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Energetic value of diet and levels to selected hormonal parameters in patients with eating disorders
Doubková, Hana ; Nedvídková, Jara (advisor) ; Smitka, Kvido (referee)
Ghrelin is a gut peptide produced by mainly stomach that induces appetite stimulatory actions. Obestatin is peptide derived from preproghrelin and was initially described to antagonize stimulatory effect of ghrelin on food intake. This work was undertaken to investigate the influence of postprandial status on plasma ghrelin and obestatin concentrations in patients with bulimia nervosa and healthy women. After overnight fasting, plasma ghrelin and obestatin were measured before and after consumption of soluble fiber alone or with glucose. I observed greater decrease of plasma ghrelin and obestatin after consumption of soluble fiber with glucose. I conclude that postprandial plasma ghrelin and obestatin levels are influenced by caloric content of the meal and depend on eating behavior.
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Acipimox during Short-Term Exercise Exerts A Negative Feedback of Growth Hormone on Ghrelin Secretion in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa and in Healthy Women: The Role of Lipolysis
Smitka, Kvido ; Nedvídková, Jara (advisor) ; Kršek, Michal (referee) ; Čáp, Jan (referee)
Title: Acipimox during Short-Term Exercise Exerts A Negative Feedback of Growth Hormone on Ghrelin Secretion in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa and in Healthy Women: The Role of Lipolysis Objective: Eating disorders, such as bulimia nervosa (BN) and anorexia nervosa (AN), are characterized by abnormal eating behavior. The main features of BN are binge-eating and inappropriate compensatory methods to prevent weight gain. The appetite-modulating peptide ghrelin is secreted by the stomach and shows a strong release of growth hormone (GH). A potential GH-ghrelin feedback loop between stomach and the pituitary has been recently reported. Acipimox (Aci), an analogue of nicotinic acid, inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue (AT) and reduces plasma glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA) levels. Exercise and Aci are stimulators of GH secretion. We suppose that a negative feedback from increased GH levels during exercise may play a role in reducing plasma ghrelin levels. We surmised that altered baseline activity and exercise-induced activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) results in excessive stimulation of lipolysis associated with negative energy balance and may lead to abnormal AT metabolism in patients with BN. Disruption of the gut-brain-AT axis might be involved in the pathogenesis of BN. The...
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Postprandial changes of gastrointestinal hormones in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
Sedláčková, Dana ; Nedvídková, Jara (advisor) ; Smitka, Kvido (referee) ; Bílek, Radovan (referee)
Background: The present work was aimed to contribute to current research of gut-brain axis peptides ghrelin, obestatin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) in women patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). These hormones play an important role in regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis and their secretion is disturbed under conditions of eating disorders. Various types of consumed macronutrients may induce different plasma hormone responses, therefore we studied plasma levels of ghrelin, obestatin, NPY and PYY after consumption of a high-carbohydrate (HC) and high- protein (HP) breakfast within the meal tests performed under medical supervision. Methods: Plasma hormone responses to high-carbohydrate and high-protein breakfast were examined in patients with AN (total n = 14; age: 24,6 ± 1.8 years, BMI: 15,3 ± 0,7), BN (total n = 15; age: 23,2 ± 1,7 years, BMI: 20,5 ± 0,9) and healthy controls (total n = 14; age: 24,9 ± 1,4 years, BMI: 21,1 ± 0,8). Blood samples were drawn from the cubital vein using an intravenous cannula, the first blood drawn was collected before meal, and then 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min after breakfast consumption. Plasma hormone levels were determined by commercially available RIA kits. Results: Fasting and postprandial plasma obestatin...
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Acipimox during Short-Term Exercise Exerts A Negative Feedback of Growth Hormone on Ghrelin Secretion in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa and in Healthy Women: The Role of Lipolysis
Smitka, Kvido ; Nedvídková, Jara (advisor) ; Kršek, Michal (referee) ; Čáp, Jan (referee)
Title: Acipimox during Short-Term Exercise Exerts A Negative Feedback of Growth Hormone on Ghrelin Secretion in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa and in Healthy Women: The Role of Lipolysis Objective: Eating disorders, such as bulimia nervosa (BN) and anorexia nervosa (AN), are characterized by abnormal eating behavior. The main features of BN are binge-eating and inappropriate compensatory methods to prevent weight gain. The appetite-modulating peptide ghrelin is secreted by the stomach and shows a strong release of growth hormone (GH). A potential GH-ghrelin feedback loop between stomach and the pituitary has been recently reported. Acipimox (Aci), an analogue of nicotinic acid, inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue (AT) and reduces plasma glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA) levels. Exercise and Aci are stimulators of GH secretion. We suppose that a negative feedback from increased GH levels during exercise may play a role in reducing plasma ghrelin levels. We surmised that altered baseline activity and exercise-induced activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) results in excessive stimulation of lipolysis associated with negative energy balance and may lead to abnormal AT metabolism in patients with BN. Disruption of the gut-brain-AT axis might be involved in the pathogenesis of BN. The...
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Sport talents in special schools
Krubová, Kateřina ; Bartůňková, Staša (advisor) ; Smitka, Kvido (referee)
Title: Sports talents at school with special needs Aim: Comparing motor performance of 2 chosen groups of pupils: The group S1 consisting of pupils from schools with special needs aged 14 and 15 ( 8 girls and 8 boys in each age category ) and the group S2 consisting of pupils attending a primary school (of the same group size and the same age levels ). Methods: Six ways of testing motor performance were used to collect data for both groups comparison in each age category ( standing long jump, 12-minute run, sit-ups, pull-up endurance, shuttle run 4x10m - Unifittest 6-60, traffic rules test, gymnastics 3 events). BMI, Testing sports motor abilities is considered to be a basic anthropomotor diagnostic method. Results: Researching results of two chosen groups of pupils in the primary school and in the school with special needs confirmed generally low motor performance. Statistically, there were not found any distinctive differences between two sets, i.e. the differences in chosen motor tests among pupils in both schools. Boys` performance was more homogenous in both schools while girls` performance was miscellaneous. Major range of scatter was found among boys and girls in the school with special needs. It means that the test results among boys and girls were more equal in the primary school. Key words: School...
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Using Vojta method and exercises by Capova in patients after cerebrovascular events
Podhorská, Karolína ; Bartůňková, Staša (advisor) ; Smitka, Kvido (referee)
Tittle: Vojta method in adults patient after cerebral palsy Aim ofwork: Construct model ofeffect Vojta method in adults patient and active postural exercise of Capova a:fter cerebral palsy on the basic ofliterature and theoretic experience and examine qualitative method . Methodics Model was tested in ten adults patient a:fter cerebral palsy by means of define symptoms and value influence reflex therapy on quality patient life (SQUALA). Effect oftherapy was con:firmed by Barthel index. Analysis had been make deductive analysis. Result Explain effect of Vojta method and active posture exercise ofCapova. Key words: reflex locomotion, ontogenesis, key articulation, centralize, stimulate, muscle coordination.
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Energetic value of diet and levels to selected hormonal parameters in patients with eating disorders
Doubková, Hana ; Nedvídková, Jara (advisor) ; Smitka, Kvido (referee)
Ghrelin is a gut peptide produced by mainly stomach that induces appetite stimulatory actions. Obestatin is peptide derived from preproghrelin and was initially described to antagonize stimulatory effect of ghrelin on food intake. This work was undertaken to investigate the influence of postprandial status on plasma ghrelin and obestatin concentrations in patients with bulimia nervosa and healthy women. After overnight fasting, plasma ghrelin and obestatin were measured before and after consumption of soluble fiber alone or with glucose. I observed greater decrease of plasma ghrelin and obestatin after consumption of soluble fiber with glucose. I conclude that postprandial plasma ghrelin and obestatin levels are influenced by caloric content of the meal and depend on eating behavior.
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