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In vitro evaluation of novel Toll-like receptor ligands III
Tamášiová, Linda ; Trejtnar, František (advisor) ; Pejchal, Jaroslav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Linda Tamášiová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. František Trejtnar, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: In vitro evaluation of novel Toll-like receptor ligands III Research on new ligands with potential immunomodulatory activity is a tool for the development of new immunological adjuvants for use in vaccines, or as separate immunomodulators in the treatment of various diseases. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the ability of new ligands to stimulate toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and to assess the potential for further use of these substances based on established immunomodulatory activity. The analysis was performed on modified TLR4-expressing cell lines whose activation was subsequently detected using a colorimetric-enzymatic reaction. Sixteen new substances were tested for TLR4 receptor activation in comparison with a standard agonist. The results showed a significant TLR4 agonistic activity in several of the test substances, suggesting that they are activating ligands of the receptor tested. However, due to their low solubility, some of these substances are not suitable candidates for further use and testing. Taking all parameters into consideration, among of all of the evaluated substances that...
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Study of the effectiveness of the original amphiphilic (aza)phthalocyanines bearing permanent positive charge
Steklá, Monika ; Macháček, Miloslav (advisor) ; Pejchal, Jaroslav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Monika Steklá Supervisor: RNDr. Miloslav Macháček, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of the effectiveness of the original amphiphilic (aza)phthalocyanines bearing permanent positive charge The neoplastic diseases are nowadays one of the most common reason of death in developed countries. That is the reason why is a great attention dedicated to the development of new methods for the treatment these diseases. One of such modern methods is the photodynamic therapy. This is a very selective, minimally invasive method with a minimum of side effects. The principle of this type of therapy is application of separately inactive compound, called photosensitizer, followed by exposure to light with suitable wavelength in the presence of molecular oxygen. Therefore, the photodynamic therapy needs three basic components: the photosensitizer, light and oxygen. Each of those components are non-toxic, when they occur separately. However, their combination lead to the inception of the photochemical reaction in which are generated reactive oxygen species, especially singlet oxygen. These very reactive molecules damage target cells, which subsequently die via apoptosis or necrosis. As has been said, the main...
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A study on the activity of α-tomatine and newly synthetized derivatives of benzo[c]fluorene
Suchá, Lenka ; Tomšík, Pavel (advisor) ; Pejchal, Jaroslav (referee) ; Poučková, Pavla (referee)
Many of anticancer drugs are of natural origin. Plants from the Solanaceae family contain various steroidal glycoalkaloids that are toxic to cancer cells. The aim of the first part of this work was to evaluate the potential anticancer effect of α-tomatine - a steroidal glycoalkaloid from Solanaceae plant family. The second part of this work was focused on the anticancer research of newly synthetized derivatives of benzo[c]fluorene. Benfluron, one of the derivatives, was reported 30 years ago to have anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo almost. Tomatine inhibited the proliferation and viability of MCF-7 cells. In this cancer cell line treated with tomatine, no DNA damage, no changes in p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 protein levels, neither the induction of apoptosis was demonstrated. However, the decrease in ATP levels was found. New synthetized derivatives of benfluron and dimefluron caused higher cytotoxic effect in the different cancer cell lines compared with their original compounds. On the other hand, these derivatives did not caused higher tumour growth inhibition when compared with their original compounds in in vivo studies. Benfluron and hydrazone of dimeflurone prolonged the survival of mice with inoculated solid form of Ehrlich tumour. In this work, we demontrated that tomatine did not induce apoptosis...
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The level of basic knowledge and skills of first aid for students in the eighth grade of primary school
Pejchal, Jaroslav ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Klicperová, Zuzana (referee)
Author: Jaroslav Pejchal, DiS. Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Institute of Social Medicine, Department of Nursing Title of Thesis: The level of basic knowledge and skills of first aid for students in the eighth grade of primary school Thesis supervisor: Prof. PhDr. Jiří Mareš, CSc. Page of number: 116 Number of attachments: 5 Year bachelor thesis defense: 2015 Key words: adolescents, first aid, resuscitation, bleeding, coma, shock, trauma, Research My bachelor's thesis deals with the first aid and its knowledge or lack of it among pupils of the 8th form of the basic school. Selected chapters from the first aid and contact of pupils with them during their education and free time activities are described in theoretical part of my thesis. The research part of the thesis tries to find out how effective are first aid lectures for the 8th graders. Whether they can improve pupil's knowledge and skills in first aid or not. 60 pupils of 8th form from one basic school formed the research set. Results from the post-test questionnaire showed improvement in 10 score questions but deterioration in another 6. Concerning difference between sexes, females performed better (8 improvements against 5 deteriorations and 3 without changes) than males (7 improvements...
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