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Father Woodland as motivational learning environment for hospitalized and sick children
Králová, Michaela ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
This Diploma Thesis deals with the use of semantic arithmetical environment "Father Woodland" in the experimental teaching of a sick child. First aim of the thesis was to verify the motivational power of the environmment. For this purpose the experiment with a hospitalized pupil of fourth grade was realized. Second aim of the thesis was to elaboarte such educational material, which could be used in mathematical education of pupils of 2nd - 5th grade of primary school beside their current textbook at their longer stay in a hospital. For completeness materials on the general pediatric patients, their specific characteristics, needs and rights are also included. The Thesis is accompanied by both written experimental materials and all materials which were created within the work on the Diploma Thesis.
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Environment of Family-tree in primary school mathematics
Bartošová, Zuzana ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
The Rodokmen (Family tree) environment is one of the many envirnments listed in Fraus publishing house textbooks based on the RVP pro ZV (The Framework Educatinal Programme for Basic Education). The environment offers a tool for building of the mathematical schema of terms and their inter-realations as well as the development of the logical thought. In the theorethicl part of this Diploma thesis the relationship of the Rodokmen environment to the RVP pro ZV is being explained, basic mathematical and geneaologic terminology is stated. In this part of the thesis I also explain the relations in the set cocncept, clasify the family relationships and adress the methodology of the age example solving. In the practical part of the thesis I - by the way of experiment - determine how and in what context students understand the stated mathematical terms, the way they apply the understanding in order to solv the relation and age exams or problems, where the numeric operations take place.
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Movement in mathematics
Muchová, Zuzana ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
In my thesis I concern with the use of motoric activities in math classes. The chapters that offer a range of motoric activities were processed on the base of a questionnaire and an experiment. Some of the activities are currently being implemented in math classes by teachers of first, second and third grades at primary schools, others are part of textbooks designed for this age group. In addition to that, I offer five more possible activities, which have been recorded and interpreted within six experiments. The goal of the thesis is to demonstrate that physical movement cannot be separated from the life of six to nine years old children, and offer some motoric activities, which can potentially be contributive for development of mathematical skills and abilities.
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Ways and strategies of 10-12 years old pupils when solving selected type of word problems
Strnádková, Ivana ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
Title: Ways and strategies of 10-12 years old pupils when solving selected type of word problems Abstract This Diploma thesis is focused on word problems that, to some extent, make pupils troubles with their solution. In the first theoretical part there are word problems that the work deals with. These are word problems with ant signal, dynamic, complementary, graphic and their characteristics. The next section is about the strategy of solving word problems and work with mistakes. The second part is focused on experiment of all types of word problems that are described in the theoretical part. This experiment is analysed according to strategies of pupils' and teachers' solutions. Those strategies are later described and commented in detail. Key words word problem, solving strategy, mistake, source of mistake, grasping of word problem
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Graphs in didactics of mathematics
Lacková, Kateřina ; Hejný, Milan (advisor) ; Jirotková, Darina (referee)
Thesis is of an experimental kind with the possible application to ordináty education. It deals with the implementation of graph theory into education. Using graphs theory it presents briefly different a set of problems and particularly elaborate so called equation-arrow graph aimed to early graders. The core of the thesis is experiment done with second graders. Experiment is described and analyzed. The main concern is given to solving strategies of pupils. The obtained results might be applied to education not only in grade 2.
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A Didactic Game as a Means of Opening Up the World of Geometry
Nečasová, Klára ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
The goal of the diploma dissertation is to introduce a game with geometrical object as a probable part of lessons focused on teaching solid geometry. This activity is a possibility how, according to valid school standards, we can set up the view to geometrical world through manipulation with concrete objects build conception of perceiving solids and their parts. The thesis also summarises theory about methods of teaching, analyses experiments that were done with primary school children and describes phenomenon visible and obvious when adopting such activity to lessons.
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Teachers' experiences with changes in educational believes in mathematics
Hlavatá, Gabriela ; Hejný, Milan (advisor) ; Jirotková, Darina (referee)
Teachers' experiences with changes in educational believes in mathematics Abstract: Goal of this master thesis is monitoring of changes in the educational style of the teacher. The change is described at nearly annual, personal experiences of the teacher from the first year of primary school. On the experience, in which it attempts to move from transimising way of teaching mathematics to teach by using methods of teaching oriented to building of schemes. Processing of the topic, she is looking for the answer of the question, if the change of educational style of the teacher, can help to change the pupil's attitudes to taughted object, in this case to mathematics. Whether use of methods of teaching oriented to building of schemes, will lead to pupil's more interested in problem solving, not only in mathematics. She figuring out how long time period the teacher needs to change her access to teaching as well as pupils. Key words: teacher-pupil interaction, problem as tool for pupils'activation, overcoming inertia in education
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Cognitive processes of blind pupils when perceiving geometrical shapes
Kochová, Klára ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
OF THE THESIS The topic of this thesis is to study the cognitive processes (especially perception, imagination and thinking) of blind pupils through experiments with geometric objects. Tools of the experiment are four tasks (two for one pupil, two for a pair of pupils) that are recorded, transcribed into written protocols and analysed. An overview of the involved cognitive functions or naming of missing cognitive functions has been complied on basis of the specialised literature as a theoretical solution of analysis. Findings of psychology of mathematics didactic were other important theoretical starting points. The ones which are devoted to the tactile perception (of geometrical objects), stages of Piaget operation developments, cognitive mechanisms in mathematics and importance of communication in mathematics or geometry teaching are involved in the theses. Analysis of the experiments involves observations of the tactile perception, imaginations, thinking, cognitive processes, speech and communication, and other occurrences essential for specific tasks.
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Concept building process in the environment of Grid paper
Procházková, Ivana ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
My diploma work focuses on geometrical environments geoboard, dotted paper, grid paper and triangular paper together. At first, I try to apply this experiment on myself, thus I discover the Pick's formula for a triangular paper. Consequently I apply different levels of a cognitive process on my procedure. By doing this I am trying to go through the same process the children experience during the experiments. My next part deals with a problem of how such aspects could be used in order to get the expected outputs from "RVP" and how these aspects are understood in textbooks. The last part contains the actual experiments with children in the geometrical backgrounds described above.
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