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Materials of pietra dura artistic technique: composition, properties, provenance and possible identification
Jaroměřský, Štěpán ; Přikryl, Richard (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Aneta (referee)
Pietra dura or Florentine mosaic is a method of assembling thin slices of variously colored minerals and rocks into meaningful patterns or scenes. This artistic technique experienced a significant flourishing in Rudolfine Prague, where many works were created by this technique with materials that have not been described in detail yet. Although decorative carbonate rocks are frequently found in works made by the technique of pietra dura, decorative siliceous materials of jasperoid character, colored red, ochre or green, are equally important. This diploma thesis deals with the mineralogical and material research of these siliceous materials. One of the main objectives of the thesis was to explore possible discriminatory characteristics of siliceous materials from Czech localities, especially from the Kozákov area, which is historically documented as a deposit of jasperoid materials since at least the 16th century. The focus of the thesis lies in a set of mineralogical-petrographic and analytical methods of research. Using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy and observation in ultraviolet light, it was possible to determine the minerals contained in the studied jasperoid materials....
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Influence of Henry Kissinger on the Rapprochement between China and the United States
Kuchařová, Aneta ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The Bachelor thesis titled "Influence of Henry Kissinger on the Rapprochement between China and the United States" focuses on assessing the role of National Security Advisor, Henry Kissinger, in the process of re-establishing Sino-American relations between the years 1969-1972. Diplomatic relations between the two countries have been interrupted since 1949, when the communist party had taken power and proclaimed the People's Republic of China. In 1969, however, republican Richard Milhous Nixon entered into presidential office and he was aware of the need for changing current situation. He chose Harvard professor Henry Kissinger as a National Security Adviser, with whom he shared similar opinions on management of international policy. Their realistic approach to international relations accompanied by centralized and individualized administrative brought satisfactory outcomes not only in the case of rapprochement with China. The aim was to assess, in which way participated the normalization Henry Kissinger, who is up to now considered one of the most successful diplomats. Continuously with a description of the development of reconciliation, there is an attention focused on Kissinger's role in this process, which is afterward evaluated in the conclusion. The thesis tries to map his powers, methods of...
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ASR potential of quartz in experimental mortar bar specimens
Kuchyňová, Markéta ; Kuchařová, Aneta (advisor) ; Vavro, Martin (referee)
The alkali-silica reaction is one of the most damaging chemical reactions taking place in concrete, which can cause fatal damage. ASR originates under following conditions: high moisture (> 80 %), sufficient amount of alkaline ions (Ca2+ , Na+ , K+ ) and use of reactive aggregates (low crystaline or deformed quartz, amorphous SiO2). Reactive aggretates react with high alkaline pore solution and produce hydrofile gels. These gels absorb water and swell. Dilatometric test methods are commonly used to evaluate the reactivity of aggregates. The principle of dilatometric test methods is simple. Mortar or concrete prisms are created in a laboratory, then they are stored in the special environment, which accelerates the inception of ASR. The creation and expansion of alkali-silica gels cause prism's length changes. The major goal of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the alkali-silica reactivity potential of quartz-rich rocks using microscopic (polarizing microscopy, scanning electron microscopy combined with SEM/BSE image analysis) and dilatometric (ASTM C1260, RILEM AAR-4.1) methods. Rocks were assessed as reactive, potentially reactive and non-reactive by the ASTM C1260 method. The reactivity of aggregates was connected with the amount of cryptocrystaline matrix, grain size, shape of grain boundaries,...
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Methods of provenance determination of marbles
Dontová, Kateřina ; Přikryl, Richard (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Aneta (referee)
Determination of provenance of marble from sculptures or architecture, which make part of our cultural heritage, make some of the principal goals of material investigation of artefact and/or archaeological findings. Light-coloured marbles used in antiquity are amongst the most studied types of natural stone. Various methods and approaches, employed for marble provenance, rank to the most developer. Moreover, antique marbles take advantage of having the largest datasets for provenance determination. This bachelor thesis focuses on the review of the main scientific methods which have been used for marble provenance studies during past 130 years. Mineralogical-petrographic description together with thin-section microscopy makes the basis of such studies. Traditional qualitative description has evolved into more precise quantitative study with the help of computer-based image analysis methods allowing for obtaining sound quantitative data (grains size, grain shape etc.). After-2WW period is characterised by adoption of various analytical methods, which employ different chemical characteristics of marbles. Along with trace elements studies (e.g. by INAA, LA-IC-MS), most of the recently used analytical methods focus on the C and O stable isotopes. Each of the methods has also some limitations, therefore...
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Eating habits of primary school children from the perspective of the practical nurse at the general practitioner for children and teenagers.
KUCHAŘOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor's thesis deals with eating habits of children at primary-school age from practical nurse's point of view in general practitioner's office for children and youth. We set ourself three essential targets. The first target is: to chart the current situation of primary-school-aged children's eating habits. This target is focused on questionnaires containing basic information about their eating habits, water intake and physical activity. The second target is: to chart the current situation of primary-school-aged children's eating habits from practical nurse's point of view. We did a questionnaire survey with practical nurses in offices of general practitioners for children and youth. The last target highlights the practical nurse's function in children education of healthy diet. The theoretical part is focused on essential nutrients such as saccharides, fats, proteins, vitamins, trace elements, minerals, and water. You can find some childhood illnesses connected with eating in this part, where we concern ourselves with the problematics of overweight and obesity, eating disorder, food allergies, intolerances and absence of appetite. Furthermore, we concentrate on the practical nurse's role for general practitioner for children and youth, and we also deal with health support and healthy diet for primary-school-aged children. We are also interested in water intake and physical activity of these children, last but not least in practical nurse's education of nutrition. We evaluate the nutrition state of a child, percentile graphs, and principles for good nutrition in this part. The methods of quantitative and qualitative exploratory research were chosen in the practical part of the bachelor's thesis. The quantitative exploratory research was focused on primary-school-aged children. The questionnaires was filled in by children at a primary school. The exploratory company was created by 158 respondents. The questionnaires gave us detailed information about eating habits of the children and their regular eating. The eating habits of these children are miscellaneous and they are influenced in some measure by parents and others. Girls are more likely to eat regularly as emerged from the outcome. It also emerged that children consume more sweetened drinks with artificial colorings and they also like fast food. We focused the qualitative exploratory research on 8 practical nurses in general practitioner's offices for children and youth. The semi-structured interview was created by 19 questions. The interviews gave us detailed information about that, if children keep the principles for good nutrition and physical activity or not. It emerged that girls are more like to go to a doctor with the problem of overweight and obesity.
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Blast furnace slag as a component of hydraulic binders
Velebný, Josef ; Faltus, Miloš (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Aneta (referee)
The aim of this work is to evaluate blast furnace slag as an additive in hydraulic binders. These additives favorably affect the mechanical, chemical and phase properties of cements and binders on their basis. Basic structural and chemical analyzes of studied slags and reference cement and structural analyzes of hydrated binders were carried out on their basis. Furthermore, this thesis deals with testing and comparison of mechanical properties of mortar test bodies based on Reference Portland cement itself and with the addition of finely ground granulated and air cooled blast furnace slag and the development of these properties over time. Subsequently, these results are compared and made out about the usability of the studied materials for the production of hydraulic binders as compared to cements without added slag depending on time. Testing of mechanical properties according to the relevant standard ČSN EN 12390. Attention is paid mainly to the development of compressive strength and flexural tension. The XRD and XRF methods were used to study the phase and chemical composition of studied materials and hydrated binders based on these. Keywords: Slag, portland slime, hydraulic binder, Portland cement, blast furnace slag, phase composition, glass phase, latent hydraulicity, pozolanita, alkaline...
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The Reform of the United Nations Security Council through the Enlargement of its Members
Kuchařová, Aneta ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee)
The Reform of the United Nations Security Council through the Enlargement of its Members Abstract This master thesis focuses on the topic which has been discussed in the international community for several decades. Security Council is responsible for maintaining peace and security in the world since the organization was founded. In order to carry out this task, it has been endowed with several prominent powers, from which the most important and controversial at the same time is the right to veto, with the ability to block any resolution. The structure of the Security Council was established after the end of the Second World War and it has not been changed since then, besides the reform in 1963. This fact negatively affects proper functioning of the Security Council in today's world, which has changed rapidly since 1945, and reduces its legitimacy because of the insufficient representation of the UN members. The organization was founded by 51 states, but since then the membership has increased almost four times and today there are already 193 countries in the UN. Nowadays, there are several reform groups that want to achieve different progresses in different ways. But in most of these cases there have been attempts to increase the number of members of the Security Council - both permanent and elected. The...
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ASR potential of quartz in experimental mortar bar specimens
Kuchyňová, Markéta ; Kuchařová, Aneta (advisor) ; Vavro, Martin (referee)
The alkali-silica reaction is one of the most damaging chemical reactions taking place in concrete, which can cause fatal damage. ASR originates under following conditions: high moisture (> 80 %), sufficient amount of alkaline ions (Ca2+ , Na+ , K+ ) and use of reactive aggregates (low crystaline or deformed quartz, amorphous SiO2). Reactive aggretates react with high alkaline pore solution and produce hydrofile gels. These gels absorb water and swell. Dilatometric test methods are commonly used to evaluate the reactivity of aggregates. The principle of dilatometric test methods is simple. Mortar or concrete prisms are created in a laboratory, then they are stored in the special environment, which accelerates the inception of ASR. The creation and expansion of alkali-silica gels cause prism's length changes. The major goal of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the alkali-silica reactivity potential of quartz-rich rocks using microscopic (polarizing microscopy, scanning electron microscopy combined with SEM/BSE image analysis) and dilatometric (ASTM C1260, RILEM AAR-4.1) methods. Rocks were assessed as reactive, potentially reactive and non-reactive by the ASTM C1260 method. The reactivity of aggregates was connected with the amount of cryptocrystaline matrix, grain size, shape of grain boundaries,...
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Influence of Henry Kissinger on the Rapprochement between China and the United States
Kuchařová, Aneta ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The Bachelor thesis titled "Influence of Henry Kissinger on the Rapprochement between China and the United States" focuses on assessing the role of National Security Advisor, Henry Kissinger, in the process of re-establishing Sino-American relations between the years 1969-1972. Diplomatic relations between the two countries have been interrupted since 1949, when the communist party had taken power and proclaimed the People's Republic of China. In 1969, however, republican Richard Milhous Nixon entered into presidential office and he was aware of the need for changing current situation. He chose Harvard professor Henry Kissinger as a National Security Adviser, with whom he shared similar opinions on management of international policy. Their realistic approach to international relations accompanied by centralized and individualized administrative brought satisfactory outcomes not only in the case of rapprochement with China. The aim was to assess, in which way participated the normalization Henry Kissinger, who is up to now considered one of the most successful diplomats. Continuously with a description of the development of reconciliation, there is an attention focused on Kissinger's role in this process, which is afterward evaluated in the conclusion. The thesis tries to map his powers, methods of...
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Greisens of Slavkovský les and their use as building and sculptural stone
Kocíková, Pavla ; Přikryl, Richard (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Aneta (referee)
Use of greisen - a rock mined primarily for (Sn-W) ore components - in sculpture and construction industry is typical for the Slavkovský les area and its surroundings. Material mined in the greisenized granite stock near Prameny for construction purposes was the source of stone used for a valuable Baroque sight - the Holy Trinity column in a nearby town of Teplá. Samples collected in the abandoned construction stone quarry were analysed for the study of properties of the original material mined in the locality Prameny. These samples were compared with the material collected from the monument in the pre-restoration research to prove the source locality of the original material. Provenance of the original material was determined on the basis of qualitative and quantitative petrographic and micro-structural characteristics. Micro-structural petrographic parameters of the studied samples were determined by the microscopic study using the Petrographic Image Analysis (PIA). Distribution of accessories and micro-structural characteristics were observed using the cathode-luminescence. Conventional index and mechanical parameters with respect to the use of the material in construction industry and sculpture were determined for the material collected in the abandoned quarry. Studied material collected in the...
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