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Regulation of the information transfer in selected political systems by comparing main characteristics of regulatory authorities
Starý, Vladislav ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Gerloch, Aleš (referee)
The thesis solves the modern state of media power across selected political systems. The main idea is how the control of media content and the authorities of regulators are established inside the legal conception. Also, the question is, whether such a system of regulation is currently sufficient and whether the situation has come into a state where the media ceased to function as a control element of democracy and took on a determinant and powerful role. The first part of the thesis is a theoretical one, in which the basic concepts and also the most important sources on which the research is based on are presented. The second part is a practical one and it presents the systems themselves including their main characteristics. The mechanism of control in each country is described in more detail, and the hypothesis is presented together with the procedure leading to its evaluation. The hypothesis is confirmed in the last part of the thesis and the results are compared using information from the analysis. The paper presents a discussion of the detected state of media power at the end and also offers possible ways and solutions.
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LAND REFORM AFTER 1918
Pačes, Ota ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lechner, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis provides a comprehensive historical analysis of the relation between the state and the Church and the legal norms that are relevant to this issue and tries to interpret individual key provisions. It reveals the intentions of the Republican legislators to cope with Maltese grievances and the Latifunds, the efforts to redistribute large territorial units to smaller farmers and thus to start economic production. The diploma thesis also focuses on the consequences of the first land reform, which in the end did not fully fulfill the original expectations. For this reason, the legislators proceeded to review it, which is also analyzed in the diploma thesis. It also addresses the controversial question of the nature of ecclesiastical property, which in the past was in another position than it would be after the process of straightening relations with churches and religious societies. The thesis seeks to answer the question whether the concept of restitution of ecclesiastical property respects the concept of land reform.
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Domain names in the Czech legal system
Kuba, Jaroslav ; Dobřichovský, Tomáš (advisor) ; Wünschová Pujmanová, Alexandra (referee)
Domain names in the Czech legal system The aim of this work is to introduce readers to the topic of domain names themselves with a necessary technical overlap, their legal regulation in the Czech legal framework, including a general analysis of particular legal institutes used for their protection (namely trademarks, unfair competition, name of an individual and name of a legal entity), and finally to outline the ways and development of the settlement of disputes arising from them before the judicial and extrajudicial bodies. The first chapter of the thesis covers the concept of domain names as such from a technical point of view. There is described the domain name function in the Internet and the domain name system as well, consisting of top level domains of different types with their specifics. Consequently are there through domain name registration covered domain name disputes in a global context, including the individual causes (types) of these disputes, and finally concludes with the description of a specific form of alternative dispute resolution called UDRP. The second, most extensive chapter is dedicated to the legal regulation of domain names in the Czech legal framework itself. The chapter begins with theoretical concept of domain names from the legal point of view and its historical...
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Minority Governments
Gvužď, Lukáš ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lechner, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis presents a model of minority governments. In the theoretical part is the analysis of the political parties in parliament. Then there is a comparation of selected European countries in terms of how the governments are formated. The main part is given to the countries in which the minority governments are very frequent. In conclusion is mentioned the experience with minority governments in the Czech Republic.
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The reserves of the constitutional position of the SAO in comparison of similar institutions in our history and selected European countries
Neusserová, Sandra ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lechner, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with historical development of the Czech Supreme Audit Office and its foreign analogies. The subject of the thesis is to evaluate the current legal status of the Supreme Audit Office and then propose possible modifications with reference to the regulatory audit institutions in European countries. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part contains material study, theoretical introduction to the control and audit and then examines in detail the historical progress of the Supreme Audit Office in the Czech Republic to its current form. Other chapters are focused on different foreign institutions which are responsible for the national audit. The practical part highlights the differences between the control authorities. The comparison of individual offices is analysed on the basis of the Lima Declaration of Guidelines on Auditing Precepts.
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The Conception of constitutional referendum in selected countries of the European Union
Radicsová, Alena ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lechner, Tomáš (referee)
The main topic of my dissertation is a referendum as an instrument of direct democracy. Czech Republic is one of the latest country to have joined the European Union, whose constitutional system does not have modification of a nationwide referendum. The aim of this work was to evaluate the approach and the content of government's draft of the constitutional law for the nationwide referendum presented as a Parliamentary Document No. 559, in comparison with its regulation in selected European countries. The author establishes several basic criteria which are mainly concluded through analysis and comparison. The results indicate we cannot expect any significant step forward in terms of civil participation and qualitative democratic progress in proposals describe above.
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The comparison of the constitutional conceptions of selected central banks of the world from perspectives of the CNB
Pospíšilová, Kateřina ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Matula, Miloš (referee)
The master´s thesis is about the conceptions of the Czech National Bank, the Federal Reserve System, the European Central Bank and People's Bank of China. It focuses on the comparison of these conceptions with the created universal model of the central bank and its parameters, and finds out that the selected central banks are lot away from this model. Important is also a perspective of the Czech National Bank after joining the euro area and the fact that at this moment her role will be replaced by the European Central Bank. The European Central Bank, compared with the Federal Reserve and the People's Bank deviates the least from its inflation target and therefore is pretty close to reach a price stability. However, ECB clearly financed some government debts, and that is inconsistent with the law. In conclusion can be noted that the central banks of the Czech Republic, the United States and the euro area reach the high level of freedom and are independent of the other components of state power and vice versa People's Bank of China remains strongly dependent on the executive power.
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Supervisory and controlling activities of the public prosecutor against a background of the historical developments since 1948 up to the present day
Rokoská, Ilona ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Bradáčová, Lenka (referee)
The thesis deals with the supervisory and controlling activities of the public prosecutor against a background of the historical developments since 1948 up to the present day in Czechoslovakia and its successor states. It focuses on the key changes that have taken place within the public prosecution institutions and depicts the specific forms these bodies have taken along the years. Subsequently it points out the most recent forms of the public prosecution authorities performing in the Czech and Slovak republics and compares them. The thesis marginally looks at the discussions accompanying the adoption of a new public prosecution law and it maps their course so far. While compiling the thesis, analytical, historical and comparative methods were being used, with the thesis relying prevailingly on books, legal regulations and technical papers as sources of information. Having processed all the background materials and having carried out a subsequent comparison within the framework of the historical developments since 1948 along with a comparison of the Czech and Slovak republics, I have eventually arrived at a conclusion that the notions of supervising and controlling are not interchangeable and that the goal of the thesis, which consisted in their delimitation and mutual differentiation in the first place, has been reached.
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The public advocate
Mikanová, Markéta ; Matula, Miloš (advisor) ; Kuba, Jaroslav (referee)
Nowadays the office of the ombudsman is considered as one of the main institutions, which should not lack in any democratic country. The actual ombudsman of Czech republic Mgr. Anna Šabatová Ph.D. solves many causes, of which some are mentioned in this thesis. Public advocate is expected to be independent and available for people to advise them in case of negotiation with institutions, that are in his or her competence. By constitution of law no. 349/1999 Sb. the institution of ombudsman was anchored in Czech republic. The objective of my thesis is to explain the evolution of ombudsman from the moment of the constitution of the law, till present, to analyze the law itself and to focus on the office of the public advocate. Further, I compare the institution of ombudsman with other countries and define recommendations for adjustment of law about the public advocate in Czech republic. First of all I recommend to install specialized ombudsman for different areas, set up requirements of education of public advocate and a possibility to appeal him or her in case of long-term disease, which hinders him or her to perform.
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