|
|
Modern Dystopias and Theories of Totalitarianism
Machart, Filip ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis Modern Dystopias and Theories of Totalitarianism deals with comparation of this two phenomena. The thesis is based on the concept of Giovanni Sartori. He understands the phenomenon of totalitarianism as ideal ending of the axis totalitarianism- democracy. Extreme points of this axis fulfill the role of unrealizable ideal regimes. In reality we can only move closer to them but modern dystopias may represent these ideal regimes. The diploma thesis is divided into theoretical and practical section. There is the analyse of five books in the theoretical section which deal with the theory of totalitarianism. The analysis contains the work of Sigmund Neumann, Hannah Arendt, Carl J. Friedrich and Zbigniew K. Brzeziński, Giovanni Sartori and Juan J. Linz. Each theory of totalitarianism is supplemented by reflection from other authors. There is the analyse of five dystopias (J. Zamjatin - We, A. Huxley - Brave New World, G. Orwell - Nineteen Eighty-four, M. Atwood - The Handmaid`s Tale, A. Moore, D. Lloyd - V for Vendetta) in the practical section. The analysis contains the storyline of the book, elements of totalitarian regime in the dystopia and inspiration of author for the world of dystopia. There is elaborated final comparation between theories of totalitarianism and modern dystopias...
|
|
|
A. Pinochet Dictatorship - rise to power and the end of his career
Husáková, Gabriela ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Machart, Filip (referee)
Bachelor thesis "A. Pinochet Dictatorship - rise to power and the end of his career" focuses on the coup in 1973 and the establishment of democratic regime, as well as its downfall and subsequent democratization process with emphasis on the role that General Augusto Pinochet played this period of Chilean history. With respect to the main objective of this work, that is to introduce the method and conditions which onset Pinochet to power and his influence on foreign and domestic policy, major part of the work is focused primarily on the conditions and the course of a military coup, internal and external policies, the constitution of 1980 and the subsequent plebiscite in 1988, which caused Pinochet's downfall. Following part is dedicated to the role of the opposition, the description of campaigns for the plebiscite and developments during the period of democratization, when Pinochet gradually withdraws from the political sphere. The first part deals with the Chilean political system before the onset of dictatorship, including a description of the Allende's government, whose problems caused the military coup and the formal incorporation of Pinochet's regime, according to political scientist Juan Linz. Further the regime itself is specified, especially the economic and foreign policy of the regime. The...
|
|
|
Struggle for democracy and human rights in Cuba - the role of dissidents and non-governmental organisations
Hrušková, Magdaléna ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Machart, Filip (referee)
The Bachelor Thesis "Struggle for democracy and human rights in Cuba - the role of dissidents and non-governmental organizations" concerns a role of dissident movement in a possible democratic transition. Firstly, the paper analyses the development of theories of democratization with detailed focus on the role of ordinary people and on the enforcement of civil movement by non-governmental organizations based on studies from Ackerman, Karatnycky, Welzel and Inglehart. Regarding Cuban dissident movement, on which the thesis focuses as an instrumental study, it examines every important part and challenge that the movement is obliged to face in order to become a mass movement. Moreover, the further parts concentrate on international democratic promotion, more specifically, on the American embargo, as an example of economic sanctions, and on the Cuban projects of two particular NGOs, as an example of diplomatic pressure towards wider respect of human rights and as an example of the strengthening process of civil movement. In the conclusion, the thesis discusses possible catalyzers of democratic change in Cuba, including the role of dissident movement, reinforced by projects of NGOs, as a crucial player in possible process of democratization.
|
|
|
Civil Movements between 1977-1989 in Czechoslovakia
Hoznour, Šimon ; Švec, Kamil (advisor) ; Machart, Filip (referee)
The thesis deals with selected civic movement in Czechoslovakia. Main goal is if the dissent had any impact on the end of the totalitarian regime in Czechoslovakia. I examine the gradual development of selected civic movements, change in their support among ordinary population and whether personalities had significant role opposition. The first part provides a theoretical framework opposition in non-democratic regime, which helps to divide the opposition movements, and examining their organizational structures. The second part deals with selected opposition movements. For each movement I proceed chronologically, so it's best to present any changes in time. I list all protest events, meetings and other activities organized by a movement aimed to mobilize the population. I always add up the number of participants and the people involved. The last part deals with two lawsuits that were politically motivated. It's called Prague process and process with Pavel Wonka. On these examine the reaction of the population, foreign and dissent. The result of my work is to understand the opposition movement in Czechoslovakia and determining the role that dissent had played at the end of the regime.
|
|
|
Elections in real socialism as the instrument of subjugation
Bárta, Ondřej ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Machart, Filip (referee)
The thesis aims to provide possible interdisciplinar explanatory schema of the fact, which is in literature as a mass conformity of citizens of real-socialistic régime in Czechoslovakia. Even in the 70s and 80s, in a time of ideological emptiness, was achieved that the vast majority of the population participated in the rituals of power, which could have a considerable psychological impact. People were regularly reminded of their humbling and social psychological task is to present concepts able to describe, how could be such a humiliation at one's self-image processed and what effect this may have on general conformity. By the most symbolic ritual, the elections, it is also necessary to examine, in what form were they period presented, because this also has an impact on the degree of tension between own actions and convictions.
|
|
|
A. Pinochet Dictatorship - rise to power and the end of his career
Husáková, Gabriela ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Machart, Filip (referee)
Bachelor thesis "A. Pinochet Dictatorship - rise to power and the end of his career" focuses on the coup in 1973 and the establishment of democratic regime, as well as its downfall and subsequent democratization process with emphasis on the role that General Augusto Pinochet played this period of Chilean history. With respect to the main objective of this work, that is to introduce the method and conditions which onset Pinochet to power and his influence on foreign and domestic policy, major part of the work is focused primarily on the conditions and the course of a military coup, internal and external policies, the constitution of 1980 and the subsequent plebiscite in 1988, which caused Pinochet's downfall. Following part is dedicated to the role of the opposition, the description of campaigns for the plebiscite and developments during the period of democratization, when Pinochet gradually withdraws from the political sphere. The first part deals with the Chilean political system before the onset of dictatorship, including a description of the Allende's government, whose problems caused the military coup and the formal incorporation of Pinochet's regime, according to political scientist Juan Linz. Further the regime itself is specified, especially the economic and foreign policy of the regime. The...
|
|
|
Modern Dystopias and Theories of Totalitarianism
Machart, Filip ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis Modern Dystopias and Theories of Totalitarianism deals with comparation of this two phenomena. The thesis is based on the concept of Giovanni Sartori. He understands the phenomenon of totalitarianism as ideal ending of the axis totalitarianism- democracy. Extreme points of this axis fulfill the role of unrealizable ideal regimes. In reality we can only move closer to them but modern dystopias may represent these ideal regimes. The diploma thesis is divided into theoretical and practical section. There is the analyse of five books in the theoretical section which deal with the theory of totalitarianism. The analysis contains the work of Sigmund Neumann, Hannah Arendt, Carl J. Friedrich and Zbigniew K. Brzeziński, Giovanni Sartori and Juan J. Linz. Each theory of totalitarianism is supplemented by reflection from other authors. There is the analyse of five dystopias (J. Zamjatin - We, A. Huxley - Brave New World, G. Orwell - Nineteen Eighty-four, M. Atwood - The Handmaid`s Tale, A. Moore, D. Lloyd - V for Vendetta) in the practical section. The analysis contains the storyline of the book, elements of totalitarian regime in the dystopia and inspiration of author for the world of dystopia. There is elaborated final comparation between theories of totalitarianism and modern dystopias...
|
guest ::
