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Frege and Husserl on Objectivity
Jankovská, Lenka ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Beran, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with early works of significant logi- cians and philosophers Gottlob Frege and Edmund Husserl at the turn of the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. Most importantly, it deals with their solution of the objectivity of arithmetic and the objectivity itself. At first they both started in the same direction and they har- shly rejected psychologism. They also introduced similar differentiation of sense and reference. According to Frege, the reference of a sentence is a truth value, however, according to Husserl, it is a state of affairs. The sense is the way of referring to an object, also called intentionality. The sense in a sentence is a thought according to Frege and it is a noema according to Husserl. They both put emphasis on objectivity of number but they gradually went in different direction. Frege identified number with extension of concept, however, this subsequently let his system to dispute. Husserl derived number by abstraction, which exposed him to Frege's harsh criticism. Key words Frege, Husserl, objectivity, logic
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Russell's analysis of Peano Arithmetic
Jankovská, Lenka ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Arazim, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this thesis is Russell's analysis of Peano arithmetic. This analysis was presented by Russell and A. N. Whitehead in the book Prin- cipia Mathematica and then in Russell's book Introduction to Mathema- tical Philosophy which provided this approach in a more accessible form. The thesis focuses on Russell's critique of original Peano axioms and his effort to use only logical definitions instead of axioms. Another goal of the thesis is Russell's theory of classes and substitution of classes by propositional functions. Furthermore, the type theory for propositional functions is introduced and explained. All is converted into present-day logical notation. Moreover, the non-standard models of Russell's Peano arithmetic are studied. Finally, there are two particular arithmetic exam- ples illustrating the purposes of the thesis. Key words Bertrand Russell, Peano Arithmetic, classes, propositional funkction
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Frege and Husserl on Objectivity
Jankovská, Lenka ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Beran, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with early works of significant logi- cians and philosophers Gottlob Frege and Edmund Husserl at the turn of the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. Most importantly, it deals with their solution of the objectivity of arithmetic and the objectivity itself. At first they both started in the same direction and they har- shly rejected psychologism. They also introduced similar differentiation of sense and reference. According to Frege, the reference of a sentence is a truth value, however, according to Husserl, it is a state of affairs. The sense is the way of referring to an object, also called intentionality. The sense in a sentence is a thought according to Frege and it is a noema according to Husserl. They both put emphasis on objectivity of number but they gradually went in different direction. Frege identified number with extension of concept, however, this subsequently let his system to dispute. Husserl derived number by abstraction, which exposed him to Frege's harsh criticism. Key words Frege, Husserl, objectivity, logic
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Fundraising and marketing of selected non-profit organization
JANKOVSKÁ, Lenka
This thesis is devoted to marketing and fundraising in the non-profit sector. The aim is to analyze the application of marketing and fundraising in selected civil association in 2010. The theoretical part describes the marketing and fundraising in the non-profit organizations. The practical part is given the existing marketing activity and analyze multi-source funding of specific civil association, and some steps are recommended for effective activity of associations and alternative ways of obtaining financial resources.
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Accounting in concrete business organization, which is engaged in purchase and sale of agricultrural and municipal technique
JANKOVSKÁ, Lenka
In my bachelor thesis I dealt with problems of inventory and goods in detail, in a chosen company, whose main business activity is purchase and sale of goods in agriculture. The main object is characterize the general principles of accounting for inventory, especially of goods, and compare them with methods and procedures of the organization. The purpose of the theoretical part was to characterize the inventory, its division, the ways of assessing, and to define the concepts of stock records and accountancy. The practical part is based on theoretical knowledge; first of all focused on the goods themselves. The company whose accounting and ways of assessing goods I inquired into, uses two types of methods. It assesses spares using a weighted arithmetic average and machines using a FIFO method. I interested to find out whether using these methods is really profitable and therefore I formulated a practical example. According to my results, the company should use the FIFO method for its spares, too. Further I have been interested in how it works in their stock and how accounting department cooperates with the stock.
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