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Motivation for physical activity and exercise in people with Multiple Sclerosis
Tikovská, Iva ; Novotná, Klára (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
1 BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Iva Tikovská Supervisor: Mgr. et Mgr. Klára Novotná, Ph.D. Title: Motivation for physical activity and exercise in people with Multiple Sclerosis Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is chronic neurodegenerative disease, which affects young adults between the age of 20 and 40 and manifests with various neurological symptoms, depending on localization of the inflammatory damage in CNS. Concerning right management of the disease, in addition to regular pharmacotherapy it is important to observe rules of healthy lifestyle recommended for MS (so called MS Brain Health Initiative). In this study we were evaluating adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations for MS (level of physical activity, sleep, stress, healthy diet) through questionnaire survey. The data were obtained by online form only. The questionnaires were distributed via Facebook and also with help of patient organisations and MS centre of General University Hospital in Prague and 1st medical faculty of the Charles University. The questionnaires included: General questionnaire of healthy lifestyle as well as Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale, General Self Efficacy Scale, Social Support Scale, Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale and The Diet Questionnaire. There were 133 MS patients (112 women and 21 men) involved...
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Comparison of the proportion of physical activities in patients with multiple sclerosis and individuals of the general population
Šmejkalová, Barbora ; Novotná, Klára (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
Title: Comparison of the proportion of physical activities in patients with multiple sclerosis and individuals of the general population Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis was to find out, through a questionnaire survey, whether there is a difference in the representation of physical activities in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and individuals of the general population (GP) during their normal week. I also wanted to find out whether demographic data affect the level of physical activity in individuals of both groups. Another goal was to find out if there is any difference between trends and types of physical activities in individuals with MS compared to individuals with GP. Methods: Data was obtained using a questionnaire survey. The respondents of both interviewed groups filled in the standardized Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, complemented by several developing questions concerning mainly the representation of physical activity in their everyday life. The data was obtained from 630 individuals of the GP (individuals without chronic disease) and from 354 patients with MS in the age range of 25-70 years. An online questionnaire was used to obtain data from respondents of the GP. Patients with MS filled in a questionnaire as part of a previously undertaken...
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Comparison of nutrition of swimmers and triathletes in childhood
Schovalová, Tereza ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
1 Abstract This diploma thesis is aimed to find out and compare nutrition indicators of young swimmers and triathletes. This thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical part and a practical one. Main nutrients of the children diet are described in the theoretical part. This first part contains the most important principles of the proper diet of the child during the given phases of a child development. Moreover, the correct timing of nutrition and drinking regime during the sport are mentioned in this second part. Based on those theoretical foundation is built the practical part. Results obtained from an analysis of the diet of 18 young swimmers and 18 triathletes at the similar age are interpreted in the practical part. A range of the respondents' age was between 10 and 15 years. The results show differences between those two groups in their diet. Both groups have problems to follow the nutritional recommendations. The differences were found in total energy, protein and iron intake. Both groups showed similar characteristics in vitamin C intake. Key words: children, swimming, triathlon, sports nutrition, drinking regime
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Comparison of Various Methods Used for Body Fat Assessment in Overweight and Obese Females
Větrovská, Renata ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Title of the thesis: Comparison of different methods for determining the amount of body fat in overweight and obese females Aim: The paper analyses how the most frequently used methods in clinical practice (the BIA method using Bodystat, Omron, and Tanita monitors, and the calliper method) compare with the reference method (DEXA) in determining the amount of body fat in overweight and obese females. Another goal was to compile predictive equations for calculating the percentage of body fat using available methods. Method: The research included 61 overweight and obese women with an average age of 48.6 ± 13.9 years. Four field methods were used to determine the amount of their body fat: the bioimpedance method with a tetrapolar arrangement of electrodes (using a Bodystat monitor), the bioimpedance method with a bipedal arrangement of electrodes (using a Tanita monitor), the bioimpedance method using handgrip (using an Omron monitor), and the anthropometric measurement using callipers. The measurements from these methods were compared with data obtained by using a reference method - the full-body densitometry method. Statistical analysis was conducted using a statistics programme Eviews 4.1 and Microsoft Office Excel XP Professional. Results: A comparison of the results obtained by the...
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"Nutrition of athletes compared to people with a sedentary way of life."
Kubíková, Kristýna ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
Introduction: The main topic of this diploma thesis was the nutrition of athletes compared to people with a sedentary lifestyle. Aim: The main goal of the thesis was the nutrition of athletes compared to people with a sedentary lifestyle using analyzing dietary regimen. Material and methods: We evaluated the dietary regimen of 40 women at the age of 20- 30 years old. Women were divided into the groups of non-athletes ("sedentary people") and women who exercise fitness sports ("fitness people"). Their average age was in the range of 25,3-26 years. Respondents filled out the form with their dietary regimen for three days using a 24-hod recall. Records where evaluated with using an extensive food database which was created at the Institute of Physical Education, First of Medicine, Charles University. Student's two-tailed unpaired mean t-test was used to compare the groups. We used the F-test to analysing a equation scattering before using t-test. Results: Group of fitness athletes consumed average 335 kcal less total energy (p = 0.008), 15.17 g more plant-based proteins (p = 0.031), 15.24 g less fats (p = 0.025) and 13.23 g less animal fat (p = 0.044). The results for other nutrients weren't statistically significant, but from a nutritional point of view they provided an interesting overview of eating...
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Evaluation of the nutrition of prime-league hockey players and comparison with the common population
Balušková, Denisa ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
The subject of the research and the research problem is the effort to evaluate the nutrition of extra-league hockey players and its comparison with the general population. The nutrition of an ice hockey player is usually not one of the most discussed topics in the field of sports, yet it has a great impact on sports performance. The goals were to compare the basic macronutrients, energy intake, number of meals or fluid intake. The theoretical part of the thesis is written about the characteristics of hockey and the nutrition of hockey players in the field of intake of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, drinking regime and supplements. In the practical part of the work is a quantitative research survey monitoring the diet of hockey players and its practical composition. A comparative method was used to compare the two groups, anthropometry for body analysis, online questionnaires for monitoring habits and recorded daily menus. It was important to note that most top players have limiting knowledge of nutrition issues. Education of elite athletes in the field of nutrition can ensure the development of their full sport potential.
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Eating disorders in gymnastics
Kekrtová, Magdaléna ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of eating disorders (ED) in gymnastics. Eating disorders are serious mental illnesses that occur especially in adolescent women. Gymnastics, as a sport with an emphasis on aesthetics, is risky in terms of ED, it affects the occurrence of a large number of risk factors that affect gymnasts. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis generally summarizes the individual diagnoses of eating disorders, risk factors, incidence and prevalence, health complications, treatment and disease prevention. These general findings are supplemented by the current state of knowledge of eating disorders from the gymnastic enviroment. The second half of the theoretical part introduces the principles of energy metabolism and healthy nutrition. The practical part consists of quantitative research, carried out using a questionnaire, which was imaginarilly divided into two parts. The first half of the research examines gymnasts' attitudes to nutrition and diet, and the second half examines ED in gymnastics. Due to the absence of males, the research results can only be applied to women. Research confirms the frequent occureence of risky behavior among gymnasts, the popularity of reduction diets, low body weight or high ambient pressure, which is mainly caused by coaches. Research...
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Nutritional specifics in OCR
Lišková, Lucie ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the nutrition of competitors in the obstacle sport known by the abbreviation OCR. The main task of this work is to describe the importance and significance of sports nutrition and its timing in this strength and endurance sport and consequently compare the diet of OCR competitors with nutritional recommendations for this sport. The aim of the work is to determine what awareness competitors in this sport have about sports nutrition and whether their energy intake is sufficient. The method of evaluation of the dietary record was used for the solution, to which a short questionnaire on the characteristics of the athlete and his training was attached. The research group consisted of 12 competitors (5 women and 7 men) in the age range of 19-33 years. Through research, I found that energy intake was not sufficient for both women and men. The average daily energy intake for women was 8,076 kJ, which corresponds to 83% of the recommended daily intake for this group of women, for men this average intake was 10,519 kJ, i.e. 82% of the recommended standard. In particular, carbohydrates played a key role in inadequate energy intake, their amount being significantly lower than recommended in both sexes. Based on quantitative research, I can say that OCR competitors do not have...
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The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse on endurance performance
Stuparič, Jan ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse (CMR) on endurance performance. CMR is considered to be one of the effective nutritional strategies that increases endurance performance in duration from 30-90 minutes. The aim of this thesis was to determine whether CMR can improve performance in a running 30-minute test with self-selected pace and set rate of perceived exertion. All of that without any prior significant influence on nutritional status. Two trials were realized - with and without CMR. Total distance covered during a stated time period was compared, as well as the rate of subjective feelings during the physical activity in the sense of pleasure-displeasure using the Feeling scale. The heart rate was compared as well. Under specified conditions the ergogenic effect of CMR was not confirmed, on the contrary 6 of 8 participants performed worst in the trial with CMR compared to one without CMR. Five participants mentioned enhanced feelings of pleasure to some extent, but the differences were minimal. Regarding heart rate little difference were indicated in the case of average heart rate, when higher values were detected in six participants. However, overall significant effect of CMR on heart rate was not shown. For the efficient implication of CMR into the...
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Physiological aspects of body composition measurements
Větrovská, Renata ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Poledne, Rudolf (referee) ; Brychta, Tomáš (referee)
Determination of body composition or amount and decomposition of body fat belongs to the basic clinical examination of an obese patient. But methods used to determine the amount of fat in obese population are often innacurate. And it's adipose tissue and its measurable parameters which can provide us range of information for the further process of the reductive treatment. The main goal of this work is to evaluate the physiological aspects of body composition measurement in several areas: (I) To determine whether the values of body fat measured by most commonly used methods are comparable to those measured by method DEXA. (II) To determine whether the values of the amount of body fat measured by different methods vary depending on the amount of BMI and adipose tissue in the body and assess whether the available bioimpendance methods can measure the functional state of body fat. (III) To assess the resting energy expenditure in relation to body composition and physical activity. (IV) To determine whether the body composition will affect the resulting reduction after excercise program for women with overweight and obesity. (V) To verify whether changes in the values of BOHB (Beta Hydroxybutyrate) after physical activity could be the predictor of weight losses and changes of body composition. Based on...
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