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Study of properties of UV-photochemical generation of volatile compounds od antimony
Adámková, Dominika ; Červený, Václav (advisor) ; Hraníček, Jakub (referee)
The master thesis deals with comparison of atomic fluorescence spektrometry and high resolution continuum source atomic absorption spektrometry for three methods generation of volatile compounds Antimony. In both methods of atomic antimony detection, it compares the most common chemical generation of volatile compounds (hydrides) with two alternative methods - electrochemical and UV - photochemical. The values of performance parameters for the determination of Sb(III) and Sb(V) were determined for all the above combinations. In the case of chemical generation, a surprisingly almost four times higher limit of detection of Sb(III) was found in connection with AFS detection than AAS detection. The final part was devoted to UV - photochemical vapor generation, with AAS detection for Sb(III) reaching limit of detection 4,96 ppb, for Sb(V) 8,63 ppb. Although UV - photochemical generation of volatile antimony compounds did not reach such performance parameters as chemical or electrochemical generation, it was observed that the sensitivity of antimony determination increased greatly when introducing oxygen into the apparatus. The interference study also found a significant positive effect of Fe(II) on the generation efficiency, and this modification partially persisted without further introduction of these...
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Sequential injection analysis capability in automation of analytical processes
Novosvětská, Lucie ; Sklenářová, Hana (advisor) ; Polášek, Miroslav (referee) ; Hraníček, Jakub (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate (married name/maiden name): Mgr. Lucie Novosvětská / Mgr. Lucie Zelená Supervisor: assoc. prof. PharmDr. Hana Sklenářová, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petr Chocholouš, Ph.D. Title of dissertation thesis: Sequential injection analysis capability in automation of analytical processes This dissertation, composed as a commented collection of four scientific articles and one undergoing project, introduces four novel applications in the field of automated flow methods and one application in the field of chromatographic methods used in analytical part of a complex pharmacological study. It the field of pharmaceutical analysis, three works were successfully optimized, validated, and published in scientific journals. Those works include: a) Automation of permeation studies within a sequential injection analysis system connected to a liberation unit and carrying out experiments with living cells. b) Pharmacological study of an antiretroviral drug efavirenz including its determination by fast chromatographic method in three types of sample matrices - in a medium from permeation studies with cellular models, in a Krebs solution from rat placenta perfusions, and in placenta tissue lysates. c) Determination of...
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Determination of Titanium and Phosphorus by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Jeníková, Eva ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Rychlovský, Petr (referee)
Předkládaná bakalářská práce se zabývá optimalizací metod stanovení titanu a fosforu technikou atomové absorpční spektrometrie s plamenovou atomizací ve složení acetylen-oxid dusný. Pro jednotlivá stanovení byly experimentálně nalezeny optimální hodnoty pro průtokovou rychlost acetylenu, koncentraci přídavku hliníku či vápníku, výšku paprsku nad hranou hořáku a jiné faktory pro zvýšení analytického signálu. Za těchto experimentálně zjištěných podmínek bylo provedeno stanovení a zjištění základní charakteristiky metod u obou prvků. Významnost stanovení těchto dvou prvků souvisí s tím, že materiály na bázi titanu a oxidu titaničitého povrchově modifikované sloučeninami fosforu jsou perspektivní pro řadu biomedicínských i průmyslových aplikací. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Determination of heavy metals in gread tits blood and feathers
Labancová, Katarína ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Nováková, Eliška (referee)
CZ Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá analýzou vybraných těžkých kovů (olovo, kadmium, měď, chrom, arsen) ve vzorcích krve a peří sýkor koňader (Parus major) metodou atomové absorpční spektrometrie s elektrotermickou atomizací a technikou generování těkavých sloučenin s detekcí křemenného atomizátoru. Za optimálních podmínek byla sestavena kalibrační závislost a zjistěné základní charakteristiky pro jednotlivé prvky. Klíčová slova Atomová absorpční spektrometrie, elektrotermická atomizace, chemické generovaní, těžké kovy, krev, peří, sýkora
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Application of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for Determination of Selected Elements from Potential Ecological Burden Area
Juránková, Lada ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Šíma, Jan (referee)
This work is focused on the determination of selected (chemical) elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Na, K, Mg a Ca) in a potential ecological burden area using flame atomic absorption spectrometry as a detection technique. A potential ecological burden is represented by tires which are used as a construction material or as an environment surrounding for growing decorative and consumable plants. Analytes were determined in plant origin samples. Firstly, the samples were dried in a laboratory electric dryer. The weighted amount of a dried sample (approximately 0.2 g) was digested inside a microwave decomposition device with an addition of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. An optimization of experimental parameters was done for each of the elements before sample measuring. A burner height was optimized and 8 mm height was chosen as a optimum for most elements. Under the optimum condition basic characteristics were measured for each element separately. These characteristics included limits of detection that were: 0.05; 0.01; 0.08; 0.21; 0.02; 0.01; 0.01; 0.01 mg L-1 for the following elements: Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, K, Ca, Mg and Na, respectively. The limits of quantification, sensitivity and repeatability were determined for each element as well. A significant attention was paid to the content of zinc in the studied...
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Arsenic determination in beer samples and raw materials for its preparation
Švadlenová, Veronika ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Jelínek, Ivan (referee)
This thesis describes the optimization of the method for determination of arsenic by the chemical hydride generation coupled with AAS detection in beer samples and raw materials for its preparation. The beer usually contain arsenic at ultratrace level, however, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of this element in the beer. The routinely used method for determination of arsenic is determination by electrothermal atomization. This approach is time consuming, expensive and less sensitive. It has been developer suitable determination of arsenic as a faster and less expensive method. For this method there was optimized the flow rate of argon to 75 ml·min-1, the optimum flow rate for the reagents was 4.0 ml·min-1 and for the sample 5.0 ml·min-1 . 3 % NaBH4 in 0.5 % NaOH was used as the reducing agent for the determination of arsenic, and HCl diluted 1:1 with distilled water was used to acidify the sample. With this parameter LOD was 0.32 μg·l-1 and LOQ 1.05 μg·l-1 . It has been tested the arsenic determination in samples of barley, malt and potable water as beer raw materials. It has been found that the beer matrix is unsuitable for the hydride generation technique due to a stormy reaction in the gas/liquid phase separator. The effect of pretreatment, which is likely to enhance the effect of...
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Determination of acetylsalicylic acid by sequential injection analysis with spectrophotometric detection
Vrtalová, Martina ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Červený, Václav (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the determination of acetylsalicylic acid using two methods of flow analysis; Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) and Sequential Injection Analysis (SIA) with spectrophotometric detection. The principle of determination is based on the acetylsalicylic acid decomposition to give salicylic ion. This ion reacts subsequently with Fe3+ ion in acidic solution leading to colored chelating complex Fe(SAL)+ . The increase of absorbance of this complex in its absorption maximum was used for analytical determination. Sodium salicylate (sodium salt of acetylsalicylic acid) was used as a standard substance. In the first part of this work, experimental arrangement for flow injection analysis was setup. Continuously the optimization of experimental conditions of acetylsalicylic acid determination was performed to obtain the higher sensitivity. Under the optimal conditions the basic characteristics of determination was measured. In the second part of this work, the commercial experimental instrument FIA Lab 3500 was used for determination. Optimization of experimental conditions and basic characteristic of determination by sequential injection analysis was performed as well. Developed methods for determination of acetylsalicylic acid with selected technique were verified by analyzing...
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