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Responsive Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Krchová, Tereza ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Marek, Radek (referee) ; Platas-Iglesias, Carlos (referee)
ABSTRACT This work is focused on the synthesis of a family of new macrocyclic ligands with exchangeable protons on coordinating groups that could potentially serve (after complexation with suitable paramagnetic lanthanide(III) ions) as responsive contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is expected that measurement of extracellular pH should bring information for tumorous disease diagnoses and/or for suggesting the most efficient treatment. Therefore, our attention was focused on pH-dependent CAs based on a PARAmagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) mechanism capable of reporting pH changes in tissue. The PARACEST-related properties of a series of Ln(III) complexes with the CEST effect caused by amino groups coordinated to the central Ln(III) metal ions were investigated. Such a kind of PARACEST CA is new and has had no precedent in the literature. It was shown that these Ln(III) complexes produce a pH-sensitive PARACEST effect in the pH region relevant for living systems. The study brings proof-of-principle for utilization of complexes with a linear diamine pendant arm, i.e. complexes with two exchanging proton pools, for ratiometric pH determination by MRI independently on the probe concentration. In addition, to ensure a higher kinetic inertness of the...
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Pyridine-N-oxide analogue of DOTA as a building block for MRI contrast agents
Polášek, Miloslav ; Hermann, Petr (advisor) ; Geraldes, Carlos F. G. C. (referee) ; Botta, Mauro (referee) ; Marek, Radek (referee)
Conclusions In my PhD project I synthesized two new polydentate macrocyclic ligands, the monofunctional DO3A-pyNO and the bifunctional DO3A-pyNO-C. Both compounds are based on the design of DOTA, with one of the acetate pendant arms being replaced with a pyridine-Noxide arm. This structural modification has a tremendous influence on chemical properties of the lanthanide(III) complexes of these compounds. The water exchange rate in the gadolinium(III) complexes is significantly accelerated in comparison with the complexes of DOTA. In fact, the values are almost optimal for use of the Gd(III) complexes as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Besides, the complexes exist exclusively in the form of square antiprismatic isomers. I investigated the complexes by various physico-chemical techniques in solution and in solid state, in order to elucidate the relationship between their structure and properties. On the basis of these results I found an explanation to the unexpectedly fast water exchange rate observed on the squareantiprismatic isomers. I established a synthetic protocol that can be used for the attachment of the bifunctional ligand DO3A-pyNO-C to any amine-bearing molecule. I prepared a series of conjugates with polyamidoamine dendrimes and a conjugate with per-6-amino--cyclodextrine and...
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Responsive Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Krchová, Tereza ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Marek, Radek (referee) ; Platas-Iglesias, Carlos (referee)
ABSTRACT This work is focused on the synthesis of a family of new macrocyclic ligands with exchangeable protons on coordinating groups that could potentially serve (after complexation with suitable paramagnetic lanthanide(III) ions) as responsive contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is expected that measurement of extracellular pH should bring information for tumorous disease diagnoses and/or for suggesting the most efficient treatment. Therefore, our attention was focused on pH-dependent CAs based on a PARAmagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) mechanism capable of reporting pH changes in tissue. The PARACEST-related properties of a series of Ln(III) complexes with the CEST effect caused by amino groups coordinated to the central Ln(III) metal ions were investigated. Such a kind of PARACEST CA is new and has had no precedent in the literature. It was shown that these Ln(III) complexes produce a pH-sensitive PARACEST effect in the pH region relevant for living systems. The study brings proof-of-principle for utilization of complexes with a linear diamine pendant arm, i.e. complexes with two exchanging proton pools, for ratiometric pH determination by MRI independently on the probe concentration. In addition, to ensure a higher kinetic inertness of the...
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Pyridine-N-oxide analogue of DOTA as a building block for MRI contrast agents
Polášek, Miloslav ; Hermann, Petr (advisor) ; Geraldes, Carlos F. G. C. (referee) ; Botta, Mauro (referee) ; Marek, Radek (referee)
Conclusions In my PhD project I synthesized two new polydentate macrocyclic ligands, the monofunctional DO3A-pyNO and the bifunctional DO3A-pyNO-C. Both compounds are based on the design of DOTA, with one of the acetate pendant arms being replaced with a pyridine-Noxide arm. This structural modification has a tremendous influence on chemical properties of the lanthanide(III) complexes of these compounds. The water exchange rate in the gadolinium(III) complexes is significantly accelerated in comparison with the complexes of DOTA. In fact, the values are almost optimal for use of the Gd(III) complexes as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Besides, the complexes exist exclusively in the form of square antiprismatic isomers. I investigated the complexes by various physico-chemical techniques in solution and in solid state, in order to elucidate the relationship between their structure and properties. On the basis of these results I found an explanation to the unexpectedly fast water exchange rate observed on the squareantiprismatic isomers. I established a synthetic protocol that can be used for the attachment of the bifunctional ligand DO3A-pyNO-C to any amine-bearing molecule. I prepared a series of conjugates with polyamidoamine dendrimes and a conjugate with per-6-amino--cyclodextrine and...
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