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Osmolality of parenteral preparations . Phosphates
Černá, Veronika ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Mužíková, Jitka (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Candidate Mgr. Veronika Černá Consultant Doc. PharmDr. Zdenka Šklubalová, PhD. Title of Thesis Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Phosphates. The aim of this work was to prepare a series of solutions of sodium acid phosphate dihydrate at concentrations from 20 to 1000 mg/kg or mmol/l. Density at temperatures 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40řC and osmolality of all solutions was measured. A non-linear relationship was detected between the solution density and temperature. The relationship of osmolality on molal and molar concentration of substance was described by a quadratic equation. The density of solutions at 25řC were performed for conversion of molal to molar concentration of the solution and vice versa. The molal osmotic coefficient was determined from the solution osmolality, whose value declines at increasing concentrations of the solute. From the methods of osmolarity estimation presented in USP, the most accurate one employing a partial specific volume of the solute was detected for sodium acid phosphate.
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Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Potassium phosphate.
Pavelková, Martina ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Mužíková, Jitka (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Consultant: Doc. PharmDr. Zdeňka Šklubalová, Ph.D. Student: Martina Pavelková Title of Thesis: Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Potassium phosphate. In this work the density and osmolality of aqueous solutions of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was measured in the a concentration range from 0.02 to 1.0 mol/kg and/or mol/l, respectively. When increasing the temperature in the a range from 15řC to 40řC density decreased but the relationship was not linear. At constant temperature the density was directly proportional to the concentration of solution. The dependence between concentration and osmolality was described by a quadratic regression with the coefficient of determination 0.9997 for molal and molar solutions. The solution density at 25řC was used for mutual conversion between the molarity and molality and for estimation of the osmolarity in accordance to USP. Out of three studied methods the most accurate method of osmolarity estimation was the method utilizing the partial specific volume of the solute, which slightly increasinged when a concentration of the solution increased. For potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the mean partical specific volume of 0.31 ml/g could be...
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A study of a novel dry binder composed of α-lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose and corn starch
Srbová, Alena ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Svačinová, Petra (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department Pharmaceutical Technology Candidate Mgr. Alena Srbová Consultant PharmDr. Jitka Mužíková, Ph.D. Title of the Thesis A study of a novel dry binder composed of α-lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose and corn starch This paper deals with a study of the novel dry binder Combilac® , which contains 70 % of α-lactose monohydrate, 20 % of microcrystalline cellulose and 10 % of native starch. These tests include flow properties, compressibility, lubricant sensitivity, tensile strenght and disintegration time of tablets. Compressibility is evaluated by means of the energy profile of compression proces and tablet strenght. The above-mentioned parameters are also evaluated in the physical mixture of α-lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose and native corn starch and results are compared. Combilac® and physical mixture cannot be compressed without lubricants due to high friction and sticking to the matrix. Combilac® shows much better flowability than the physical mixture of the used dry binders, its compressibility is better and the total energy is higher. Tablets possess a higher tensile strength and higher lubricant sensitivity. Disintegration time of Combilac® tablets is comparable with the disintegration time...
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Energy Evaluation of Compression Process of Tablets from the New Type of Silicified Microcrystalline Cellulose
Mašatová, Pavlína ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical technology Candidate Mgr. Pavlína Mašatová Consultant PharmDr. Jitka Mužíková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis Energy evaluation of compression process of tablets from the new type of silicified microcrystalline cellulose This thesis studied the energy evaluation of compaction process from co-processed dry binder Prosolv EASYtab and the results were compared with Prosolv SMCC 90 and the physical mixtures of Prosolv SMCC 90 with Explotab (in concentration 1% or 1,5%) and Pruv (in concentration 0,5% or 1%). The mixtures with the active ingredients were evaluated too, specifically with ascorbic acid and acetylsalicylic acid. Tablets were compressed using material tableting machine T1-FRO 50 Th.A1K Zwick/Roell and used compression forces were 3, 3,5 and 4 kN, in the case of mixtures with drugs 4 kN. Computer program testXpert V 9.01 shown and drawn during the compression graphical records of "force-displacement" and quantified individual types of energy and plasticity. From comparison of substances results, that Prosolv EASYtab had the lowest total energy of compression (Emax) and the plasticity in all compression forces. The values of the total energy of compression were due to the values of energy accumulated by...
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A study of compressibility of directly compressible tableting materials and tablets with carrageenan.
Nápravníková, Markéta ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šnejdrová, Eva (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Pharmaceutical Technology Student: Markéta Nápravníková Consultant: Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Jitka Mužíková, Ph.D. Title of the Diploma Thesis: A study of compressibility of directly compressible tableting materials and tablets with carrageenan. This thesis deals with the study of compressibility of directly compressible tableting materials with ι-carrageenan.1,2 In formulations ι-carrageenan is mixed with chitosan, calcium alginate and hypromellose Methocel K15M in the ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1. The formulations with salicylic acid as a model drug at a concentration of 20 % and sodium stearylfumarate as a lubricant at a concentration of 1 % are also tested. Tablets without the drug are compressed by compression forces of 3, 4 and 5 kN. Tablets with the drug are compressed by compression force of 5 kN and 8 kN. The compressibility is evaluated by energy profile of compression process, another tested parameter is tensile strength of the tablets. The total energy of compression increases with the compression force. The parameter is increased with the addition of chitosan and hypromellose in all ratios as well. With higher proportion of carrageenan in mixtures, its values decrease. The addition of chitosan, calcium alginate, and...
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Influence of mixing conditions of microcrystalline celluloses with lubricants on mechanical properties of tablets
Lamošová, Jana ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Svačinová, Petra (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Pharmaceutical Technology Student: Jana Lamošová Consultant: doc. PharmDr. Jitka Mužíková, Ph.D. Title of the Diploma Thesis: Influence of mixing conditions of microcrystalline celluloses with lubricants on mechanical properties of tablets The subject of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the influence of mixing conditions of three types of microcrystalline celluloses with lubricants on the mechanical properties of tablets, friability and disintegration time. The tested microcrystalline celluloses are silicified microcrystalline cellulose Prosolv® SMCC 90, microcrystalline celluloses Microcel® MC 102 and Microcel® MC 200. Lubricants magnesium stearate and sodium stearyl fumarate are used at the concentration of 1 %. Mixtures are prepared by mixing in a mixing cube or Turbula mixer at two mixing times. Tablets are prepared on Zwick/Roell material testing machine. The friability of tablets is evaluated by the pharmacopoeial method, the disintegration time by the pharmacopoeial method and the focused beam reflectance measurement method (FBRM). The highest friability values showed formulations with MCC 200, the lowest formulations with P90. The shortest disintegration times were measured for MCC 200 based on both methods, the longest...
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Influence of mixing conditions of microcrystalline celluloses with lubricants on mechanical properties of tablets
Lamošová, Jana ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Svačinová, Petra (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Pharmaceutical Technology Student: Jana Lamošová Consultant: doc. PharmDr. Jitka Mužíková, Ph.D. Title of the Diploma Thesis: Influence of mixing conditions of microcrystalline celluloses with lubricants on mechanical properties of tablets The subject of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the influence of mixing conditions of three types of microcrystalline celluloses with lubricants on the mechanical properties of tablets, friability and disintegration time. The tested microcrystalline celluloses are silicified microcrystalline cellulose Prosolv® SMCC 90, microcrystalline celluloses Microcel® MC 102 and Microcel® MC 200. Lubricants magnesium stearate and sodium stearyl fumarate are used at the concentration of 1 %. Mixtures are prepared by mixing in a mixing cube or Turbula mixer at two mixing times. Tablets are prepared on Zwick/Roell material testing machine. The friability of tablets is evaluated by the pharmacopoeial method, the disintegration time by the pharmacopoeial method and the focused beam reflectance measurement method (FBRM). The highest friability values showed formulations with MCC 200, the lowest formulations with P90. The shortest disintegration times were measured for MCC 200 based on both methods, the longest...
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Influence of mixing conditions of microcrystalline celluloses with lubricants on compression process and tablet strength.
Kučerová, Eliška ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Pharmaceutical Technology Student: Eliška Kučerová Consultant: Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Jitka Mužíková, Ph.D. Title of the Diploma Thesis: Influence of mixing conditions of microcrystalline celluloses with lubricants on compression process and tablet strength. This work evaluates the influence of a type of mixing device and mixing time of three types of microcrystalline cellusoses (MCC) with lubricants on compression process and tablet strength. Microcel® MC 102, MC 200 and Prosolv® SMCC 90 are used as dry binders. Magnesium stearate and sodium stearyl fumarate at 1% concentration are used as lubricants. Two types of mixing devices are used to mix powders, a mixing cube and a 3D Turbula mixer. Mixing time is 2 or 4 minutes. All tablets are compressed by compression force of 5 kN on the Zwick / Roell T1-FRO 50 material tester. The compressibility is evaluated by the energy profile of compression process, sensitivity to the addition of lubricants is characterized by lubricant sensitivity ratio values (LSR). The total energy of compression of all MCC decreases with the addition of both types of lubricants and with longer mixing time, more in the case of mixing in the cube. The highest values of the total energy of compression and at...
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Adhesive properties of matrix tablets
Kišková, Martina ; Šnejdrová, Eva (advisor) ; Mužíková, Jitka (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Name: Martina Kišková Title of diploma thesis: Adhesive properties of matrix tablets Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Šnejdrová, Ph.D. The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of rheological and adhesive properties of the mucin, aqueous dispersions of polymeric carriers and matrix tablets based on chitosan and sodium alginate or iota-carrageenan loaded with the salicylic acid using absolute rotational rheometer. The theoretical part deals with the characterization and classification of matrix tablets, polymeric carriers (sodium alginate, chitosan and carrageenan) and with the principles of evaluation of rotational, adhesive and oscillational tests performed in the experimental part. The mucin from porcine gastric used as a model substrate for adhesion tests behaves as a viscoelastic solid and its adhesive strength decreases with increasing hydration. Significantly higher adhesive strength was found for chitosan at pH 1.2 and sodium alginate at pH 6.8 compared to the adhesive strength of iota-carrageenan. In terms of viscoelastic properties, chitosan and sodium alginate are viscoelastic fluids, but iota-carrageenan is a viscoelastic solid. Iota-carrageenan forms the stiffest gel after hydration at pH 6.8...
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A study of compressibility of directly compressible tableting materials and tablets with carrageenan.
Nápravníková, Markéta ; Mužíková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šnejdrová, Eva (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Pharmaceutical Technology Student: Markéta Nápravníková Consultant: Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Jitka Mužíková, Ph.D. Title of the Diploma Thesis: A study of compressibility of directly compressible tableting materials and tablets with carrageenan. This thesis deals with the study of compressibility of directly compressible tableting materials with ι-carrageenan.1,2 In formulations ι-carrageenan is mixed with chitosan, calcium alginate and hypromellose Methocel K15M in the ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1. The formulations with salicylic acid as a model drug at a concentration of 20 % and sodium stearylfumarate as a lubricant at a concentration of 1 % are also tested. Tablets without the drug are compressed by compression forces of 3, 4 and 5 kN. Tablets with the drug are compressed by compression force of 5 kN and 8 kN. The compressibility is evaluated by energy profile of compression process, another tested parameter is tensile strength of the tablets. The total energy of compression increases with the compression force. The parameter is increased with the addition of chitosan and hypromellose in all ratios as well. With higher proportion of carrageenan in mixtures, its values decrease. The addition of chitosan, calcium alginate, and...
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