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Occupational Therapy Intervention for Children with Rett Syndrom in Early School Age Subtitle: Possibilities of Motor Skills Development through Leisure Activities
Tesařová, Lucie ; Vavříková, Marianna (advisor) ; Kuželková, Anna (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRAKT Name, Surname: Lucie Tesařová Supervisor: Mgr. Marianna Vavříková Title: Occupational Therapy Intervention for Children with Rett Syndrom in Early School Age Abstract: The bachelor thesis is focused on the possibilities of developing motor skills in girls with Rett syndrome through leisure activities. Rett syndrome is a neurodegenerative disease associated with a pathogenic gene mutation. The aim of the thesis is to describe the subjective view of parents on how leisure activities develop the motor skills of girls with Rett syndrome in early school age. All from the occupational therapist perspective. The bachelor thesis contains a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes the issue of Rett syndrome, the characteristics of the disease, the clinical picture, the issue of communication and the stage of the disease with the possibility of occupational therapy intervention. It is also focused on the importance of leisure time and leisure activities for the child and its family. At the same time, the author suggests some opportunities of how leisure activities can be used to develop motor skills in girls with Rett syndrome. In the practical part, case reports of three girls with this diagnosis are processed. In this part, three semi-structured interviews were...
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Pretransfusion measures - compatibility testing before transfusion of red cell product in Blood establishment and blood bank of Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s.
TESAŘOVÁ, Lucie
Blood is a body fluid which,despite all the scientific progress,still cannot be replaced by any other artificial product.The first records of transfusion were found in the ancient Egyptian,Assyrian,Jewish and Roman societies.The first historically recorded attempt at blood transfusion was described by a historian and lawyer Stephano Infessura 1492.The first known blood transfusion in the Czech Republic was performed in 1879 by Prague physician Anthony Erpek.Pretransfusion testing is a set of immunohematology examination performed prior to blood transfusion to the patient,which aims to ensure effective substitution for the patient,during which the transfused RBCs will survive long enough in recipient?s bloodstream and will not be destroyed.The basic principle of the whole pre-transfusion testing is laboratory confirmation that the recipient?s blood is compatible with the donor?s blood.The complex of pretransfusion testing before administration of RBCs includes methods of mandatory testing of the recipient?s blood group,antibody screening,possibly identification of special antibodies,and the cross match test itself.All these tests are performed using the agglutination method.Compatibility test is a reaction between donor?s and recipient?s serum,which is used for confirmation that the recipient?s blood is compatible with the donor?s blood.It can be examined either serologically(on a slide,in a tube,by gel column agglutination,by methods of solid phase)or electronically(type and screen strategy,electronic test of compatibility).Validity of the compatibility test is 72hours,counting from the moment of sampling of recipient?s blood.My thesis deals with the examination of the actual test of the compatibility of the transfusion product,literary comparison of various methods and comparison of the manual performance of the column gel agglutination method(LISS/NAT)and performance with the use of the Techno TwinStation machine.My work also includes comparison of an operational perspective and an economic perspective.The practical part of this work was carried out in Blood bank of Hospital Budweis.With the use of literary comparison of methods of compatibility test,I conclude that the most sensitive method used to investigate the compatibility test is the indirect anti-globulin test(NAT)performed using column gel agglutination or solid phase methods.My recommendation corresponds to the findings of Společnost pro transfuzní lékařství.The thesis confirms that the cross match testing via using the gel column agglutination method(LISS/NAT)was the best choice made by the Blood bank.Benefits of the gel column agglutination compared to the tube methods are the speed,smaller consumption of reagents and blood samples,the possibility of standardization,automation and documentation.Finally,the method has higher sensitivity,which increases the safety of blood transfusion for the patient.Examination of compatibility testing using the gel column agglutination method(LISS/NAT)was done in 52 patients manually and using the Techno TwinStation(a total of 118 tests).Examination results were identical regardless the chosen method.There was also no significant difference concerning the operational and economic costs of the two methods(manual was about 24CZK,automated was about 26CZK).In manual performance human errors cannot be eliminated, whereas in automation these errors are eliminated.Another advantage of automation is the traceability of all the elements involved in the analytical process,which are archived and will remain accessible after the test.The advantage of the manual compatibility tests is shorter total examination time(about 30-35min compared to about 45-60min when using automated method;depending on the number of samples).The disadvantage of automated method of compatibility testing using the Techno TwinStation machine is the impossibility to add more samples during pipetting.
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