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Effect of Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc25 Expression on Morphogenesis in Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L., cv.Samsun
Uchytilová, Lucie ; Lipavská, Helena (advisor) ; Macháčková, Ivana (referee)
Morphogenetic processes including process of de novo organ formation is governed by the rate, frequency and orientation of cell division. Cell cycle is a complex process with complicated regulation. CDKs (cyclin-dependent kinases) are taken for the key proteins regulating cell cycle progression. These proteins are well conserved among eucaryotic organisms. CDK activity strictly depends on specific subunit - cyclin. The activity of the CDK-cyclin complex can be further modified besides others by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. In yeast (and in most eukaryotic organisms) activating defosforalation of CDKs is performed by Cdc25 phosphatase. Situation in plants is still not fully elucidated. A small CDC25-like tyrosine-phosphatase was recently identified in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arath;CDC25), which could not, however, complement the temperature sensitive Spcdc25-22 mutant (Landrieu et al., 2004). This study is focused on the effect of expression of the foreign gene (S. pombe) coding for Cdc25 phosphatase on the morphogenesis, especially on the ability of de novo organ formation, in tobacco. Plant material used for experiments: Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Samsun, wild type, two independent lines transformed with Spcdc25 under a constitutive promotor (designated as lines A and C) (Bell et al., 1993) and...
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The World as "The First Sacrament". Concept of the World in the Liturgical Theology of Alexander Schmemann
Macháčková, Ivana ; Noble, Ivana (advisor) ; Hošek, Pavel (referee)
Alexander Schmemann, one of the greatest orthodox theologians of the twentieth century, understands world in his liturgical theology as a gift of God ́s love to man. Man was created as a priest of creation and he should accept creation as a gift and bring it in thanksgiving back to God. But man diverted from God, he lives in a self-centred way and he separated divine and profane. Salvation is seen by Schmemann in Jesus Christ, who renewed relation of man to God, renewed the continuity between the world and himself. The central place in Schmemann ́s liturgical theology has liturgy. The eucharist is described by Schmemann as the entrance of the Church into the joy of her Lord. It has cosmic, all- embracing character and it transforms everything. This liturgy takes place in separation from the world, but for the world. In the offering we bring to God the whole world and it becomes in the liturgy what it always should have been, but was not. The Church is the gift of reconciliation and forgiveness. She represents the whole creation before God. Schmemann strongly emphasises the role of community. He criticises attempts of unity from "below" and he also does not accept the activities of the Church in the social and political sphere. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Cell cycle regulation in plants: the role of CDK activatory dephosphorylation at entry into mitosis
Mašková, Petra ; Macháčková, Ivana (advisor) ; Havel, Ladislav (referee) ; Vaňková, Radomíra (referee)
t I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Summary of PhD. thesis Cel1 division representsone of fundamentalattributesof all living creatuÍes.Basic molecular mechanisms operating during cell proliferation seem to be evolutionary conservedamongeukaryotes.The cell cycle is dividedin four subsequentphases;themost regulatoryeventsareconcentratedin Gr/S andGzlM checkpoints. The key regulatory proteins, cyclin-dependentkinases (CDKs), govern the progress throughthe whole cell cycle. Their function is strictly dependenton catalytic cyclin subunits.The correspondingcyclin partnerbinding CDK determinesthe time window of the specific CDlVcyclin complex actionin individual cell cycle phase.To becomefully active, the complex requiresfurtherposttranslationalmodificationincluding activatory phosphorylationanddephosphorylationof theCDK on specificaminoacidresidues. Plant cell cycle, besideswell-conservedmechanismscoÍlmonto all eukaryotes,exhibits other specific mechanismsresultingfrom plant survival strategy.The Gr/S transitionis stronglyaffectedby extemalandinternalsignals,mainlyphytohormonesandmetabolites, reflectingthe elementaryconditionssuitablefor accomplishmentof the whole cell cycle. The centralmoleculerespondingto thesesignalsat Gr/S is D cyclin, whoseexpressionis regulatedby cýokinin and sucrose(Riou-Khamlichi et aI.,...
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Effect of Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc25 Expression on Morphogenesis in Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L., cv.Samsun
Uchytilová, Lucie ; Lipavská, Helena (advisor) ; Macháčková, Ivana (referee)
Morphogenetic processes including process of de novo organ formation is governed by the rate, frequency and orientation of cell division. Cell cycle is a complex process with complicated regulation. CDKs (cyclin-dependent kinases) are taken for the key proteins regulating cell cycle progression. These proteins are well conserved among eucaryotic organisms. CDK activity strictly depends on specific subunit - cyclin. The activity of the CDK-cyclin complex can be further modified besides others by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. In yeast (and in most eukaryotic organisms) activating defosforalation of CDKs is performed by Cdc25 phosphatase. Situation in plants is still not fully elucidated. A small CDC25-like tyrosine-phosphatase was recently identified in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arath;CDC25), which could not, however, complement the temperature sensitive Spcdc25-22 mutant (Landrieu et al., 2004). This study is focused on the effect of expression of the foreign gene (S. pombe) coding for Cdc25 phosphatase on the morphogenesis, especially on the ability of de novo organ formation, in tobacco. Plant material used for experiments: Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Samsun, wild type, two independent lines transformed with Spcdc25 under a constitutive promotor (designated as lines A and C) (Bell et al., 1993) and...
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Cell cycle regulation in plants: the role of CDK activatory dephosphorylation at entry into mitosis
Mašková, Petra ; Macháčková, Ivana (advisor) ; Havel, Ladislav (referee) ; Vaňková, Radomíra (referee)
t I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Summary of PhD. thesis Cel1 division representsone of fundamentalattributesof all living creatuÍes.Basic molecular mechanisms operating during cell proliferation seem to be evolutionary conservedamongeukaryotes.The cell cycle is dividedin four subsequentphases;themost regulatoryeventsareconcentratedin Gr/S andGzlM checkpoints. The key regulatory proteins, cyclin-dependentkinases (CDKs), govern the progress throughthe whole cell cycle. Their function is strictly dependenton catalytic cyclin subunits.The correspondingcyclin partnerbinding CDK determinesthe time window of the specific CDlVcyclin complex actionin individual cell cycle phase.To becomefully active, the complex requiresfurtherposttranslationalmodificationincluding activatory phosphorylationanddephosphorylationof theCDK on specificaminoacidresidues. Plant cell cycle, besideswell-conservedmechanismscoÍlmonto all eukaryotes,exhibits other specific mechanismsresultingfrom plant survival strategy.The Gr/S transitionis stronglyaffectedby extemalandinternalsignals,mainlyphytohormonesandmetabolites, reflectingthe elementaryconditionssuitablefor accomplishmentof the whole cell cycle. The centralmoleculerespondingto thesesignalsat Gr/S is D cyclin, whoseexpressionis regulatedby cýokinin and sucrose(Riou-Khamlichi et aI.,...
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Papelucho phenomenon, Marcela Paz's book character
Macháčková, Ivana ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Binková, Simona (referee)
The thesis entitled Papelucho Phenomenon, a character in series of books by Marcela Paz analyses the most popular children book in Chile in relation to the origin of children literature, its significance and importance, presentation of Chilean children literature for children and young people by the first half of the 20th century. Biography of Marcela Paz is based on personal contact with relatives of the author. Papelucho, her most important literary work, is described with respect to content and style of individual series, translations into other languages and audiovisual adaptations. Analysis of Papelucho as a phenomenon is based on comparison of the main eightyear- old hero with psychological profile of children of younger school age that are target group of the Papelucho series.
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The effect of free radicals on ageing
Lukšanová, Hana ; Wilhelm, Jiří (advisor) ; Entlicher, Gustav (referee) ; Macháčková, Ivana (referee)
Cílem této studie bylo ověřit platnost Harmanovy teorie stárnutí, založené na působen í volných ra dikálů, na nových modelech stárnutí rostlin a kvasinek, jelikož tyto organizmy byly nedávno přijaty mezinárodní komunitou jako uznávané modely pro studium mechanizmu stárnutí na molekulární úrovni. Vzhledem k tomu, že v Harmanově teorii stárnutí má centrální význam endogenní produkce volných radikálů, zaměřila jsem se ve své studii na sledování časového průbě hu vzniku jejich koncových produktů . Paralelně jsem sledovala změny antioxid a ční ch systémů, které rozhodují o rozsahu poškození vyvolaném volnými radikály. V poslední době se ukazuje, že procesů stárnutí se účastní i reaktivní slo u čen iny dusíku, a proto jsem zaměři l a pozornost i na mechanizmy zahrnující účast těchto sloučenin. Jako modelové organizmy jsem použila fazol (Phaseo/us vu/garis L.), trasgenní rostliny tabáku (Nicotiana tabacum L. ) s pozměněnou koncentrací cytokininů, husen íček rolní (Arabidopsis tha/iana) a kvasinky (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The World as "The First Sacrament". Concept of the World in the Liturgical Theology of Alexander Schmemann
Macháčková, Ivana ; Noble, Ivana (advisor) ; Hošek, Pavel (referee)
Alexander Schmemann, one of the greatest orthodox theologians of the twentieth century, understands world in his liturgical theology as a gift of God ́s love to man. Man was created as a priest of creation and he should accept creation as a gift and bring it in thanksgiving back to God. But man diverted from God, he lives in a self-centred way and he separated divine and profane. Salvation is seen by Schmemann in Jesus Christ, who renewed relation of man to God, renewed the continuity between the world and himself. The central place in Schmemann ́s liturgical theology has liturgy. The eucharist is described by Schmemann as the entrance of the Church into the joy of her Lord. It has cosmic, all- embracing character and it transforms everything. This liturgy takes place in separation from the world, but for the world. In the offering we bring to God the whole world and it becomes in the liturgy what it always should have been, but was not. The Church is the gift of reconciliation and forgiveness. She represents the whole creation before God. Schmemann strongly emphasises the role of community. He criticises attempts of unity from "below" and he also does not accept the activities of the Church in the social and political sphere. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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