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The simultaneity of the incompossible as the index of the vertical being in the philosophy of M. Merleau-Ponty
Halák, Jan ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor) ; Rodrigo, Pierre (referee) ; Fulka, Josef (referee)
RÉSUMÉ EN ANGLAIS / ENGLISH SUMMARY : The Simultaneity of the Incompossible as the Index of the Vertical Being in the Philosophy of M. Merleau-Ponty The principal field of investigation of this paper is the late philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty in the form the author gave it in his lectures during the nineteen-fifties and in the project of The Visible and the Invisible. More accurately, the goal is to clarify the relationship between what this author calls "vertical" Being and the aspect of reciprocal exclusivity, or incompossibility, of the segments of the field through which we have access to it. This structural characteristic is studied principally on the levels of the perception, our relationships with the others, the language and other human institutions. First, the author of the paper elucidates what he think is the reference point of this ontological philosophy, that is to say the concept of visibility. By means of an interpretation of the three fundamental structures of the visibility, the visible, the invisible, and the vision (voyant), the author demonstrates the profound ontological unity of the element of the visibility. The concept of the "institution" (Stiftung, institution) is then introduced to demonstrate how the field of the visibility is internally organized in a manner that surpasses...
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The experience of cinema A Husserlian approach to the filmic experience
Gonçalves Trindade, Hanna ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Fulka, Josef (referee) ; Rodrigo, Pierre (referee)
Cinema seeks to recreate human experiences, expressing the relation we entertain with our reality. A film is not only the mechanical record of facts, but a visual manifestation of an interpretation of the world. But how does the spectator experience this specific form of expression of life itself? We propose an answer to this question through the point of view of the Husserlian philosophy. The focus of Edmund Husserl's phenomenology is not the description of things themselves, but of the structure of the subject's experience of them. His analysis aims at unveiling how reality appears to consciousness, manifesting a sense through this apparition. If we take films to be an expression of experience (of the filmmaker) through experience (of the spectator), then phenomenology becomes a particularly suitable perspective for understanding cinema. It enables the understanding both of how films manifest a sense of life and of how is structured the viewer's experience of this type of manifestation. Consequently, a Husserlian approach allows us to grasp the universality of filmic experiences: it is always a matter of a consciousness engaged in an act of apprehension of an object with the specific form and content. How is this relationship constituted? Keywords Films - Phenomenology - Experience -...
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The experience of cinema A Husserlian approach to the filmic experience
Gonçalves Trindade, Hanna ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Fulka, Josef (referee) ; Rodrigo, Pierre (referee)
Cinema seeks to recreate human experiences, expressing the relation we entertain with our reality. A film is not only the mechanical record of facts, but a visual manifestation of an interpretation of the world. But how does the spectator experience this specific form of expression of life itself? We propose an answer to this question through the point of view of the Husserlian philosophy. The focus of Edmund Husserl's phenomenology is not the description of things themselves, but of the structure of the subject's experience of them. His analysis aims at unveiling how reality appears to consciousness, manifesting a sense through this apparition. If we take films to be an expression of experience (of the filmmaker) through experience (of the spectator), then phenomenology becomes a particularly suitable perspective for understanding cinema. It enables the understanding both of how films manifest a sense of life and of how is structured the viewer's experience of this type of manifestation. Consequently, a Husserlian approach allows us to grasp the universality of filmic experiences: it is always a matter of a consciousness engaged in an act of apprehension of an object with the specific form and content. How is this relationship constituted? Keywords Films - Phenomenology - Experience -...
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The simultaneity of the incompossible as the index of the vertical being in the philosophy of M. Merleau-Ponty
Halák, Jan ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor) ; Rodrigo, Pierre (referee) ; Fulka, Josef (referee)
RÉSUMÉ EN ANGLAIS / ENGLISH SUMMARY : The Simultaneity of the Incompossible as the Index of the Vertical Being in the Philosophy of M. Merleau-Ponty The principal field of investigation of this paper is the late philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty in the form the author gave it in his lectures during the nineteen-fifties and in the project of The Visible and the Invisible. More accurately, the goal is to clarify the relationship between what this author calls "vertical" Being and the aspect of reciprocal exclusivity, or incompossibility, of the segments of the field through which we have access to it. This structural characteristic is studied principally on the levels of the perception, our relationships with the others, the language and other human institutions. First, the author of the paper elucidates what he think is the reference point of this ontological philosophy, that is to say the concept of visibility. By means of an interpretation of the three fundamental structures of the visibility, the visible, the invisible, and the vision (voyant), the author demonstrates the profound ontological unity of the element of the visibility. The concept of the "institution" (Stiftung, institution) is then introduced to demonstrate how the field of the visibility is internally organized in a manner that surpasses...
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