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Mikveh: the phenomenon of Jewish solemity (notes about ritual baths in Moravia)
Šedivec, Ivana ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav etnologie Rigorózní práce Praha 2013 Ivana Šedivec Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav etnologie Rigorózní práce Ivana Šedivec Mikve: fenomén židovské obřadnosti (poznámky k rituálním lázním na Moravě) Mikveh: the phenomenon of Jewish solemity (notes about ritual baths in Moravia) Praha 2013 Ivana Šedivec Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Jaroslava Krupková, CSc. Ústav etnologie Fakulta filozofická Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Poděkování Ráda bych poděkovala za podporu a konzultace PhDr. Jaroslavě Krupkové, CSc a PhDr. Daně Veselské Ph.D. Neméně tak všem mým respondentům. Děkuji za poskytnutí materiálů od uvedených obcí a měst, cenných rad a připomínek. Prohlašuji, že jsem práci zpracoval(a) samostatně a použil(a) jen uvedených pramenů a literatury. Praha, leden 2013 podpis Klíčová slova: voda, rituál, čistota, ženy, intimita Klíčová slova anglicky: water, ritual, purity, women, intimacy Anotace Tato rigorózní práce se zabývá rituální očistou židů v mikve. Mikve je židovská rituální lázeň, která musí splňovat určitá náboženská nařízení, aby mohla být vnímána jako rituálně způsobilá. Veškerá nařízení a zákony týkající se provozu, konstrukce a vody, která smí být použita v lázni, jsou popsány v Mišně v traktátu Mikva'ot. Základem pro rituální způsobilost...
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Jewish year and his feast
Pilařová, Kateřina ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
The thesis deals with important and festive days in the Jewish calendar. It studies their origin both in historical context and in the context of celebrations and customs observed during the festivals. It deals with the festivals both from the religious point of view, i.e. religious commands and orders, and from the societal point of view where it aims at mapping the customs and traditions which are followed but which are not based on religious texts or rabbi tradition. The scope of the text dedicated in the thesis to specific festivals does not strictly copy the religious importance or the popularity of a particular festival with Jewish population; rather, it is guided by the scope of historical background and customs followed in connection with the festival. As a result, some less popular festivals in the society are more prominent than it would have been expected judging by their importance. The thesis presents individual festivals in the chronological order of the religious year, with the exception of Shabbat which is observed every week and Rosh Chodesh celebrated monthly. These festivals were included before other festivals and make up a separate chapter. The broad scope of the thesis encompassing all festive days, including modern festivals, mostly established by the State of Israel, enables...
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The Czech vegetarianism within the cultural contexts
Hanková, Marie ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
The purpose of this dissertation is to create a certain overview of the Czech vegetarianism development further to its development in the world within different cultural contexts. The vegetarianism is a subject extending into many scientific areas to which the used literature and materials refer. The first part contains an introduction to the questions of vegetarianism. What follows is the development in the world related to different religious and spiritual movements (Hinduism, Buddhism, Pythagoreans, Stoics, Christianity, Islam, Judaism etc.) or to some particular individuals. Also, the attitude to the consumption of meat in the historico-cultural periods up to the first attempts to promote vegetarianism is briefly described. The following part describes the development of the Czech vegetarianism since the second half of the 19th century - the personalities, the literature, the associations, the activities etc. The period literature analysis is confronted with the contemporary specialized literature and is also compared with the attitudes of the present-day propagators and supporters of the vegetarianism. The last part of this work comprises of a questionnaire survey, which was used for specifying the initial motivation in becoming a vegetarian or vegan, for determining potential problems, for learning...
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Mardi Gras as a phenomenon of New Orleans local culture
Urbišová, Julie ; Šatava, Leoš (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
Diploma thesis "Mardi Gras as a phenomenon of New Orleans local culture" describes the tradition of carnival in the city of New Orleans, Louisiana. Carnival in Louisiana is a very old festival - that is why I described history of this festival until its present form. Carnival in United States of America is connected to people with French heritage, who are known as Creoles. I also explained creole culture. During the years, carnival was changed, influenced and enriched many times thanks to many different people, who moved into New Orleans. I also considered their important role in Mardi Gras. I visited New Orleans many times and I was able to make terrain research during couple carnival seasons. I was also able to interview many interesting people who are part of carnival. I used the results of my participating observation and interviews to describe carnival in present form. This festival is still very popular not only for New Orleans inhabitants, but also for many tourists from all around the world. I also wrote about Mardi Gras from economical point of view.
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The wedding on Žďárské
Macková, Veronika ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee)
Master thesis: Wedding in the town of region of Zdar nad Sazavou Author: Bc. Veronika Macková Supervisor: PhDr. Jaroslava Krupková, CSc. ABSTRACT This thesis is focused on the description of the current marriage in the district town of Zdar nad Sazavou. The thesis is a methodology of field research, where I describe the basic information on how to collect information in the field. This work incorporates two general chapters on marriage. One is about how it is legally defined marriage in the Czech Republic, and the second deals with the status of marriage in human life. An integral part of this thesis is also crucial appreciation of literature and sources and historical development and current form Zdarsky whole region. In this thesis the main chapters are solved on three: the bridal, wedding day and the next day after the wedding. Each chapter has several requirements under subchapters. Contemporary wedding in the district town Zdar nad Sazavou is the traditional model compares the captured in the 19th and 20th century. In some cases, to explain the concept in this thesis are treated further in history. Keywords: wedding, groom, bride, Zdar nad Sazavou, fieldwork
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Changes of burial in village Úhonice in the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century
Slaboch, Martin ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Navrátilová, Alexandra (referee) ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee)
The way of burial have during the 20th century in our country dramatically changed. Newly appeared cremation and in recent years there increase the burials without any ceremony. So high portion of burials without ceremony has not got a parallelism in the whole world. Traditional spiritual burials with a multiple leave and inhumanition to the grave on the graveyard are decreasing. There are still coming new and new options and ways of undertaking from now on. The thesis focuses on progress in burial in middle Bohemia's village called Úhonice during the years 1988-2008, where the ways of burying of all 205 dead people were perfectly registered. The case study shows the new forms of undertaking, which appears in Úhonice later than in bigger cities. Today the dead body is immediately taken by burial purposes, which even look after obsequies. By activity of professional burial purposes the burial customs disappear
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The function and forms of the Chodsko's traditional costume in the past and present
Nová, Lucie ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
In this thesis, I described the evolution of the traditional clothing from the half of the 19th century until the 21st century. It was my concern to achieve a work of not only descriptive content, which I found so frequent. I sought also for the occasions for wearing the traditional costume, on what occasion, the way the traditional costume changes when the original materials changes. I looked for the reasons why and with what functionality it is still worn by people living today. Among the historical evolution, I put emphasis also on the recent form and function of the traditional clothing.
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Mikveh: the phenomenon of Jewish solemity (ritual baths in Bohemia)
Žahourová, Ivana ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Korecká, Zuzana (referee)
Resumé This diplom work is devoted to the ritual purification of the Hebrew in mikva. Mikva is a Hebrew ritual bath which must fulfull certain religious regulations to be understood as properly religious. All the regulations and order regarding the functioning, construction and water, which is allowed to be used, are stated in Misna in the tractate Mikwa'ot. The basis for the ritual adequacy of mikva is water which should have inflow and outflow. Mikva serves to renew ritual cleanliness of a person who became ritually unclean. This ritual dates back to the times when Desater made a commandment to Sinaji. The first people who practiced the ritual were supposedly priests. Those were impurified after the contact with a dead body, carrion of an animal or a snake; after emission of semen or spermatorrhoea. During the times of the first Church the whole population including children cleaned themselves from different impurities. After the deconstruction of the Church the law regualting cleanliness and impurities changed. Today mikva is visited by women firstly before wedding, then after each menstruation period and after giving birth. Men are no longer obliged to practise the ritual after the deconstruction of the Church however even today orhodox Hebrew and chasids clean themselves before important Hebrew...
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Ceremoniousness connected with birth of a child in Pelhřimov distrikt. The Role of the Midwife from the viewpoint of etnology.
Kubíčková, Kristýna ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee)
The main theme of this bachelor's thesis is ceremoniousness, which is connected with the birth of a child in Pelhřimov district in the 2nd half of the 19 and the beginning of the 20 century. The second part of the thesis is primarily devoted to related ceremonial acts. The individual chapters are focused on conception of pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium in the folk environment. This very intimate and rarely mapped area of family ceremoniousness is thus seen by means of period literature, articles, archive matters, records and registers. Considering the fact that midwives used to be the principal performers of ceremonial acts connected with the birth of a child the first part of the thesis concetrates on the midwifery issues. It deals with midwives education, their competences and collegial relationships.
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