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Winter teritoriality im passerines in relation to environmental and climatic conditions
Glückseligová, Pavla ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Reif, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is focused on winter territoriality of passerines. It summarizes general knowledge of territories, territorial behaviour and broader knowledge about winter territoriality. Winter social behaviour of individual species, their territoriality, migratory strategy and food preferences were summarized for Western Palearctic bird species. Furthermore, effect of climate change on passerines and their migratory behaviour, timing of breeding and their relationship to food abundance and conspecific competition. In the last chapter, there is discussed effect of climate change on species displaying wintering territoriality. Increasing temperature can affect food availability, competition for sources and consequently reproduction success.
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The influence of speed asymmetry on TCP/IP
Musil, Petr ; Peterka, Jiří (advisor) ; Spousta, Miroslav (referee)
The goal of present work is to determine, how does asymmetry of tranfer path (its transfer rate) influence effectiveness of TCP/IP protocols. Protocol, which is defined by the standard, is judged theoretically at first. How much does maximum exploit of tranfer rate in one direction influence load of the oposite direction of transfer path. The empirical test is made consequently. Application and transmission protocols which are often used are judged. The results are than compared with already publicated guesses and conclusions. There is going to be declared maximum ratio of transfer rates of the transfer path at the end, in condition of fully exploitation of one transfer direction.
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Sex and age differences in migration in Anatidae
Prokešová, Erika ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Klvaňa, Petr (referee)
The thesis is aimed at intraspecific differences in migratory birds of the order Anseriformes, family Anatidae. It is especially focused on the differences affected by sex and age too. Most of the Anatidae forms its pair-bonds early, not on the breeding grounds like other bird orders do, but on the wintering grounds already. However, it was observed that in some species both sexes don't migrate to the same wintering grounds. Moreover, there are geographical differences between each population really big, so it's not easy to investigate this phenomenon. The adult sex ratio is male-skewed because of their greater survival rate resulting in greater selection by females, especially in species which form their pair-bonds in the end of the winter season. This thesis summarizes the factors responsible for migratory differences during the non-breeding season, then compares conclusions of the studies conducted in this issue between individual subfamilies and tribes of the Anatidae. Key words: sex-dependent migration differences, age-dependent migration differences, early pair formation, Anserinae, Anatinae, dabbling ducks, diving ducks.
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Breeding site fidelity in waterfowl
Kejzlarová, Tereza ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
The thesis is concerned in breeding site fidelity and focused on Anseriformes, especially Anatidae. Higher fidelity ratio in females than in males is an interesting pattern of breeding site fidelity in this bird group. On the contrary, an opposite pattern, i. e. higher fidelity ratio in males prevailed among other bird species. This study is aimed at describing this phenomenon and discussion of factors affecting fidelity ratio. Among, the most important factors, the importance of the previous breeding success and environmental conditions is underlined. The study includes data about fidelity ratio from 40 studies of breeding site fidelity in Anatidae.
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Effect of breeding fidelity on reproductive sukccess of diving ducks
Kejzlarová, Tereza ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Hořák, David (referee)
Breeding site fidelity and its effect on reproductive success was investigated in two diving ducks species, i.e. Common Pochard (Aythya ferina) and Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula) in the Trebon region and the surroundings using caught and individually marked females, searching for nests, and monitoring of marked individuals and its broods. In both studied species, the fidelity ratio (apparent survival, MARK software) was around 65 %. Evaluating the influencing factors, impact of previous reproductive success in the phase of rearing ducklings was found to be the only one statistically significant factor. Furthermore, we compared reproductive parameters (i.e clutch size, laying date, reproductive success) in the first and subsequent year of study. The statistically significant relationship was found between the timing of nesting in the first and in any subsequent year in the Tufted Duck . When comparing the reproductive success in relation to hatched or unhatched clutches and reared or not reared ducklings, we do not confirm any significant shift. Successful females were not able to improve or even repeat their reproductive success in the following years, which could result in subsequent lower degree of fidelity. Subsequently, there is a female dispersion and reduction of the reproductive success of...
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Ecology and population development of the Eurasian crane (Grus grus) in Czech Republic
Ticháčková, Markéta ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Sedláček, Ondřej (referee)
TICHÁČKOVÁ M. 2013: Ecology and population development of the Eurasian crane (Grus grus) in Czech Republic MSc thesis. Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague. Eurasian crane (Grus grus) had been exterminated in Czech Republic in past, he started to return back in 70's of the 20th century. There were 1697 observations published between 1965 and 2012, since then is the number still increasing. The annual observations have been done regularly since 1975. The area of occurrence in Czech Republic gradually grows, cranes was recorded in 289 squares. In areas where the cranes were observed on ground, dominates presence of fields and water with smaller presence of forests and pastures. They were mostly observed during the spring months - March and April, and during the autumn months - October and November. Even larger flocks of cranes can be seen in this time. Since 1989 (the first nest) is the number of breeding pairs of cranes in Czech Republic increasing. They spread more to the areas to the southeast direction. The nesting was registered in 37 localities in 26 mapping squares in total, with higher proportion of pastures and meadows. Most of nests are located in reed and tall sedge beds around ponds, other types of environment are used first after 2005. Keywords: Eurasian crane (Grus grus),...
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Network Traffic Evaluation Of Microwave Point-To-Point Link Precipitation Predictions
Musil, Petr
Precipitation prediction derived from attenuation of microwave signal by absorption andscattering of raindrops becomes modern supplementary data input for complex weather predictions.This paper deals with the topic of estimation of data volumes incorporated in the process of dataacquisition. Description of network management protocols and its communication with the evaluationof minimum and full data acquisition scenarios is also included. The main goal of this article is todiscuss issues related to data acquisition over network, data traffic volumes and storage concerns ofthe precipitation prediction methods. The conclusion reveals limitations and trade-offs of the process.
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Comparison Of Power Quality Monitor Data Transmission Between Modbus Tcp/Ip And Iec 60870-5-104
Musil, Petr
With deployment of smart devices along the electrical grid key infrastructure points, communication process with regards to its volume and load on communication infrastructure needs to be described and evaluated. This article focuses on protocol Modbus TCP/IP and standard IEC 60870- 5-104 with regard to their communication structure and principles within substation connected to network by broadband over power lines modems (BPL). This paper also offers two communication scenarios over BPL network by using real substation power quality monitor. Furthermore, performance of each solution is being summed up in the discussion. Conclusion offers a convenient solution for utilization of key values transmission on limited communication channel.
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