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RESIDUAL FATIGUE LIFETIME OF RAILWAY AXLES
Pokorný, Pavel ; Fajkoš,, Rostislav (referee) ; Materna, Aleš (referee) ; Náhlík, Luboš (advisor)
This Ph.D. thesis deals with methodology for determination of residual fatigue lifetime of railway axles based on damage tolerance approach. This approach accepts an existence of potential defect, which could lead to fatigue failure of whole axle. The behavior of crack in railway axle is described by approaches of linear elastic fracture mechanics. There are plenty of factors, which more or less influence determined residual fatigue lifetime. The aim of this thesis is to quantify effects of these factors. The first part of Ph.D. thesis represents overview of studied problems relating to fatigue damage of railway axles. This part is focused on parameters, which influence fatigue crack growth in railway axle materials. The second part of thesis shows procedure for determination of residual fatigue lifetime, which was developed at the Institute of Physics of Materials of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The main aim of this thesis was to improve current procedure for more precise estimation of residual fatigue lifetime. Significant part of this work is determination of significance of studied factors, which influencing calculated residual fatigue lifetime of railway axles (e.g. effect of threshold value, load spectrum, retardation effects, residual stress, axle geometry, material of axle etc.). The procedures described and results obtained can be also used for determination of residual fatigue lifetime of general mechanical component (not only railway axles). Therefore, results obtained in this Ph.D. thesis can be used e.g. for assessment of regular inspection intervals of cyclically loaded general mechanical parts.
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RESIDUAL FATIGUE LIFETIME OF RAILWAY AXLES
Pokorný, Pavel ; Fajkoš,, Rostislav (referee) ; Materna, Aleš (referee) ; Náhlík, Luboš (advisor)
This Ph.D. thesis deals with methodology for determination of residual fatigue lifetime of railway axles based on damage tolerance approach. This approach accepts an existence of potential defect, which could lead to fatigue failure of whole axle. The behavior of crack in railway axle is described by approaches of linear elastic fracture mechanics. There are plenty of factors, which more or less influence determined residual fatigue lifetime. The aim of this thesis is to quantify effects of these factors. The first part of Ph.D. thesis represents overview of studied problems relating to fatigue damage of railway axles. This part is focused on parameters, which influence fatigue crack growth in railway axle materials. The second part of thesis shows procedure for determination of residual fatigue lifetime, which was developed at the Institute of Physics of Materials of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The main aim of this thesis was to improve current procedure for more precise estimation of residual fatigue lifetime. Significant part of this work is determination of significance of studied factors, which influencing calculated residual fatigue lifetime of railway axles (e.g. effect of threshold value, load spectrum, retardation effects, residual stress, axle geometry, material of axle etc.). The procedures described and results obtained can be also used for determination of residual fatigue lifetime of general mechanical component (not only railway axles). Therefore, results obtained in this Ph.D. thesis can be used e.g. for assessment of regular inspection intervals of cyclically loaded general mechanical parts.
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Evaluation of Fracture Mechanical Parameters for Bi-Piezo-Material Notch
Hrstka, Miroslav ; Materna, Aleš (referee) ; Náhlík, Luboš (referee) ; Profant, Tomáš (advisor)
Předkládaná dizertační práce se zabývá stanovením hlavních členů Williamsova asymptotického rozvoje popisujícího rovinné elektro-elastické pole v okolí piezoelektrických bi-materiálových vrubů a trhlin na rozhraní za použití rozšířeného Lechnického-Eshelbyho-Strohova formalismu v návaznosti na čistě anizotropní pružnost. Je ukázáno, že rozšířený Lechnického-Eshelbyho-Strohův formalismus představuje spolu s moderními programovacími koncepty v jazyku Python efektivní a také praktický nástroj pro lomovou analýzu piezoelektrických bi-materiálů. Teoretická část práce popisuje aspekty anizotropní pružnosti a její návaznost na piezoelektrické materiály. Základní rovnice zaměřené na speciální typy monoklinických materiálů, které umožňují oddělení rovinného a anti-rovinného problému, jsou vyjádřeny pomocí komplexních potenciálů. V praktické části práce je sestaven problém vlastního hodnot pro bi-materiálový vrub, na jehož základě jsou stanoveny exponenty singularity a pomocí dvoustavového -integrálu také zobecněné faktory intenzity napětí. Veškeré vztahy a numerické procedury jsou následně rozšířeny na problém piezoelektrických bi-materiálových vrubů a podrobně prozkoumány v uvedených příkladech. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována přechodu asymptotického řešení téměř zavřených vrubů a trhlin na rozhraní. Vliv směru polarizace na asymptotické řešení je také zkoumán. Přesnost stanovení zobecněných faktorů intenzity napětí je testována srovnáním asymptotického řešení a řešení získaného pomocí metody konečných prvků s velmi jemnou sítí konečných prvků. Na závěr je formalismus modifikován pro nepiezoelektrické materiály.
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Description of Crack Propagation in the Fields of Strongly Non-Homogeneous and Residual Stresses
Štegnerová, Kateřina ; Materna, Aleš (referee) ; Malíková, Lucie (referee) ; Náhlík, Luboš (advisor)
This Ph.D. thesis was written under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Luboš Náhlík, Ph.D. and Assoc. Prof. Pavel Hutař, Ph.D. Thesis is focused mainly on application of generalized linear elastic fracture mechanics, which allows description of crack behaviour propagating from general singular stress concentrators, such as material interfaces or sharp V-notches, and verification of validity of used fracture criteria. The obtained results were used in the next part of the thesis, which deals with the issue of crack propagating in ceramic composites, where the stress distribution field is strongly influenced by the existence of material interface and presence of residual stresses, that arise during manufacturing process of composite.
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V6: Report on functional sample NEMENUS
Štefan, Jan ; Joch, Jaroslav ; Převorovský, Zdeněk ; Gabriel, Dušan ; Krofta, Josef ; Chlada, Milan ; Kober, Jan ; Masák, Jan ; Materna, A. ; Kovářík, O. ; Čech, J.
This research report is an integral part of mandatory output V6: FUNCTIONAL SPECIMEN of project TAČR TK01030108: Innovative methods for nuclear plant safety evaluation based on SHM technologies and related procedures - NEMENUS (NEw MEthods for NUclear Safety). The report presents full technical description of the elaborated representative functional specimen (the representative SHM model) and the description of a four-year experimental program.
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Bond between FRP reinforcement and concrete
Januš, Ondřej ; Hradil, Petr (referee) ; Materna, Alois (referee) ; Štěpánek, Petr (advisor)
Recently, FRP (fibre reinforced polymers) materials are increasingly used in concrete structures, both for the strengthening of existing structures and as an internal reinforcement of concrete elements. It is due to convenient mechanical and physical properties of this kind of material. However, the use of these innovative materials as a reinforcement of concrete structures often requires a modification of the design process used for steel reinforcement. At present, a large number of bridge structures are in a very poor condition and require remediation due to corrosion of the steel reinforcement. Composite reinforcement appears to be a suitable alternative to steel reinforcement in these application areas. However, since bridge decks are directly exposed to repeated traffic loads, fatigue assessment is an important and often crucial part of the design. The number of studies dealing with the fatigue behaviour of internal FRP reinforcement is currently very limited. In particular, there is currently no study that sufficiently deals with the comprehensive determination of the effect of fatigue loading on the bond between FRP reinforcement and concrete. The doctoral thesis deals with the design of concrete elements reinforced with modern composite FRP reinforcement exposed to high-cyclic (fatigue) loading. Thanks to the performed extensive experimental programme, it was possible to determine the permissible limit values of fatigue load to ensure the required fatigue life. Based on these limiting values, the design and subsequent fatigue testing of full-scale concrete roofing slabs intended for aggressive environments was performed.
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Evaluation of Fracture Mechanical Parameters for Bi-Piezo-Material Notch
Hrstka, Miroslav ; Materna, Aleš (referee) ; Náhlík, Luboš (referee) ; Profant, Tomáš (advisor)
Předkládaná dizertační práce se zabývá stanovením hlavních členů Williamsova asymptotického rozvoje popisujícího rovinné elektro-elastické pole v okolí piezoelektrických bi-materiálových vrubů a trhlin na rozhraní za použití rozšířeného Lechnického-Eshelbyho-Strohova formalismu v návaznosti na čistě anizotropní pružnost. Je ukázáno, že rozšířený Lechnického-Eshelbyho-Strohův formalismus představuje spolu s moderními programovacími koncepty v jazyku Python efektivní a také praktický nástroj pro lomovou analýzu piezoelektrických bi-materiálů. Teoretická část práce popisuje aspekty anizotropní pružnosti a její návaznost na piezoelektrické materiály. Základní rovnice zaměřené na speciální typy monoklinických materiálů, které umožňují oddělení rovinného a anti-rovinného problému, jsou vyjádřeny pomocí komplexních potenciálů. V praktické části práce je sestaven problém vlastního hodnot pro bi-materiálový vrub, na jehož základě jsou stanoveny exponenty singularity a pomocí dvoustavového -integrálu také zobecněné faktory intenzity napětí. Veškeré vztahy a numerické procedury jsou následně rozšířeny na problém piezoelektrických bi-materiálových vrubů a podrobně prozkoumány v uvedených příkladech. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována přechodu asymptotického řešení téměř zavřených vrubů a trhlin na rozhraní. Vliv směru polarizace na asymptotické řešení je také zkoumán. Přesnost stanovení zobecněných faktorů intenzity napětí je testována srovnáním asymptotického řešení a řešení získaného pomocí metody konečných prvků s velmi jemnou sítí konečných prvků. Na závěr je formalismus modifikován pro nepiezoelektrické materiály.
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Description of Crack Propagation in the Fields of Strongly Non-Homogeneous and Residual Stresses
Štegnerová, Kateřina ; Materna, Aleš (referee) ; Malíková, Lucie (referee) ; Náhlík, Luboš (advisor)
This Ph.D. thesis was written under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Luboš Náhlík, Ph.D. and Assoc. Prof. Pavel Hutař, Ph.D. Thesis is focused mainly on application of generalized linear elastic fracture mechanics, which allows description of crack behaviour propagating from general singular stress concentrators, such as material interfaces or sharp V-notches, and verification of validity of used fracture criteria. The obtained results were used in the next part of the thesis, which deals with the issue of crack propagating in ceramic composites, where the stress distribution field is strongly influenced by the existence of material interface and presence of residual stresses, that arise during manufacturing process of composite.
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RESIDUAL FATIGUE LIFETIME OF RAILWAY AXLES
Pokorný, Pavel ; Fajkoš,, Rostislav (referee) ; Materna, Aleš (referee) ; Náhlík, Luboš (advisor)
This Ph.D. thesis deals with methodology for determination of residual fatigue lifetime of railway axles based on damage tolerance approach. This approach accepts an existence of potential defect, which could lead to fatigue failure of whole axle. The behavior of crack in railway axle is described by approaches of linear elastic fracture mechanics. There are plenty of factors, which more or less influence determined residual fatigue lifetime. The aim of this thesis is to quantify effects of these factors. The first part of Ph.D. thesis represents overview of studied problems relating to fatigue damage of railway axles. This part is focused on parameters, which influence fatigue crack growth in railway axle materials. The second part of thesis shows procedure for determination of residual fatigue lifetime, which was developed at the Institute of Physics of Materials of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The main aim of this thesis was to improve current procedure for more precise estimation of residual fatigue lifetime. Significant part of this work is determination of significance of studied factors, which influencing calculated residual fatigue lifetime of railway axles (e.g. effect of threshold value, load spectrum, retardation effects, residual stress, axle geometry, material of axle etc.). The procedures described and results obtained can be also used for determination of residual fatigue lifetime of general mechanical component (not only railway axles). Therefore, results obtained in this Ph.D. thesis can be used e.g. for assessment of regular inspection intervals of cyclically loaded general mechanical parts.
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