|
|
Lower Cretaceous belemnites and their occurrence in Czech Republic
Vaňková, Lucie ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Marek, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with an complex overview of the Lower Cretaceous belemnites, and their occurrence in the Czech Republic, especially in Štramberk locality. First part provides a brief introduction to the Lower Cretaceous and to belemnite morfology with emphasis on internal skeleton especially of rostrum. Next chapter includes short review of morfometric analysis, which is the most important feature for taxonomy. The following part presents systematics and taxonomy of the Lower Cretaceous belemnite, and their paleoecological use as an indicators for paleotemperatures. There are also mentioned geographical occurrences and migrations of certain belemnite taxa and their stratigraphical evidence in the Lower Cretaceous sediments. The last part deals with the locality Štramberk, which is unique in the Czech Republic because of its stratigraphical evidence of the Lower Cretaceous belemnite fauna. Key words: Belemnites, Lower Cretaceous, systematice, palaeobiogeography, palaeoecology, Štramberk
|
|
|
Brachiopoda and polychaeta in Taphocenoses of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basis
Sklenář, Jan ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Michalík, Jozef (referee) ; Vašíček, Zdeněk (referee)
The sesile suspension feeders of Brachiopoda and Polychaeta phyla are relatively well represented in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (BCB), and show significant diversity. All three subphyla of Brachiopoda (Linguliformea, Craniiformea and Rhynchonelliformea) are present in the fossil record of the sedimentary basin infill; from Polychaeta, there has hith- erto been evidence of only the Canalipalpata subclass members that created solid, usually carbonatic tubes. In both abundancy and diversity, the most richest associations of fossil brachiopods and polychaets occure in near-shore facies of the Cenomanian to the Lower Turonian, and hemipelagic facies of the Late Turonian age. Prior research, as shows the literature survey given by the author, has been focused mainly on representatives of both groups of near-shore facies origin. The aim of this thesis is to fill in the existing gaps in our understanding of these groups within the BCB. This objective is accomplished in the form of a series of studies (Sklenář & Simon 2009, Vodrážka & al. 2009, Sklenář & al., in press) elaborating the following topics in detail: (A) taxonomy, distribution, morphology, variabil- ity, evolutionary relationships and stratigraphic significance of cancellothyrid brachiopod Gyrosoria abundant in the Middle and particularly in...
|
|
|
Problems of the K/T boudary
Pícha, Štěpán ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Holcová, Katarína (referee)
Mass extinction attracts the attention of scientists for a long time. Particularly examined in detail the extinction at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, took place from 65.9 + -0.4 millionyears. There are numerous theories which try to explain the causes that led to the youngest of the five major extinctions in Earth history. Since 1980, when the iridium anomaly has been recorded in sediments , the theory of extraterrestrial cause of the extinctions caused by meteorite or comet was introducet. This theory has partly been confirmed by the findings impact crater in the Gulf of Mexico. Further examination, however, proved that the crater quite significantly precedes the boundary. Attention therefore has turned in another direction,i . e. the terrestrial cause of extinction. More recent scientists pay attention to present-day India and huge volcanic traps that created the Deccan platform.During the examination of the Deccan traps, the unexpected an impact crater structure, which is several times larger than the crater in the Gulf of Mexico, has been discovered This discovery started anew dispute about the main cause of the extinction at the Cretaceous / Tertiary boundary. Based on modern literature, the three major theories of the K/T extinction are discussed. I have tried to focus their causes,...
|
|
|
Cephalopods and biostratigraphy of North Bohemian Jurassic sediments
Hrbek, Jan ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Ziegler, Václav (referee)
The Jurassic ammonites from the Northern Bohemia has been revised on the base of the material stored in the National Museum in Prague and the Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. 23 species and 19 genera, belonging to 7 families were described on the basis of this systematical revision. This ammonite assemblage indicates a proportional occurence of the Boreal, Tethyan and also cosmopolitan taxa. Stratigraphically important taxa suggest a considerably longer period of sedimentation, predominantly represented by the Upper Jurassic carbonates. This interval may contain up to 9 ammonite zones. A pilot microfacial analysis of carbonates from Peškova stráň area (in Krásná Lípa vicinity) indicates a considerably higher variability of sedimentation area. The presence of micritic carbonates suggests the existence of a widespread areas in the Late Jurassic sea covering the Bohemian Massif. The biostratigraphy and palaeogeography is briefly discussed in the European Late Jurassic context. Key words: ammonites, Upper Jurassic, Northern Bohemia, carbonate sediments, biostratigraphy, palaeogeography
|
|
|
Ammonites of the geslinianum zone, Upper Cenomanian (BCB)
Cápová, Andrea ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Ziegler, Václav (referee)
ENGLISH SUMMARY Ammonite assemblage from the Upper Cenomanian of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin realtively poorly known. Some species have been described herein for the first time: Thomelites cf. sornayi (Thomel) Euomphaloceras septemseriatum (Cragin) Eucalycoceras pentagonum (Gragin) and Allocrioceras annulatum (Shumard.). These records predominantly come from the M. geslinianum zone sediments developed in the higher parts of the Pecinov member (Uličný et al., 1998) of the Peruc - Korycany Formation. The sediments yielding ammonite assemblage represents the Late Cenomanian transgressive tract, accompanied by anoxic event OAE II = Oceanic anoxic Event II, CTBE) worldwide recorded in sediments and showing an increased content of stable isotope δ13 C. The OAE II is suggested to be connected to marine biota crisis and also the mass extinctionas well. The most affected organisms were benthic forms, due to high anoxic conditions at the bottom of the water column. Morphological features of the shells may, depending on the quality preservation shells (or cores) can be used to paleobathymetric interpretations. Most described species lived at depths of 50-80 m (up to 100m). Pelagic ammonites (i.e. Sciponoceras) lived at depths of up to 50 m. Heteromorphic taxa (Allocrioceras) have occurred at a depth of up to 100 m.
|
|
|
Oyster bioherms in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
Rantuch, Jakub ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Frank, Jiří (referee)
Frustration from shape and size variability of oyster's species Rhynchostreon suborbiculatum (Lamarck) is long known phenomenon. In current state of his systematic it is not possible to consider it fully satisfying. Is it is shown in study of genus Gryphaea by Jones and Gould (1999), that application of modern analytical methods, undoubtly lightens long-darkned places of evolution process. Idea of Videt and Neraudeau (2003), that shape variability of Rhynchostreon suborbiculatum (Lamarck) probably also mirrors heterochronic processes, introduces inspirative and good foundation for future research in this field. Occurence of this oyster is proved from huge range of sites in Bohemian Cretaceous Basin area. It is combination of rich occurance, unique preservation and variability of lithological settings, which gives us unique starting point for next step to solve significant problem. Based on population analyses consisting of biometrical studies supported by oxygen isotope analyses, in future, it will be possible to reach sufficient conclusions of this issue, and progress in our knowledge.
|
|
|
Taphocoenoses with spongens in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
Vodrážka, Radek ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Pisera, Andrzej (referee) ; Skupien, Petr (referee)
This PhD thesis annotate a compilation of published papers, which deal with sponge-bearing taphocoenoses in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (BCB) and with techniques of their study. Essential platform for dealing with this topic represent: a) study of distribution of sponges in the BCB b) study of basic fossilisation processes of sponge skeletons c) study of various laboratory techniques for preparation of sponges and other invertebrates from the BCB; practising and improving these methods d) study of sponge-bearing localities in the BCB based on filedwork and study of literature and fossil material housed in Czech and foreign palaeontological collections e) study of selected taphocoenoses from sponge-bearing localities in the BCB - i.e. Upper Cenomanian to Middle Coniacian localities Part of PhD thesis summarize recent state of knowledge in palaeontological/geological studies of sponge-bearing localities and include also new information about taphocoenoses with sponges in the BCB. This information is based on (1) new (unpublished) author data, (2) author's and co-authored publications published during PhD studies (referenced but not presented in PhD thesis) and (3) co-authored submitted paper. The most important results are presented to be abstracts of published papers (see below). Publication list with...
|
|
|
Using of insect in biology teaching: ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as a bioindicator of the environmental state of Klanovice forest
Rajová, Štěpánka ; Ziegler, Václav (advisor) ; Košťák, Martin (referee) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
Cílem této mé práce se stalo zhodnoceni míry zachovalosti Klanovického lesa z hlediska času a s využitím výsledků poskytnutých skupinou střevlikovitych a pavouků Vzhledem k omezenému množství materialu zabývajícího se didaktickým využitím hmyzu se stalo mým dalším důležitým cílem shrnutí a rozšíření dostupných informací o metodách sběru a preparace hmyzu s důrazem na praktické návody k výrobě didaktických pomůcek a navrženi možností výuky morfologie a determinace hmyzu. Lidská společnost již od prvopočátku sve existence výrazně ovlivňuje životní prostředí. V minulém století došlo již k tak závažným změnám, že jejich charakter dosáhl až globálního významu. Spolu s počátkem uvědomění si těchto změn a jejich možného dopadu na kvalitu životního prostředí, začal člověk souběžně vyvíjet metody pro jejich monitorovaní Snaha porozumět a objasnit tyto procesy trva až do dnešních dnů s proměnlivými a někdy i odporujícími si výsledky. Je vůbec ještě možný dalši rozvoj nebo třeba i jen další setrvání "západní" civilizace na Zemi, aniž by došlo ke zhroucení celého ekosystému'7 Možná.
|
|
| |
|
|
Comparison PZTS of the financial and user perspective
Košťák, Martin ; Hart, Jan (advisor) ; Hartová, Veronika (referee)
The aim of the thesis was an evaluation of the security alarm and emergency systems of financial and user perspective. The thesis was focused on familiarization with problems of these systems. The overview solved problems was dedicated analysis of data loggers of each type. Their advantages and disadvantages were given for installation and use. In this part were also discussed the most commonly used detectors, security alarm and emergency systems. In the custom processing was solved the evaluation of selected data loggers and the solution was to select the most appropriate of data logger for use in financial and user perspective.
|
guest ::
