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Microbial communities of soils affected by long-term heavy metal contamination
Průchová, Pavla ; Kopecký, Jan (advisor) ; Matyska Lišková, Petra (referee)
This work is focused on microbial communities living in the soil affected by long-term exposure to heavy metals. The soil was sampled at two sites with different levels of contamination near Příbram. In the samples, respiration rate was measured in vitro after addition of carbon sources and at different levels of cadmium, one of the contaminating metals found in the soil. After the incubation with carbon sources, soil samples were collected for environmental DNA isolation. Gene coding for 16S rRNA in Actinobacteria was amplified from the environmental DNA samples and the amplicon composition was assessed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The resulting profiles were used to compare actinobacterial communities in both groups of soil samples and in individual treatments. The analysis showed a clear distinction between the two sites differing in the contamination level and shifts in the community composition of various intesity depending on the added substrate.
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Composition and activity of microbial communities in soil contaminated by heavy metals
Průchová, Pavla ; Kopecký, Jan (advisor) ; Zikánová, Blanka (referee)
The thesis focuses on studying changes of microbial communities living in the soil contaminated by heavy metals. Two sites with different degree of contamination were selected in the Příbram area. Respiration was measured in vitro in the soil samples supplemented with various carbon sources and different concentration of cadmium. The respiration showed that even at cadmium concentration of 1000 mg.kg-1 the community is viable and capable of utilization of substrates while increasing the respiration rate. Enviromental DNA from soil samples was isolated and 16S rRNA gene of actinobacteria was amplified. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed a clear difference between the profiles of both sites. The shifts in the community profiles were observed also after the addition of substrates. The quantification of total bacteria and actinobacteria was performed by quantitative PCR based on amplification of part of the 16S rRNA gene. The more contaminated site contained slightly more bacteria, but almost twice the actinobacteria than the less contaminated one. The sequencing of amplicons of a part of 16S rRNA gene by Illumina showed an increase in proportion of actinobacteria and changes of their community structure in the more contaminated site. The conclusion was made that, high...
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Microbial communities of soils affected by long-term heavy metal contamination
Průchová, Pavla ; Kopecký, Jan (advisor) ; Matyska Lišková, Petra (referee)
This work is focused on microbial communities living in the soil affected by long-term exposure to heavy metals. The soil was sampled at two sites with different levels of contamination near Příbram. In the samples, respiration rate was measured in vitro after addition of carbon sources and at different levels of cadmium, one of the contaminating metals found in the soil. After the incubation with carbon sources, soil samples were collected for environmental DNA isolation. Gene coding for 16S rRNA in Actinobacteria was amplified from the environmental DNA samples and the amplicon composition was assessed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The resulting profiles were used to compare actinobacterial communities in both groups of soil samples and in individual treatments. The analysis showed a clear distinction between the two sites differing in the contamination level and shifts in the community composition of various intesity depending on the added substrate.
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Health Promotion in the Workplace in Concrete Conditions of a Textile Producing Company
PRŮCHOVÁ, Pavla
I prepared my thesis on Health Support at Workplaces under Particular Conditions of a Textile Factory. The main objective was to determine the company management?s activities in the field of health support. The second objective was to map the information provided to the staff on health support at the workplace, and the third objective was to propose the concept of a specific preventive programme. When preparing the concept of the preventive programme for the textile company I co-operated with the company management and with the company doctor. The reference group was represented by women employed in a textile plant in South Bohemia who worked in different workshops producing car seat covers, housing and children?s clothing. The work described in this thesis was carried out as quantitative research. For data collection I used anonymous questionnaires and the results of this research were plotted on graphs. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part mainly deals with health support at the workplace, with an analysis of health risks at work including the impact of physical factors. At the beginning of the empirical part I set the goals and set out three hypotheses. Having analysed the collected data I found that H1, H2 and H3 were confirmed. The empirical section includes a description of the research technique which shows that more than 50 per cent of employees of the textile factory are overweight, then that there is a greater occurrence of health problems in the departments of sewing and embroidery machines and many women also had no idea of the meaning of health support at the workplace. According to the results it is possible to say that the textile company does not organize any physical activities or rehabilitative exercises for their employees. Based on the information I would recommend organizing sports courses, providing healthy canteen meals, reducing stress at the workplace and introducing dust extractors in order to reduce dust at the workplace. This thesis may bring the company better working comfort and help to improve the employees? health. The proposed preventive programme can also be a manual for employers in the textile plant in the field of health support at the workplace.
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