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Uptake and Utilization of Different Nitrogen Forms by Wheat Plants
Raimanová, Ivana
In spite of the Green Revolution's success, the growing world population together with the degradation of agricultural land and its decrease create pressure on increasing the food production rate and the volume of crop production. Economic reasons and the whole society emphasis on environmental protection lead to the search of new possibilities to increase the efficiency of necessary inputs, esp. energy, nitrogen fertilizers and plant protection products. Economically significant wheat species (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum Desf.) belongs with its area to the most grown crops in the world and they ensure an important part of the food of the world's population. Agro-ecological conditions under which wheat is grown, ranges from semiarid areas to areas with frequent precipitation, from tropics to cool areas in high latitudes with short growing season. Crop systems include various methods of plant nutrition and irrigation, different crop rotations and various soil treatment. This range of soil-climatic and production conditions also corresponds to a broad range of soil nitrogen availability and general conditions for nutrient uptake and utilization. Amount and availability of individual forms of nitrogen for plants varies during their ontogenetic development as a consequence of dynamics of...
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Foliar fertilizers containing collagen hydrolyzate for nutrition of grapevine: applied methodology with certification
Horák, Jaroslav ; Raimanová, Ivana ; Kurešová, Gabriela ; Trčková, Marie
A comprehensive methodology describing the use of products made from collagen hydrolyzate for leaf nutrition of main field crops and vines grown in conditions of organic farming as well as within the conventional method of cultivation. Elaboration of the methodology was preceded by applied research to develop environmentally acceptable ingredient - collagen hydrolyzate, where undesirable sodium is replaced by biogenic, often scarce potassium. Another objective was to optimize content and a mutual ratio of trace elements from the perspective of requirements of particular crops or their groups. Within the methodology are stated all the information needed for qualified decision-making regarding to foliar application of newly developed products in organic and conventional mode of farming. Examples of practical use of both types of fertilizers are the result of their application in field trials and South Moravian vineyards with standard and biological growing system.
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Uptake and Utilization of Different Nitrogen Forms by Wheat Plants
Raimanová, Ivana ; Haberle, Jan (advisor) ; Vaněk, Václav (referee) ; Gloser, Vít (referee)
4" Concllsions The aiill trt ihi. tilc'i: \\as the evaIuationoť physioIoeicaIand agronoriiicaspet'i.,rl i,1'1;,1r.-iul,.irltilizaticinof main fclnnsof'N in rvlreat. \\'hcri bcltiligs tc Íhe species sensitive to toxic effect of ammoniuntir-.nsuch;isitl Ílttspeciesrr.ithnegatil'ereactionto low pH too. In pIantsrrith\ij' a\ ÍheonIi sourceof nitrogentoxicitysymptoms- limited root grorr-tiric'tl:i R.! ratio.deíiciencyof essentia|cations(K', C-a2*,Mg'*) or aceulnulaticrr.of ainrncnrurnions in the oldest leaves- were cbserved. T.heseS\,l1]ptol1-lsuere iargely'suppressedby increasingpÍ{ of cultivation soiution. Lori pH also had negative effects on plants frorn the nitrate treailÍlent'T.hetcxrc effeet of. ammoniurnions is deereaseelby the higher availabilitl'of both forms of nitrogen.lt seemsthata strongacidificationof' rhizospherecausetlby the ammonium ion uptake is the main reason of' negativegrowin_qreaetionof wheatplants. Kinetie parametersof uptake(V."* and K,) characterizinghigh- affinity uptake system,can be used for assessmentof intra and inter specieselifferencesin effectivenessof nitrate and ammonium uptake.ln both studiedspeeies of wheaÍ(T.aestivutnand T"durum)a higher eapacity (V*,*) for the uptake of ammonium ions when comparedto nitrates,but simultaneouslya beťteraÍfinit1'for nitrate(|owerK,n)was...
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Uptake and Utilization of Different Nitrogen Forms by Wheat Plants
Raimanová, Ivana
In spite of the Green Revolution's success, the growing world population together with the degradation of agricultural land and its decrease create pressure on increasing the food production rate and the volume of crop production. Economic reasons and the whole society emphasis on environmental protection lead to the search of new possibilities to increase the efficiency of necessary inputs, esp. energy, nitrogen fertilizers and plant protection products. Economically significant wheat species (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum Desf.) belongs with its area to the most grown crops in the world and they ensure an important part of the food of the world's population. Agro-ecological conditions under which wheat is grown, ranges from semiarid areas to areas with frequent precipitation, from tropics to cool areas in high latitudes with short growing season. Crop systems include various methods of plant nutrition and irrigation, different crop rotations and various soil treatment. This range of soil-climatic and production conditions also corresponds to a broad range of soil nitrogen availability and general conditions for nutrient uptake and utilization. Amount and availability of individual forms of nitrogen for plants varies during their ontogenetic development as a consequence of dynamics of...
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Foliar nutrition of cereals
Trčková, Marie ; Raimanová, Ivana ; Svoboda, Pavel
Methodology provides information on physiological aspects of foliar nutrition of plant; it deals with importance of foliar fertilizers and additional plant agents in nutrition system of cereals. Moreover it describes main principles of application of leaf fertilizers. List of foliar fertilizers intended for cereals and features of additional plant agents are integral part of this methodology.
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