|
|
Buddha's Criticism of the Caste System
Zimová, Klára ; Filipský, Jan (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
This thesis deals with the Buddha's criticism of the Brahmin worldview, and his explanation of the origin of social order through a new definition of important terms such as Brahmin, Arya and varna. The main work consists of selected Tipitaka Sutta, where the Buddha defines directly toward the Brahmin description of the stratification of society. The main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the influence of Buddha's efforts to moral and ideological revival of the society. The work is divided into thematic sub- chapters that deal in turn with the emergence and development of varna system, the state of society in Buddha's time, actual criticism of the existing social order and the search for the main causes of the gradual disappearance of Buddhism from India. Key words Buddha, varna, brahmana, Arya, Pali Canon, vedas
|
|
|
Early Buddhist Cosmology of the Pali canon
Horáček, Petr ; Holba, Jiří (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
This paper is focused on the early Buddhist cosmology. It briefly presents the general concepts of cosmology in Buddhism and the Pali Canon in order to better emphasize the characteristics of the primary text on which the work is based, namely the Agaññasutta of the Pali canon. The author takes into account other suttas of the Pali canon and secondary literature as well. The Agaññasutta represents one of the first cosmological texts of Buddhism and can therefore be considered as a very valuable source of information about the early cosmological ideas and the context in which these ideas were formed. It deals with the destruction of the world, its re-emergence, the emergence of creatures, human beings and social strata, the election of the first king and the establishment of the ascetic social groups. To gain a better orientation in the source material, the plot can be divided into the period until the development of human beings, the creation of social institutions with the election of the king and the emergence of alternative social institutions headed by a Buddhist monk. The main aim of the present paper is to show that the Agaññasutta contains the structure based on the necessity of the emergence of the human beings in their physical form and endowed with their moral faults, the society which...
|
|
|
Bidirectional transfer in Hindi/Urdu speakers with Czech as a Second Language
Melnikova, Nora ; Mertins, Barbara (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
Bidirectional transfer in Hindi/Urdu speakers with Czech as a Second Language Nora Melnikova Abstract The aim of this project is to examine the influence of Hindi/Urdu on Czech in advanced Hindi L1 speakers of Czech as a Second Language, as well as the influence of Czech on their respective L1. This is the first project of its kind. So far, there has been no research on Hindi/Urdu L1 speakers of Czech, in spite of the fact that dozens Hindi/Urdu L1-speakers enroll in Czech language courses in India every year and thousands of Hindi/Urdu L1-speakers are permanent or long-term residents of the Czech Republic and have acquired Czech at various levels of proficiency. The practical objective of this thesis is to provide first empirically based insights for teachers of Czech as a Foreign/Second Language to Hindi/Urdu L1-speakers in India and in the Czech Republic, as well as for teachers of other Slavic languages. The study analyzes the language production of 10 Hindi/Urdu L1 speakers who have lived in the Czech Republic for at least 5 years. The analysis is based on recordings of informal conversations. The obtained linguistic data was compared with standard grammatical descriptions of Hindi/Urdu and Czech in order to perform error analysis. With the help of contrastive analysis, errors caused by language...
|
|
|
The passive voice in old Awadhi
Sokolkina, Polina ; Strnad, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
This thesis concerns with an investigation of the passive voice in Old Awadhi on the basis of one of the most important and extensive works composed in this literary dialect of Hindi - Padmávat of Malik Muhammad Jayasi (ca. 1494-1542). The main objective of the work is to compare different kinds of passives in Old Awadhi to the ones of modern standardized Hindi, both in terms of form and and in terms of its possible modal meanings. Besides theoretical description of formal and semantic aspects of the passive voice and analysis of passive verb forms in Old Awadhi, supported with a numer of specific examples, the thesis contains a description of the literary and linguistic context of Padmávat and a brief characteristic of Old Awadhi. Key words: Hindi, passive voice, modality, Old Awadhi, Jayasi, Padmavat
|
|
|
Hijra. Beyond Sex and Gender
Czielová, Simona ; Bendíková, Soňa (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
This bachelor thesis provides a description of the Indian transgender community of Hijras and their biggest religious festival in Koovagam. The thesis is divided into three main parts. The first part includes a theoretical introduction to the topic of sex, gender and transgender. In respect to that, transgender concepts of different cultures are introduced. The second part deals with the concept of the Indian Hijra and specific perceptions of transgender in India. History as well as the present times is included. The third part describes a religious festival that takes places in a village Koovagam in South Indian state of Tamilnadu. The festival is the biggest transgender event of India.
|
|
|
Past and presence of the LGBT community in India
Zikmundová, Tereza ; Hříbek, Martin (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
In the first chapter, through description of basic categories of gender and sex the text aims to explain the functiong behind percieving sexual orientation and identity. Moving further on the text will provide genealogies of different types of sexual orientations to show as to how those sexual identities might have been in fact constructed as opposed to being utterly natural. Social constructionalist / essentialist intellectual debate will also be demonstrated. In the second chapter we will try to allude to importat points in ancient indian literature and try to find if we can speak of sexual minorities in those instances. For the very same reason the role of hijra will be of interest. In the third and final chapter we will discuss the history of section 377 and what was its implications for indian LGBT community. We will also focus on contemporary LGBT activism in India. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Characters of Indian Muslims in the short stories by Hindi writer Nasira Sharma
Čvančarová, Lenka ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
The thesis aims to describe and evaluate the depiction of Indian Muslims in the series of short stories by Nasira Sharma. The writer is one of the Muslim authors who chose to write in Hindi. In her works, Sharma shares in detail but also in discretion her unique insight into the private matters of Muslim families and their coexistence with the Hindu majority on various levels. Rather than focusing on politics, she inspects the human nature and the difficulties the Muslim communities face. As a minority, they live in more challenging conditions compared to the population of purely Muslim countries. Sharma repeatedly draws attention to the root of many of these difficulties, i.e. the voluntary isolation of Islamic communities and their strict observance of traditions. Key words: Muslims, India, Islam, Nasira Sharma, Hindu literature, short story
|
|
|
Batanagar: A Bata Company Town and the Life of Czechoslovak Expatriates in India during the Years 1934-1950
Hrnčířová, Zuzana ; Hříbek, Martin (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
This diploma thesis describes the expansion of the Czechoslovak Bata shoe company to India. A foundation stone of Batanagar, Bat'a's city, was laid near Calcutta on October 28, 1934. Since then, the community of Czechoslovak expatriates evolved to an almost self-sufficient city known throughout Bengal and India. Because the majority of employees were Indians, there was a lively cultural contact between them and the Czech expatriates. The main part of the thesis focuses on the description of the common life of the Czechoslovakians in Batanagar - Bat'a's employees sent from Zlín during the period from 1934 to 1950. In India, many Czechoslovakian children grew up in this international environment, because women or the extended family of Czechoslovakian men later followed them here. New couples also celebrated their weddings in Batanagar. Due to the outbreak of World War II, Bat'a's employees did not return home for many years, and from India they organized their own resistance activities.
|
|
|
Characters of women -mothers in tales of chosen hindu authors
Lomičková Sučanová, Barbora ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with reflection of a picture of women- mothers in chosen hindu tales. Deals about motherhood in India on the base of literal characters of woman- mothers, analyses significant aspects of motherhood in India. Pays attention to influences of surrounding society and how they struggle with it. The thesis sources from original literature in hindi language and from other translations with taking account of original verses.
|
|
| |
guest ::
RSS feed.