagnetic ion (Gd3+ or Mn2+ ) and strong chelator such as H4DOTA. Macrocycle cyclen (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) is basis of many derivatives which are being used, including mentioned the H4DOTA ligand. 1,4-phosphonic or 1,4-phosphinic acid cyclen derivatives could be a better alternative to commercially available ones. In this thesis, a synthetic pathway to 5 of these novel derivatives is introduced. The protonation constants and stability constants with metals used in CAs (Mn2+ , Gd3+ ) and other selected ones using the potentiometric titrations are determined for 1,4-H4DO2P, 1,4-H2DO2POEt and 1,4-H2DO2Bn2PH . All three ligands have higher stability constant with Mn2+ - log KLM around 12, than with Ca2+ - log KLM around 8, which is the closest rival for transmetallation under physiological conditions. Strong Gd3+ -complex is formed by hexadentate ligand 1,4-H4DO2P - log KLM = 19.15, which is comparable...
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The analysis of application knowledge and skills of chemistry curriculum on the secondary medical schools
Vargová, Zuzana ; Solárová, Marie (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee) ; Klečková, Marta (referee)
Key Words secondary medical school, organic compounds, work sheet, textbook, laboratory assistant, nutrition assistant, medical assistant Abstract Tuition of chemistry at medical schools is in many aspects similar to tuition at other secondary schools without focus on chemistry. Nevertheless number of lessons dedicated to chemistry rather proves that chemistry belongs to the essential subjects. The fact that this science is important for medical praxis is supported by the argument that chemistry is taught also at training colleges and universities with medical focus. The ground for the thesis is made by authors real experience gained from long-term work at Secondary Medical School and Training Medical College in Ostrava. As the main goal of the work we set to find out if the students are capable of using their knowledge, skills and habits gained by studying chemistry in the first or potentially second year of the secondary school in professional contexts, which is very often linked to nature compounds. The goals were achieved by research inquiries and stated hypotheses. For the research the questionnaire method was applied and further on also the worksheets and knowledge-focused didactic test which had its base in Framework Study Programme and textbooks in use. Student of medical schools were divided into...
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Limitations of patent protection in pharmaceutical industry with regards to the access to medicine problem
Vargová, Zuzana ; Dobřichovský, Tomáš (advisor) ; Wünschová Pujmanová, Alexandra (referee)
Limitations of patent protection in pharmaceutical industry with regards to the access to medicine problem The goal of this master thesis is for the reader to gain a general overview about the legislation in the area of European pharmaceutical patent law and also about medicines accessibility problems that come with the patent protection in this area. In the beginning we present relevant legal regulation with the focus on the TRIPS, as this international treaty is the source of patent protection exemption that is focal to this thesis. Later the paper addresses patentability requirements while the most of attention is given to specifics that are typical for pharmaceutical industry. This thesis further analyses two important concerns standing against each other. These being the protection of intellectual property rights where it identifies its origins and practical importance; and concern over right to health, which constitutes a legal reasoning for better accessibility efforts. In this thesis we identify lack of accessibility in various forms, which can present either as inaccessibility due to high prices or not even existent treatment, while both this problems might have more causes. These causes may and may not stem from the current patent system. That is why we further analyse current measures...
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Monitoring postural and respiratory function in patients with Duchennne muscular dystrophy
Vargová, Zuzana ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Zounková, Irena (referee)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive muscle disease that is still incurable. The disease affects all systems in the body and is therefore a need for a comprehensive approach. It manifests itself in childhood muscle weakness. Over time, there is a postural and respiratory changes affecting posture and the respiratory system. Depending on the changes of these functions leads to certain complications. Among these complications rank poorly stereotype walk, spinal deformities such as scoliosis, bad stereotype affect breathing, leading to vital lung function and many more. These complications are present in a particular time sequence and can be assigned to a specific patient age. This thesis is focused on the monitoring of postural and respiratory function in these patients. The work is the evaluation of these changes when they occur and in which the patient's age. Patients are rehabilitated life and physiotherapy is an integral part of treatment. It focuses possibilities of surgical treatment of scoliosis. The work also includes a questionnaire aimed at rehabilitation and physical therapy patients. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Respiratory physiotherapy - part of a comprehensive treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients
Vargová, Zuzana ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Slováčková, Lenka (referee)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive muscular disease. This serious disease attacks not only the musculoskeletal system, but also the respiratory system. Respiratory system is one of the most influenced systems. The risks of respiratory problems increase with deteriorating condition of the patient due to muscle weakness. This work is focused on treatment of respiratory system. The aim of treatment is early prevention and solving of complications. These complications include not only scoliosis and cardial problems, but mainly inefficient cough, night hypoventilation, irregular night breathing and failure of respiratory system even during the day. The aim of the respiratory physiotherapy is to keep the right functionality of lungs for the longest time and to choose the correct method of the rehabilitation following the patient's condition deteriorating. Interventions suitable for the patients with the DMD are techniques that leads to increasing lung volume, manual and mechanical techniques of assisted coughing, and noninvasive ventilation. NIV is one of the preferred methods of treating nowadays. Another method is continual invasive ventilation and ventilation with tracheostomy. This treatment includes keeping hygiene of the airways, which is the basis for their throughput. The work also includes...
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