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Bird Appearances and Similarities
Figura, Roman ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Daněk, Tomáš (referee) ; Jaroš, Filip (referee)
The presented work deals with a striking, yet usually neglected phenomenon by researchers, the similarity between the forms of different (closely unrelated) bird taxa. It mainly concerns visual signs of the body surface, the work also deals with other signs, including behavioral ones. The thesis demonstrates that these are not a few curious similarities, but a truly robust phenomenon, which apparently cannot be fully explained from a unifying point of view. Only some characters, which the work deals with, help their bearers to crypsis, aposematism or mimesis. In many other cases, their function is unknown. They can carry different functions in the life of their bearers, but it is often not possible to determine a single cause of their occurrence. In terms of the information contained, the work belongs to the largest works dealing with this topic known to the author.
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The ecological and ethological significance of felid coat patterns (Felidae)
Jaroš, Filip ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Horáček, Ivan (referee) ; Weber, Andreas (referee)
The presented work investigates various theories about the significance of felid coat patterns. Most of the hypotheses are based on the theory of adaptive function of animal colouration. As regards felids, it is generally believed that the coat pattern has the function of aggressive resemblance. Early testimonies about cryptic properties of colouration of cats are summarized to provide the historical perspective of the problem. Other putative adaptive functions of patterns are investigated (intraspecific communication, thermoregulation) and close attention is paid to the option that the spotted coat of the leopard (Panthera pardus) serves as a cue for recognition from the perspective of prey. In the next stage, some of the hypotheses are tested by statistical means. The problem is simplified into search for association between a given category of a coat pattern (e.g. spots, stripes) and usual habitat of felid species (e.g. forest, grassland). Pagel's test for correlated changes is employed to account for phylogenetic relationships. In addition to broadly acknowledged hypotheses, the validity of proposition that juvenile coat patterns have the function of protective resemblance is tested. Finally, the problem of colouration of felids is linked to broader context of theoretical biology. Apart from prevailing...
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Rehabilitation of the sensuous world from the environmental perspective of David Abram.
Slovák, Ľuboš ; Daněk, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jaroš, Filip (referee)
This thesis is an attempt to reflect on the theme of phenomena and sensuous world in the context of environmentalism. It deals with the condemnation of phenomena in the modern era science and especially in the contemporary neo-Darwinian biology, and with various attempts at rehabilitation of sensory perception as a relevant way of relating to the world in biology (Adolf Portmann, Hans Driesch) and philosophy (phenomenology, particularly Maurice Merleau-Ponty). The main subject of the thesis is the eco- phenomenology of David Abram and a comparison of his approach with the one held by contemporary biology. Based on this comparison it is argued in what manner may the thoughts of David Abram, and the effort to rehabilitate phenomena in general, be of benefit to the environmental discourse, particularly in terms of forming an original epistemology and ontology and concerning the ethical motivations. KEYWORDS: Abram, phenomenon, environmentalism, neo-Darwinism, phenomenology, eco-phenomenology
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Relaxing effects of some NO donors
Jaroš, Filip
Several non-aromatic substituted oxime derivatives (formamidoxime, acetaldoxime, acetone oxime, acetohydroxamic acid, formaldoxime) function as vasorelaxant NO donors when added to precontracted aortic rings in vitro. This study was aimed to evaluate whether these substances posses vasodilator properties under in vivo conditions. We studied blood pressure changes elicited by administration of these compounds to conscious chronically catheterized Wistar rats in which endogenous NO synthesis was acutely inhibited by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) pretreatment (30 mg/kg i.v.). Three of the tested substances (formaldoxime, acetohydroxamic acid and formamidoxime) induced pronounced dose-dependent blood pressure reduction which was further augmented when baroreflex operation was interrupted by ganglionic blockade (5 mg/kg pentolinium). Pretreatment of rats with methylene blue (soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor) was used to estimate the contribution of NO to observed blood pressure lowering effects of the above compounds. Nitric oxide seems to be responsible for the entire formaldoxime-induced blood pressure decrease and for a considerable part of blood pressure changes elicited by formamidoxime. On the contrary, we did not find a significant NO contribution to blood pressure reduction caused...
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Rehabilitation of the sensuous world from the environmental perspective of David Abram.
Slovák, Ľuboš ; Daněk, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jaroš, Filip (referee)
This thesis is an attempt to reflect on the theme of phenomena and sensuous world in the context of environmentalism. It deals with the condemnation of phenomena in the modern era science and especially in the contemporary neo-Darwinian biology, and with various attempts at rehabilitation of sensory perception as a relevant way of relating to the world in biology (Adolf Portmann, Hans Driesch) and philosophy (phenomenology, particularly Maurice Merleau-Ponty). The main subject of the thesis is the eco- phenomenology of David Abram and a comparison of his approach with the one held by contemporary biology. Based on this comparison it is argued in what manner may the thoughts of David Abram, and the effort to rehabilitate phenomena in general, be of benefit to the environmental discourse, particularly in terms of forming an original epistemology and ontology and concerning the ethical motivations. KEYWORDS: Abram, phenomenon, environmentalism, neo-Darwinism, phenomenology, eco-phenomenology
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The ecological and ethological significance of felid coat patterns (Felidae)
Jaroš, Filip ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Horáček, Ivan (referee) ; Weber, Andreas (referee)
The presented work investigates various theories about the significance of felid coat patterns. Most of the hypotheses are based on the theory of adaptive function of animal colouration. As regards felids, it is generally believed that the coat pattern has the function of aggressive resemblance. Early testimonies about cryptic properties of colouration of cats are summarized to provide the historical perspective of the problem. Other putative adaptive functions of patterns are investigated (intraspecific communication, thermoregulation) and close attention is paid to the option that the spotted coat of the leopard (Panthera pardus) serves as a cue for recognition from the perspective of prey. In the next stage, some of the hypotheses are tested by statistical means. The problem is simplified into search for association between a given category of a coat pattern (e.g. spots, stripes) and usual habitat of felid species (e.g. forest, grassland). Pagel's test for correlated changes is employed to account for phylogenetic relationships. In addition to broadly acknowledged hypotheses, the validity of proposition that juvenile coat patterns have the function of protective resemblance is tested. Finally, the problem of colouration of felids is linked to broader context of theoretical biology. Apart from prevailing...
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Relaxing effects of some NO donors
Jaroš, Filip
Several non-aromatic substituted oxime derivatives (formamidoxime, acetaldoxime, acetone oxime, acetohydroxamic acid, formaldoxime) function as vasorelaxant NO donors when added to precontracted aortic rings in vitro. This study was aimed to evaluate whether these substances posses vasodilator properties under in vivo conditions. We studied blood pressure changes elicited by administration of these compounds to conscious chronically catheterized Wistar rats in which endogenous NO synthesis was acutely inhibited by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) pretreatment (30 mg/kg i.v.). Three of the tested substances (formaldoxime, acetohydroxamic acid and formamidoxime) induced pronounced dose-dependent blood pressure reduction which was further augmented when baroreflex operation was interrupted by ganglionic blockade (5 mg/kg pentolinium). Pretreatment of rats with methylene blue (soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor) was used to estimate the contribution of NO to observed blood pressure lowering effects of the above compounds. Nitric oxide seems to be responsible for the entire formaldoxime-induced blood pressure decrease and for a considerable part of blood pressure changes elicited by formamidoxime. On the contrary, we did not find a significant NO contribution to blood pressure reduction caused...
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The Use of Genetic Tests in the Insurance Industry. Alzheimerś Disease in Long-Term Care Insurance.
Jaroš, Filip ; Mandl, Petr (referee) ; Bohumský, Petr (advisor)
The dissertation can be viewed at as a contribution to the discussion about using genetic information in the insurance industry. The debate is fully being held in the United Kingdom and other countries. It is only a matter of time when the discussion will be launched in the Czech Republic. Macdonald's and Pritchard's model (2000) of Alzheimer's disease in long-term care insurance is applied to the Czech pattern of mortality. A calculation of the expected present value of benefits is shown on an illustrative example of long-term care insurance. A quantification of adverse selection which is perceived as a reason for differentiation of ratings depending on the genetic profile of a policy applicant is a mathematical conclusion of the study. The appendix deals with the broader ethic and economical matter of the problem discussed.
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Analysis of possible deplyment of Windows 10 at the University of Economics
Jaroš, Filip ; Pavlíček, Antonín (advisor) ; Galba, Alexander (referee)
This thesis deal with the newest operating system Windows 10 from Microsoft and its possible deployment at the University of Economics. In the first part, it describes a brief history from the very beginning of the Windows operating system to the current version of Windows 8.1. Afterwards, the thesis deals with the introduction of Windows 10, which arrives on the market in the summer of 2015. There are described the most significant updates of Windows 10 in comparison to previous versions. In the Bachelor's thesis is used the only available version, which is accessible under the test community Insider. At the end are analyzed computer assembly, all installed applications at University of Economic and other necessary data.
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