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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
The localization and transport of extracellular matrix proteases
 Lyková, Dominika ; Tolde, Ondřej (advisor) ; Doubravská, Lenka (referee)
Metastasis is the main cause of death from solid cancer. The dissemination of cancer cells from a primary tumour is a very complex process that involves many steps and cells must overcome many obstacles to colonize distant organs. The tumour microenvironment influences the mode and the dynamics of invasion of cancer cells. Cancer cells have the ability to adapt to distinct environmental conditions in order to stay motile. Invasive cancer cells form membrane protrusions called invadopodia that are able to degrade extracellular matrix. The formation of invadopodia by cancer cells is interconnected to the production of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). Metastasizing tumour cells use MMPs to break through extracellular matrix barriers and migrate in dense matrix. Both invadopodia formation and MMPs secretion is crucial for the degradation of the extracellular matrix. The most important is the membrane bound MMP-14 (MT1-MMP) and soluble MMP-2 and MMP-9. The invasive structures of tumour cells and the proteolytic enzymes in 2D environment is well described. However, a suitable model of localization and transport of MMPs and connection with invadopodia of tumour cells in 3D environment is still lacking. This diploma thesis focused on the extension of current knowledge of these key MMPs and on the...
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Invasive structures of cancer cells in 3D environment
 Lyková, Dominika ; Tolde, Ondřej (advisor) ; Libusová, Lenka (referee)
The ability of cells to migrate through tissue barriers plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes including immune response or invasiveness of cancer cells. The cells generate cytoplasmic protrusions called podosomes and invadopodia, collectively known as invadosomes or podosome-type adhesions (PTA), which are thought to be the key structures of cell invasion, especially of cancer cells during metastasis. Invadosomes are F-actin rich cell-matrix contacts with capability to degrade extracellular matrix components and are observed both in normal cells (such as monocytic cells, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells) and in cancer cells. This bachelor thesis is focused on those in cancer cells, their initiation, regulation, function and morphology in 3D and in vivo and their requirement for tumor metastasis.
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