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The pharmacological influencing of motor skills in juvenile laboratory rats
Stehlíková, Mariana ; Bitnar, Petr (referee) ; Mareš, Pavel (advisor)
Ganaxolone is a new potencional antiepileptic drug, synthetic analog of allopregnanolone which is a metabolite of progesterone. Preclinical and clinical studies point out its anticonvulsive effect in the treatment of both partial and generalized seizures including refractory epilepsy. The aim of our research was to investigate changes in the motor performance of the immature rats after administration of ganaxolone. We also focused on the relation between motoric impairment and the age of the rats which correlates with the age of children. 90 immature rats of age 12, 18 and 25 days were tested. Rats were divided in three groups injected with doses of 20 mgGNX/kg or 40 mgGNX/kg and the control group. The tests for assessing motor performance were chosen with respect to the maturation of sensorimotor reflexes from the following batery of tests: righting test, bar holding test, wire mesh test, negative geotaxis test and open field test. There were no significant differences before and after injection of the drug and in comparison with the control group not even in comparison of classes of age. We have demonstrated that the dose of ganaxolone effective against epileptic seizures does not markedly affect the motoric performance of the immature rats. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The electroencephalographic changes in animal serotonergic model of psychosis-the study of EEG connectivity in relation to behavior
Tylš, Filip ; Páleníček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mareš, Pavel (referee) ; Chvátal, Alexandr (referee)
The present thesis deals with the electrophysiological and behavioral correlates of the effects of serotonergic psychedelics in an animal model of psychosis. In the general part, we describe the phenomenology and neurobiology of psychotic diseases and the altered states of consciousness induced by serotonergic psychedelics. Furthermore, we outline the pharmacological models of acute psychosis with a focus on serotonergic substances, particularly the active substances from hallucinogenic mushroom - the indolamine psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin. We briefly explain the method of quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) and summarize the main findings of QEEG in animals and humans intoxicated by serotonergic psychedelics. The experimental part of the thesis describes the pharmacokinetics of psilocin, its effects on the behavioral pattern, locomotion and sensorimotor processing of information, as well as sex differences in the behavioral response. A medium dose of psilocin caused atypical behavioral figures, decreased locomotion and disturbance in sensorimotor processing of information, with the females being more resistant to this effect. Another focus of the thesis is the dynamics of QEEG changes in time (EEG absolute power spectra and EEG coherences), as recorded from the cortex of...
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Bubeníková, Věra ; Šťastný, František (advisor) ; Mareš, Pavel (referee) ; Rokyta, Richard (referee)
The aim of the study was to create a new animal model of schizophrenia based on a neurodevelopmental hypothesis. The central idea of the project has been that a transient insult at early postnatal age will reveal itself in the form of delayed distinct behavioral changes that can be related to schizophrenia. The experimental design used intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate (NAAG) to rats at postnatal day 12, followed by combination of histology and quantitative morphology in brain tissue obtained within 24 and 96 hours of the NAAG administration and used to investigate possible neurodegeneration. Finally, a battery of behavioural tests was performed several weeks later (late adolescence/early adulthood). NAAG is the most abundant neuropeptide and interacts with the active site of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR II), however, it is also an agonist at NMDA receptors. Neonatal icv infusion of NAAG resulted in detectable damaged neurones in gyrus dentatus. The damage appeared greater at 24 hours, as compared to 96 hours, after the infusion. The presence of damaged neurons was easily demonstrated by Nissl stain, Fluoro Jade В staining combined with Hoechst 33342 and by TUNEL technique. Neonatal administration of NAAG resulted in the appearance of specific, potentially...
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